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"A fascinating set of reviews, many of theoretical interest or practical import. 21st Century neurobiology will concentrate on modulating arousal states, as examined in this book. Further, the subject is amenable to thorough genetic analysis, this providing a useful output for modern molecular neurobiology." Donald W. Pfaff, Ph.D., The Rockefeller University "Sleep is an essential biological activity that is intimately connected to the neuroendocrine, autonomic and immune systems of the body. Written by an international cadre of researchers, this timely volume gives an up-to-date summary of the reciprocal influences of sleep-waking activity on neuroendocrine, autonomic and immune function. Chapters in this volume discuss the many mediators involved in sleep regulation, the consequences of sleep deprivation and shift work and dysregulation of neuroendocrine function in sleep-related disorders, among other topics. It should be a valuable resource for basic and clinical researchers." Bruce S. McEwen, Ph.D., The Rockefeller University Neuroendocrine Correlates of Sleep/Wakefulness emerges from three well-established disciplines - neuroendocrinology, neurochemistry of sleep/wakefulness, and sleep medicine...The readers will find also in depth information on neuroendocrine and behavioral correlates of sleep deprivation, circadian rhythms, affective disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome and infectious diseases. Daniel P. Cardinali and S.R. Pandi-Perumal have edited a book that is clear, comprehensive, well balanced and remarkably complete. This volume will be of interest to a wide circle of readers including neuroendocrinologists, neurologists, psychiatrists psychologists and sleep medicine specialists who evaluate and/or treat patients with sleep disorders. Jaime M. Monti, M.D., Clinics Hospital, School of Medicine " When I first saw the title of this scholarly, up-to-date, and comprehensive multi-author book on the Neuroendocrine Correlates of Sleep and Wakefulness , I could not but think of a 400 BCE tome similarly entitled On Sleep and Sleeplessness, by Aristotle. How far has science gone in understanding the mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness and the pivotal physiologic and pathologic roles of sleep? Sleep and wakefulness constitute major homeostatic systems, whose proper function is crucial to the health and happiness of the individual. Both systems operate at the intersection of the nervous, endocrine, metabolic and immune systems, and their homeostatic mediators include all kinds of molecules, such as neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, hormones and cytokines. This book succeeds in providing, to large extent, the state-of the-art robust knowledge in this important area of science and medicine". George P. Chrousos, M.D., University of Athens, Athens and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD.

Sleep --- Wakefulness --- Neuropharmacology. --- Endocrine aspects. --- Nervous system --- Neurotropic drugs --- Sleeplessness --- Sleeping --- Slumber --- Drug effects --- Effect of drugs on --- Neuroendocrinology. --- Sleep -- Endocrine aspects. --- Sleep -- Physiology. --- Wakefulness -- Endocrine aspects. --- Wakefulness -- Physiology. --- Neuropharmacology --- Neuroendocrinology --- Medicine. --- Human physiology. --- Neurosciences. --- Endocrinology. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Physiology. --- Neurosciences --- Pharmacology --- Arousal (Physiology) --- Consciousness --- Sleep-wake cycle --- Health --- Psychophysiology --- Rest --- Subconsciousness --- Dreams --- Hypnagogia

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Endocrine disruption represents one of the most controversial environmental issues of our time. Mounting evidence stemming from more than 10 years of experimental, epidemiological and clinical studies has transformed the once generally discounted subject of endocrine disruptors into an issue of tremendous concern not only within the scientific community but among society as a whole.  Following initial evidence from basic research, endocrine disruption in humans has now emerged as a major medical challenge.  In this respect, puberty, a crucial developmental stage, has been definitively identified as a key window of vulnerability with regard to endocrine disruptors.  Written by leading authorities in the field, Endocrine Disruptors and Puberty offers an engaging and comprehensive overview of this fascinating and rapidly growing problem.  An indispensable resource for all clinicians and scientists interested in this challenging endocrinologic topic, Endocrine Disruptors and Puberty is a timely contribution that will help navigate a path toward understanding the problem and developing solutions. 

Histology. Cytology --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Oncology. Neoplasms --- Pathological endocrinology --- Human medicine --- farmacologie --- geneeskunde --- endocrinologie --- toxicologie --- puberteit --- oncologie --- cytologie --- histologie --- Endocrine Disruptors --- Environmental Exposure --- Environmental Pollutants --- Puberty --- Endocrine disrupting chemicals. --- Endocrine toxicology. --- Reproductive toxicology. --- Adolescent medicine. --- Perturbateurs endocriniens --- Toxicologie endocrinienne --- Toxicologie de la reproduction --- Médecine de l'adolescence --- adverse effects. --- drug effects. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVMEDEC SPRINGER-B

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I have always been interested in chemistry and biology. My undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral trainings in pharmacy, medicinal chemistry and pharmacology, respectively, have strengthened this interest and led me to realize that significant advances in medicine have frequently been realized because of research at the chem- try–biology interface. I am hoping that this comprehensive volume on recent advances in bioactivation research will stimulate pharmacologists, medicinal chemists, phar- ceutical scientists, and graduate students in these fields and related areas to consider and use bioactivation research when they explore and chart new frontiers in drug design and drug development and when they consider ways to reduce the side effects of existing drugs by making prodrugs. As for the toxicologists and environmental health scientists, I hope this volume will help them generate the knowledge needed to understand better mechanisms of toxicity to improve human risk assessments and intervention methods after occupational or environmental exposure to various hazardous chemicals. Adnan A. Elfarra, Ph. D. vii Part I General Concepts and Basic Mechanisms 1 Metabolic Concerns in Drug Design Jeffrey P. Jones Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA e-mail: jpj@wsu. edu Keywords: Cytochrome P450 Aldehyde Oxidase Drug–Drug Interactions Mechanism-based Virtual Screening ADMET Regioselectivity 1. 1. Introduction Due to recent technological innovations, such as genomics, combinatorial chemistry, and high-throughput screening, the identification of disease targets and of compounds that are active against these targets (‘‘leads’’) can now be carried out efficiently.

Biomedicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Immunology. --- Medicine. --- Toxicology. --- Médecine --- Immunologie --- Toxicologie --- Biotransformation (Metabolism). --- Biotransformation. --- Drug activation. --- Biotransformation (Metabolism) --- Drug activation --- Pharmacological Processes --- Metabolism --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Pharmacological Phenomena --- Physiological Processes --- Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biotransformation --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Activation, Metabolic --- Bioactivation (Metabolism) --- Biodegradation (Metabolism) --- Metabolic activation --- Activation of drugs --- Drugs --- Activation --- Pharmacology. --- Pharmacology --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Toxicology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect

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In this third edition of Cytochrome P450: Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry, Dr. Paul Ortiz de Montellano has brought together a group of new authors as well as authors from previous editions to produce a timely volume that will be of considerable interest to a broad array of P450 researchers. The explosion of discovery of CYP (cytochrome P450) genes through genome analysis—more than 3500 to date—provides the more than 10,000 scientists around the world who study these monooxygenases a rich source of interesting and important research problems. Many have remained central elements over the 18 years that span the three editions of this book, including mechanisms of catalysis, oxygen activation and inhibition, gene regulation, and P450 structure. Each new edition updates our knowledge of such central issues in the study of P450s, emphasizing the timeliness of this newest volume. In this newest edition, we find that the newest discussion of P450 structure includes information of bacterial (soluble) P450s interwoven with that of eukaryotic (membrane bound) of this superfamily, highlighting the newest developments in this area. The complete battery of human P450s is now known and summarized in the new edition. In addition, general overviews of plant P450s and those from microbes contained within this newest edition provide a broader view of P450 diversity than seen in earlier editions. Each of these three editions should be on bookshelves of laboratories studying P450s. The third edition of Cytochrome P450: Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry provides an opportunity to judge progress in many key areas of P450 research while at the same time learn of new directions in the field. It is an excellent and most useful volume. Dr. Michael R. Waterman, Ph.D., Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN The third edition of Cytochrome P450: Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry provides an exceptionally fine summary of our present knowledge of the remarkable hemoprotein often called "nature’s most versatile biological catalyst." Edited by Paul Ortiz de Montellano, with chapters by many of the world’s experts in this rapidly developing field, this edition includes major advances in the past decade such as the crystal structure of membrane-bound forms of the enzyme and evidence for multiple species of activated oxygen, based in part on the use of radical clocks and computational approaches. The sequences of several thousand P450s are now known, and recent progress in understanding the properties and functions of those in the microbial and plant worlds, as well as the better known mammalian isozymes, is now included. The versatility of cytochrome P450 includes the ability to metabolize innumerable substrates of both physiological and xenobiotic importance, and to be markedly altered in activity by a wide variety of inducers and inhibitors. Accordingly, this new edition will be invaluable to scientists in fields as diverse as biochemistry, chemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, pharmacology, and toxicology. M. J. Coon, Victor C. Vaughan Distinguished University Professor of Biological Chemistry, Emeritus, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.

biochemie --- General biochemistry --- toxicologie --- cytochromen --- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System --- Amino Acid Sequence. --- Molecular Sequence Data. --- Citocromo p-450. --- Enzimas. --- Cytochrome P-450. --- Metalloenzymes. --- Cytochrome P-450 --- Métallo-enzymes --- chemistry. --- physiology. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVMEDEC SPRINGER-B --- Pharmacy. --- Biochemistry. --- Toxicology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Medicine --- Drugs --- Materia medica --- Pharmacology --- Chemicals --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Composition --- Toxicology --- Pharmacology. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect

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This book documents the consequences of the exposure of infants to the influence of intrauterine chemicals. In setting out the evidence for these outcomes, the authors demonstrate that decisions about care and management can and should be made as early as possible. This should allow professionals to provide protective management and prevent the delays that are so often seen in this area of medical and social care.The international team of contributors sets out to inform the reader of the potential risks to infants exposed to a range of intrauterine chemicals that are potentially neuroactive, including medicinal drugs such as antiepileptics, antidepressants and antipsychotics, as well as drugs of abuse, including alcohol, opiates, and recreational drugs such as cannabis and tobacco. They review the teratogenic action of some of the chemical processes and the relationship of exposure to the stage of pregnancy. Some agents alter anatomic structure; others alter the chemical balance of neurotransmitters and may thus alter the regulation of brain function, with profound effects on the child?s behaviour and propensity to behavioural disturbances. The book explores strategies to support these children and those who care for them, including statutory agencies.

Zwangerschap en geneesmiddelen --- Verslaving --- Drugs --- Alcoholisme --- Geneesmiddelen --- Kinderen --- Alcoholism in pregnancy. --- Drug abuse in pregnancy. --- Fetus --- Pregnant women --- Smoking in pregnancy --- Expectant mothers --- Gravida --- Mothers --- Pregnancy --- Women --- Tobacco --- Fetal pharmacology --- Fetus, Effect of drugs on the --- Perinatal pharmacology --- Prenatal alcohol abuse --- Substance abuse in pregnancy --- Obstetrical pharmacology --- Effect of drugs on. --- Effect of tobacco on. --- Alcohol use. --- Drug use. --- Tobacco use. --- Smoking effects --- Physiological effect --- Drug effects --- Geneesmiddel --- Kind --- Gokken --- Internet --- Jeugd --- Media --- Ontwikkelingsstoornis --- Fysiotherapie