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The manipulation of fire by early hominins was a turning point in our evolutionary history. Once "domesticated", fire provided warmth, light and protection from predators, as well as enabling the exploitation of a new range of foods. This book presents the spatial analyses of burned and unburned flint items which provide evidence for the controlled use of fire at the 790,000-year-old Acheulian site of Gesher Benot Ya ˜aqov (GBY). Clusters of burned flint, interpreted as the remnants of hearths, occur throughout the entire occupational sequence of the site. The fact that fire is repetitively used suggests that the knowledge of fire-making and the technological skills of the Acheulian hominins of Gesher Benot Ya ˜aqov enabled them to set fire at will in diverse environmental settings. "Control of fire marks a significant landmark in human evolution, providing warmth, protection, and many new foods. This important volume compellingly shows that fire was already in regular use some 800,000 years ago." John D. Speth, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA "A major contribution to knowledge of early human fire history, the finds at Gesher Benot Ya ˜aqov add immensely to the picture of our early ancestors by the fireside. The authors present a painstaking and multidimensional scientific investigation which should convince even sceptics of the importance of fire use in prehistory" John A.J. Gowlett, British Academy Centenary Research Project, The Archaeology of the Social Brain, UK

Acheulian culture --- Antiquities, Prehistoric --- Acheuléen --- Antiquités préhistoriques --- Gesher Benot Ya'ḳov Site (Israel) --- Gesher Benot Ya'ḳov (Israël : Site archéologique) --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO LIVBIOMO LIVMEDEC SPRINGER-B --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Fire --- Hearths, Prehistoric --- Tools, Prehistoric --- Fireplaces, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric fireplaces --- Prehistoric hearths --- Chemistry --- Combustion --- Heat --- Implements, Prehistoric --- Implements, utensils, etc., Prehistoric --- Prehistoric implements --- Prehistoric tools --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Paleolithic period, Lower --- Social aspects --- Israel --- Jordan River Valley --- Biḳʻat ha-Yarden --- Gesher Benot Ya'aqov Site (Israel) --- Antiquities. --- Antiquities

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Architecture domestique --- Peinture et décoration murales gréco-romaines --- Pompéi (Ville ancienne) --- Histoire --- Ouvrages illustrés --- Peinture et décoration murales gréco-romaines --- Pompéi (Ville ancienne) --- Ouvrages illustrés --- Antiquities --- Civilization --- Pompeii (Extinct city)

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In 2002 the multidisciplinary research project ˜ ˜Nasca: development and adaptation of archaeometric techniques for the investigation of cultural history'' (Nasca: Entwicklung und Adaption archa¨ometrischer Techniken zur Erforschung der Kulturgeschichte) started, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education andResearch(Bundesministerium fu¨r Bildung und Forschung, BMBF ) in its priority program ˜ ˜New scientific methods and technologies for the humanities'' (Neue Naturwissenschaftliche Methoden und Technologien fu¨r die Geisteswissenschaften, NTG). This new project continued and in a certain way fulfilled a lasting goal of the ministry to integrate different branches of scientific activities and to foster the transfer of expertise gained in natural sciences to the humanities and vice versa. Archaeometry, by definition the application of scientific methods in archaeological investigation, has been a major focus of the priority program since its beginnings in 1989. After funding numerous fruitful research projects that developed new archaeometric techniques mostly in bilateral cooperation, an even greater outcome was expected from a more multifaceted approach with the participation of various scientific disciplines around a well-defined, archaeological research topic. Furthermore, it was intended to establish a project outside the traditional research areas in central Europe or the Mediterranean. It was the great merit of the person formerly in charge of the BMBF priority program, Dr. Edgar Pusch, to develop these far-reaching perspectives and we are extremely grateful that after a rigorous screening our project among other interesting ones was selected for funding.

geofysica --- geografie --- archeologie --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- paleontologie --- Geophysics --- geophysics --- General palaeontology --- Geology. Earth sciences --- Archeology --- Archaeometry --- Nazca culture --- Archéométrie --- Culture de Nazca --- Peru --- Pérou --- Antiquities --- Antiquités --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVHUMAI SPRINGER-B --- Archaeological geology --- Archaeology --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Art --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Archaeogeology --- Geoarchaeology --- Geological archaeology --- Geology --- Methodology --- Nazca (Peru : Province) --- Palpa Region (Ica, Peru) --- Nasca (Peru : Province) --- Antiquities.

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An understanding of the uniquely human behavior of stone tool making tackles questions about hominins' ability to culturally transmit and expand their base of social and practical knowledge and their cognitive capacities for advanced planning. The appearance of stone tools has often been viewed as a threshold event, impacting directly and profoundly the later course of cultural and social evolution. Alternatively, it has been understood as a prelude to significant succeeding changes in behavioral, social and biological evolution of hominins. This book presents a series of recent enquiries into the technological and adaptive significance of Oldowan stone tools. While anchored in a long research tradition, these studies rely on recent discoveries and innovative analyses of the archaeological record of ca. 2.6 - 1.0 million years ago in Africa and Eurasia, dealing with the earliest lithic industries as manifestations of hominin adaptations and as expressions of hominin cognitive abilities.

archeologie --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- paleontologie --- Social sciences (general) --- General palaeontology --- sociale wetenschappen --- Archeology --- Stone age --- Prehistoric peoples --- Tools, Prehistoric --- Human evolution. --- Age de la pierre --- Homme préhistorique --- Outils préhistoriques --- Homme --- Evolution --- Africa --- Eurasia --- Afrique --- Eurasie --- Antiquities. --- Antiquités --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVHUMAI SPRINGER-B --- Human evolution --- Implements, Prehistoric --- Implements, utensils, etc., Prehistoric --- Prehistoric implements --- Prehistoric tools --- Civilization --- Cavemen (Prehistoric peoples) --- Early man --- Man, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric archaeology --- Prehistoric human beings --- Prehistoric humans --- Prehistory --- Human beings --- Antiquities, Prehistoric --- Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Evolutionary psychology --- Origin --- Primitive societies

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"Questions of identity have plagued the field of archaeology since its earliest antiquarian origins. The ability to discover, recover, or uncover a past culture required the assumption of a direct relationship between its material remains and social identity. Artifacts and architectural features alike have been conceptualized as "signatures" or "representations" of specific cultures – from the "Beaker People" of the European Neolithic to the "Georgian" world view of eighteenth century Colonial America. Thus, archaeologists have employed an explicitly material focus in their examinations of identity. Yet, as people move through life they continually shift affiliation from one position to another, dependent on the wider contexts of their interactions. Different forms of material culture may be employed as affiliations shift, and the connotations of any given set of artifacts may change. In this volume the authors explore these overlapping spheres of social affiliation. Social actors belong to multiple identity groups at any moment in their life. It is possible to deploy one or many potential labels in describing the identities of such an actor. Two main axes exist upon which we can plot experiences of social belonging -- the synchronic and the diachronic. Identities can be understood as multiple during one moment (or the extended moment of brief interaction), over the span of a lifetime, or over a specific historical trajectory." - from the Introduction The international group of contributions each illuminate how the various identifiers of race, ethnicity, sexuality, age, class, gender, personhood, health, and/or religion are part of both material expressions of social affiliations, and transient experiences of identity. The Archaeology of Plural and Changing Identities: Beyond Identification will be of great interest to archaeologists, anthropologists, historians, curators and other social scientists interested in the mutability of identification through material remains.

Archaeology and history. --- Social archaeology. --- Identity (Psychology) --- Personal identity --- Personality --- Self --- Ego (Psychology) --- Individuality --- Archaeology --- Historical archaeology --- History and archaeology --- History --- Methodology --- Anthropology/archaeometry. --- Archeologie. --- Archéologie et histoire. --- Archéologie sociale. --- Identiteit. --- Identity (psychology). --- Identité (psychologie). --- Social science --- Social sciences, general. --- Sociale identiteit. --- Archaeology. --- Anthropology. --- Human beings --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Antiquities --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences