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Cosmic rays are an essential part of the universe. Their origin is related to many important astrophysical processes, such as star formation, stellar evolution, supernova explosions and the state of interstellar matter in the Galaxy. Cosmic Ray Physics reviews our present knowledge of cosmic rays, describing how they are born in a wide range of cosmic processes, how they are accelerated and how they interact with matter, magnetic fields and radiation during their journey across the Galaxy. The book also describes the detection of cosmic rays, and the processes which take place, both at the top and within the Earth's atmosphere. The author also describes the very important area of the underground detection of very high energy cosmic rays and particles such as neutrinos. The book is divided into two parts, the first describing the standard model of cosmic rays and contemporary challenges, and the second part dealing with very high energy cosmic rays that cannot be detected directly in satellite and balloon experiments, and with gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy. It is in this particular aspect of the book that the greatest developments have taken place during the 5 years since the first edition was completed. Consequently, it is in the chapters cosmic ray showers, their spectrum, on high energy neutrinos, and on gamma-ray astronomy of this revised and updated 2nd edition that a considerable amount of new material has been incorporated with more minor revisions and updating taking place in the first part of the book. Students and lecturers of advanced undergraduate courses on cosmic rays and astroparticle physics as well as post graduates and researchers will continue to find this book a valuable source of learning and reference.

Physics. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Astrophysics. --- Quantum theory. --- Physique --- Astrophysique --- Théorie quantique --- Cosmic rays.

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What has prompted these remarkable developments ? Why have governments been persuaded to fund them ? What are scientists learning from astronomy's equivalent of the Human Genome Project ? This book traces the subject's history, explains why such enormous efforts are considered worthwhile, and interweaves these with a first-hand insight into the Hipparcos project, and how big science is conducted at an international level. The involvement of amateur astronomers, and the Hipparcos contributions to climate research, 'death stars' passing close to the Sun, and the search for extra-solar planets and even intelligent life itself, are some of the surprising facets of this unusual space mission

Physics. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Popular Science in Astronomy. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomy. --- Physique --- Astrophysique --- Astronomie --- Astronomy --- Astrometry. --- Astrométrie. --- Hipparcos (satellite artificiel) --- Cartography --- History --- Cartographie --- Histoire --- Hipparcos (Artificial satellite) --- Histoire. --- History. --- Astrométrie.

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Studies of Nearby Galaxies are currently the focus of many observations and numerical simulations. This book presents an overview of the galaxies within the Local Volume (D < 10 Mpc), including the Local Group (D < 1 Mpc) and our closest neighbours, the Andromeda Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. Presented are the latest results from radio, infrared and optical surveys as well as detailed multi-wavelength studies of individual galaxies. Accurate distances are now available for the majority of Local Volume galaxies providing a true 3-dimensional view of their distribution and flow pattern as well as their star formation.

Physics. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Astronomy. --- Astrophysics. --- Physique --- Astronomie --- Astrophysique --- Andromeda Galaxy -- Congresses. --- Interstellar matter -- Congresses. --- Local Group (Astronomy) -- Congresses. --- Triangulum Galaxy -- Congresses. --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astrophysics --- Galaxies --- Local Group (Astronomy) --- Local Group of galaxies --- Cosmology. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Space sciences. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Observations. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science

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Solar sailing is a topic of growing popular and media interest. Solar sail propulsion will make space exploration more affordable and offer access to destinations within (and beyond) the solar system that are currently beyond our reach. This book describes solar sails, how they work and what they will be used for in the exploration of space in an easily readable manner which does not necessitate any prior knowledge of physics or solar sailing. It discusses current plans for solar sails and also describes how advanced technology, such as nanotechnology, might enhance solar-sail performance. Much has been accomplished recently to make solar sail technology very close to becoming an engineering reality and it will soon be used by the world’s space agencies in the exploration of the solar system and beyond. The book has four parts, each with multiple chapters which, in turn, contain some references and suggested further reading. Parts 1 - 3 are non-mathematical, while Part 4 contains more detailed technical information.

Engineering. --- Aerospace Technology and Astronautics. --- Popular Science in Mathematics/Computer Science/Natural Science/Technology. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Astronomy. --- Astrophysics. --- Mathematics. --- Astronautics. --- Ingénierie --- Astronomie --- Astrophysique --- Mathématiques --- Astronautique --- Solar sails. --- Solar sails --- Aeronautics Engineering & Astronautics --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Space vehicles --- Propulsion systems. --- Interplanetary propulsion --- Space flight propulsion systems --- Space propulsion --- Photon sails --- Sails, Photon --- Sails, Solar --- Cosmology. --- Space sciences. --- Popular works. --- Aerospace engineering. --- Popular Science, general. --- Propulsion systems --- Science (General). --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Space sciences --- Aeronautics --- Astrodynamics --- Space flight --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Aeronautical engineering --- Astronautics --- Engineering

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Hinode is the Japanese mission for solar physics with contributions from NASA and ESA. This work gives a comprehensive description of the Hinode mission and instruments onboard. It is suitable for researchers and graduate students working in the field of solar physics and space instrumentation.

Physics. --- Astrophysics. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Astronomy. --- Physique --- Astronomie --- Astrophysique --- Artificial satellites -- Japan. --- Artificial satellites --Sun. --- Hinode (Artificial satellite). --- Solar-B Mission (Project). --- Sun -- Observations. --- Sun. --- Artificial satellites --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Mechanical Engineering --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Aeronautics Engineering & Astronautics --- Astrophysics --- X-ray telescopes --- Solar telescopes --- Telescope, Solar --- X-ray telescope --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Space sciences. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Observations. --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Telescopes --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Solar-B Mission (Project)