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Book
Noncovariant Gauges in canonical formalism
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ISBN: 9783540699217 9783540699200 Year: 2009 Publisher: Berlin : Springer,

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Abstract

By definition, gauge theories - among the cornerstones of fundamental theoretical physics - involve more degrees of freedom than required by the underlying physics. The unphysical degrees of freedom must be shown not to yield unwarranted effects at every step in the formalism where explicit Lorentz covariance is required. The present work presents, in a rigorous way, a consistent formulation for the handling of noncovariant gauges in the quantization and renormalization of gauge theories. Though the path integral method is very convenient for the proof of unitarity and renormalizability of gauge theories, the canonical formalism is eventually necessary to expose the issues in a self-consistent way. These notes are written as an introduction to postgraduate students, lecturers and researchers in the field and assume prior knowledge of quantum field theory.


Book
TCP 2006 : Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Trapped Charged Particles and Fundamental Physics (TCP 2006) held in Parksville, Canada, 3-8 September, 2006
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 9783540734666 3540734651 9783540734659 354073466X Year: 2007 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer,

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The TCP06 conference in Parksville on Vancouver Island showcased the impressive progress in the study of fundamental physics using trapped charged particles. Atom and ion trapping has revolutionized atomic physics and related fields. It has proven to be particularly useful for fundamental physics experiments, as the tight control over the particles' degrees of freedom leads to increased precision and efficient use of exotic species such as radioactive atoms or anti-matter. The topics of the meeting included fundamental interactions and symmetries, quantum electrodynamics, quantum state manipulation and quantum information, precision spectroscopy and frequency standards, storage ring physics, highly charged ions in traps, traps for radioactive isotopes, plasmas and collective behaviour, and anti-hydrogen. Highlights from related fields such as fundamental physics studies with neutral, trapped atoms were also presented. The combination of overview articles by leaders in the field and detailed reports on recent research results will without doubt make these proceedings an extremely useful reference for researchers within the community, but also for those who study similar physics with different techniques, or use trapping methods for different purposes.


Multi
Introduction to Conformal Field Theory
Authors: --- ---
ISSN: 00758450 ISBN: 9783642004506 9783642004490 3642004490 Year: 2009 Volume: 779 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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"Based on class-tested notes, this text offers an introduction to Conformal Field Theory with a special emphasis on computational techniques of relevance for String Theory. It introduces Conformal Field Theory at a basic level, Kac-Moody algebras, one-loop partition functions, Superconformal Field Theories, Gepner Models and Boundary Conformal Field Theory." "Eventually, the concept of orientifold constructions is explained in detail for the example of the bosonic string." "In providing many detailed CFT calculations, this book is ideal for students and scientists intending to become acquainted with CFT techniques relevant for string theory but also for students and non-specialists from related fields."--Jacket.


Book
Foundations of Quantum Physics
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9780387776521 0387776516 9780387776514 1441926623 9786611954161 1281954160 0387776524 Year: 2008 Publisher: New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint: Springer,

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Intended to be used as a textbook for an introductory course in quantum mechanics at the undergraduate level, Foundations of Quantum Physics is also meant to be retained by the student for later use as a reference. The presentation begins with the solution of some basic quantum mechanical problems. The emphasis is on those features of the solutions that are unique to quantum physics. It is only after these aspects of quantum physics are thoroughly discussed that the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics is presented and related to the previous chapters. Throughout the book, the emphasis is on understanding the concepts and relating them to known phenomena. Because the book is intended to serve as a reference long after it has been used as a textbook, it contains more material than an instructor can likely cover in a two semester course. In keeping with this theme, there are topics included, not necessarily more advanced topics, that are not normally covered in introductory textbooks. Charles E. Burkhardt and Jacob J. Leventhal are authors of Topics in Atomic Physics (Springer 2005). Foundations of Quantum Physics will serve nicely as a prequel to the Topics book.

An introduction to relativistic processes and the standard model of electroweak interactions
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9788847004214 9788847004207 8847004217 Year: 2006 Publisher: Milano Springer-Verlag Italia

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These notes are designed as a guide-line for a course in Elementary Particle Physics for undergraduate students. The purpose is providing a rigorous and self-contained presentation of the theoretical framework and of the phenomenological aspects of the physics of interactions among fundamental constituents of matter. The first part of the volume is devoted to the description of scattering processes in the context of relativistic quantum field theory. The use of the semi-classical approximation allows us to illustrate the relevant computation techniques in a reasonably small amount of space. Our approach to relativistic processes is original in many respects. The second part contains a detailed description of the construction of the standard model of electroweak interactions, with special attention to the mechanism of particle mass generation. The extension of the standard model to include neutrino masses is also described. We have included a number of detailed computations of cross sections and decay rates of pedagogical and phenomenological relevance.


Book
Electroweak and Strong Interactions
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9783642202414 9783642202407 9783642269516 Year: 2012 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Electroweak and Strong Interaction: Phenomenology, Concepts, Models, begins with relativistic quantum mechanics and some quantum field theory which lay the foundation for the rest of the text. The phenomenology and the physics of the fundamental interactions are emphasized through a detailed discussion of the empirical fundamentals of unified theories of strong, electromagnetic, and weak interactions. The principles of local gauge theories are described both in a heuristic and a geometric framework. The minimal standard model of the fundamental interactions is developed in detail and characteristic applications are worked out. Possible signals of physics beyond that model, notably in the physics of neutrinos are also discussed. Among the applications scattering on nucleons and on nuclei provide salient examples. Numerous exercises with solutions make the text suitable for advanced courses or individual study. This completely updated revised new edition contains an enlarged chapter on quantum chromodynamics and a widely updated chapter on neutrino physics.


Book
High Energy Cosmic Rays
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9783540851486 9783540851479 Year: 2010 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Cosmic rays are an essential part of the universe. Their origin is related to many important astrophysical processes, such as star formation, stellar evolution, supernova explosions and the state of interstellar matter in the Galaxy. Cosmic Ray Physics reviews our present knowledge of cosmic rays, describing how they are born in a wide range of cosmic processes, how they are accelerated and how they interact with matter, magnetic fields and radiation during their journey across the Galaxy. The book also describes the detection of cosmic rays, and the processes which take place, both at the top and within the Earth's atmosphere. The author also describes the very important area of the underground detection of very high energy cosmic rays and particles such as neutrinos. The book is divided into two parts, the first describing the standard model of cosmic rays and contemporary challenges, and the second part dealing with very high energy cosmic rays that cannot be detected directly in satellite and balloon experiments, and with gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy. It is in this particular aspect of the book that the greatest developments have taken place during the 5 years since the first edition was completed. Consequently, it is in the chapters cosmic ray showers, their spectrum, on high energy neutrinos, and on gamma-ray astronomy of this revised and updated 2nd edition that a considerable amount of new material has been incorporated with more minor revisions and updating taking place in the first part of the book. Students and lecturers of advanced undergraduate courses on cosmic rays and astroparticle physics as well as post graduates and researchers will continue to find this book a valuable source of learning and reference.

Scattering and Structures
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9783540278443 3540231560 9783540231561 3540278443 Year: 2005 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Quantum physics may appear complicated, especially if one forgets the "big picture" and gets lost in the details. However, it can become clearer and less tangled if one applies a few fundamental concepts so that simplified approaches can emerge and estimated orders of magnitude become clear. Povh and Rosina’s "Scattering and Structures" presents the properties of quantum systems (elementary particles, nucleons, atoms, molecules, quantum gases, quantum liquids, stars, and early universe) with the help of elementary concepts and analogies between these seemingly different systems. The original German-language edition of this book was written for students preparing for their final oral examination in physics. By and large, the scope of the book in English has been essentially enlarged and thus will also be of interest for physicists in general.

Keywords

Plasma physics --- Computer. Automation --- Space research --- Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory --- Atomic physics --- plasmafysica --- elementaire deeltjes --- Astrophysics --- Elementary particles --- computergestuurd meten --- astrofysica --- astrophysics --- quantumfysica --- ruimte (astronomie) --- astronomy --- Quantum theory --- Théorie quantique --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B --- Quantum theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Quantum Physics. --- Quantum Information Technology, Spintronics. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Particle and Nuclear Physics. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Quantum physics. --- Quantum computers. --- Spintronics. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astrophysics. --- Nuclear physics. --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Fluxtronics --- Magnetoelectronics --- Spin electronics --- Spinelectronics --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Computers --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics


Book
Particles and Nuclei
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9783540793670 9783540793687 3540793674 3540793682 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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This well-established textbook gives a uniform and unique presentation of both nuclear and particle physics. Analysis, Part 1, is devoted to disentangling the substructure of matter. This part shows that experiments designed to uncover the substructures of nuclei and nucleons have a similar conceptual basis, and lead to the present picture of all matter being built out of a small number of elementary building blocks and a small number of fundamental interactions. Synthesis, Part 2, shows how the elementary particles may be combined to build hadrons and nuclei. The fundamental interactions responsible for the forces in all systems become less and less evident in increasingly complex systems. A section on neutrino oscillations and one on nuclear matter at high temperatures bridge the field of "nuclear and particle physics" and "modern astrophysics and cosmology". The new edition incorporates a large amount of new experimental results on deep inelastic scattering (obtained at the Electron-Proton Collider HERA at DESY in Hamburg) into chapters 7 and 8. Translated into many languages, Particles and Nuclei has become a standard reference for advanced and undergraduate courses. From the reviews of an earlier edition: "...an excellent introduction to nuclear and particle physics... A very clear presentation... I thus recommend this book as a very good phenomenological approach to the physics of particles and nuclei..." Physicalia.

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