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This book presents the state of art in the field of microbial zoonoses and sapronoses. It could be used as a textbook or manual in microbiology and medical zoology for students of human and veterinary medicine, including Ph.D. students, and for biomedicine scientists and medical practitioners and specialists as well. Surprisingly, severe zoonoses and sapronoses still appear that are either entirely new (e.g., SARS), newly recognized (Lyme borreliosis), resurging (West Nile fever in Europe), increasing in incidence (campylobacterosis), spatially expanding (West Nile fever in the Americas), with a changing range of hosts and/or vectors, with changing clinical manifestations or acquiring antibiotic resistance. The collective term for those diseases is (re)emerging infections, and most of them represent zoonoses and sapronoses (the rest are anthroponoses). The number of known zoonotic and sapronotic pathogens of humans is continually growing â over 800 today. In the introductory part, short characteristics are given of infectious and epidemic process, including the role of environmental factors, possibilities of their epidemiological surveillance, and control. Much emphasis is laid on ecological aspects of these diseases (haematophagous vectors and their life history; vertebrate hosts of zoonoses; habitats of the agents and their geographic distribution; natural focality of diseases). Particular zoonoses and sapronoses are then characterized in the following brief paragraphs: source of human infection; animal disease; transmission mode; human disease; epidemiology; diagnostics; therapy; geographic distribution.
Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- zoonoses --- besmettelijke ziekten
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Wildlife and the zoonotic pathogens they reservoir are the source of most emerging infectious diseases of humans. AIDS, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, SARS, Monkeypox and the human ehrlichioses are a few examples of the devastating effect achieved by cross-species transmission of viral and bacterial pathogens of wildlife. Many factors contribute to the appearance and spread of a pathogen, including; changes in host/pathogen evolution and interaction, human demographics, behavior and technology, environmental factors, and the availability of health care and a public health infrastructure capable of providing surveillance and interventions aimed at disease prevention and control. Additionally, historical factors and the coalescence of particular circumstances modify the conditions by which pathogens and species have an opportunity to intermix, evolve and spread. This volume provides an overview of zoonotic pathogen emergence with an emphasis on the role of wildlife. The first sections of the book explore the mechanisms by which evolution, biology, pathology, ecology, history, and current context have driven the emergence of different zoonotic agents, the next sections provide specific example of disease emergence linked to wildlife, and the final section offers an overview of current methods directed at the surveillance, prevention and control of zoonotic pathogens at the level of the wildlife host and possible mechanisms to improve these activities. This book will be useful to microbiologists, ecologists, zoologists, entomologists as well as physicians and epidemiologists.
Medical microbiology, virology, parasitology --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- pathologie --- zoonoses --- virologie --- besmettelijke ziekten --- tropische ziekten
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The food-borne parasites discussed in this book are infections of animals which are transmissible to humans and constitute an important component of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (The World Health Organization). The increasing recognition of the public health significance of these zoonoses, their complicated links to poverty, agricultural intensification, environmental degradation, and the lack of appropriate tools for their control was the inspiration behind this book. In the past these diseases were limited to populations living in low- and middle-income countries, but the geographical limits and populations at risk are expanding and changing because of increasing international markets, improved transportation systems, and demographic changes. It is estimated that the number of people currently infected with food-borne trematodes alone exceeds 41 million, and the number of people at risk worldwide , including those in developed countries, is 750 million. The focus of this book is on those zoonoses that are transmitted by fish, plant and invertebrate foods. While people, especially those living in developed countries, are commonly aware of meat-borne zoonoses such as trichinellosis and cysticercosis, fewer are acquainted with parasitic diseases caused by liver, lung and intestinal flukes, fish-borne tapeworms, and tissue roundworms. This book reviews not only the prevalence and distribution of these zoonoses, including available health and economic impact data, but also highlights gaps in our knowledge base that must be filled in order to gain insights on approaches to prevention. The topics on epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical aspects emphasize knowledge gaps that limit a full understanding of these zoonoses, and target where greater research investments on these parasitic diseases should be focused. Food-Borne Parasitic Zoonoses: Fish and Plant-Borne Parasites provides the intellectual challenge and stimulation needed to build a more concerted international effort on prevention of these zoonoses. It is an ideal volume for parasitologists, microbiologists, immunologists, epidemiologists, and graduate students and professionals in the fields of public health, infectious disease, food safety and food science.
General parasitology --- General microbiology --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Medical microbiology, virology, parasitology --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- Food science and technology --- volksgezondheid --- zoonoses --- microbiologie --- parasitologie --- virologie --- voedingsleer --- besmettelijke ziekten
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