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The Second International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Appli- tions (ADMA) aimed at establishing its identity in the research community. The theme of ADMA is to focus on the innovative applications of data mining approaches to real-world problems that involve large data sets, incomplete and noisy data, or demand optimal solutions. Data mining is essentially a problem involving di?erent knowledge of data, algorithms, and application domains. The ?rst is about data that are regarded as the ?rst-class citizens  in application systemdevelopment. Understandingdataisalwayscritical:theirstructures,high dimensionality, and their quali?cation and quanti?cation issues. The second is about algorithms: their e?ectiveness, e?ciency, scalability, and their applicab- ity. Amongst a variety of applicable algorithms, selecting a right one to deal with a speci?c problem is always a challenge that demands contributions from the data mining research community. The third is on domain knowledge of - plications. Without a good understanding of domain knowledge, data mining process is hardly able to avoid the GIGO (garbage in and garbage out) e?ect. ADMA 2006 received 515 online submissions from 27 countries and regions. A screening process was applied before papers were assigned to reviewers. This eliminatedapproximately5%ofpaperswhichwerenotrelevantornotworthyfor review. The rest of papers were peer reviewed by at least three reviewers c- sisting of international Program Committee members and external reviewers. We ?nally accepted 115 papers including 41 regular papers and 74 short papers, yielding a total acceptance rate of 22. 3%.

Office management --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- data mining --- informatica --- bedrijfsadministratie --- informatiesystemen --- medische informatica --- database management --- software engineering --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- robots --- AI (artificiële intelligentie)

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Filtering is the science of nding the law of a process given a partial observation of it. The main objects we study here are di usion processes. These are naturally associated with second-order linear di erential operators which are semi-elliptic and so introduce a possibly degenerate Riemannian structure on the state space. In fact, much of what we discuss is simply about two such operators intertwined by a smooth map, the projection from the state space to the observations space", and does not involve any stochastic analysis. From the point of view of stochastic processes, our purpose is to present and to study the underlying geometric structure which allows us to perform the ltering in a Markovian framework with the resulting conditional law being that of a Markov process which is time inhomogeneous in general. This geometry is determined by the symbol of the operator on the state space which projects to a symbol on the observation space. The projectible symbol induces a (possibly non-linear and partially de ned) connection which lifts the observation process to the state space and gives a decomposition of the operator on the state space and of the noise. As is standard we can recover the classical ltering theory in which the observations are not usually Markovian by application of the Girsanov- Maruyama-Cameron-Martin Theorem. This structure we have is examined in relation to a number of geometrical topics.

Algebraic geometry --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Operational research. Game theory --- Numerical analysis --- Probability theory --- Mathematics --- topologie (wiskunde) --- differentiaal geometrie --- waarschijnlijkheidstheorie --- stochastische analyse --- statistiek --- wiskunde --- kansrekening --- geometrie --- numerieke analyse

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This volume contains the proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (ADMA 2009), held in Beijing, China, during August 17-19, 2009. We are pleased to have a very strong program. Acceptance into the conference proceedings was extremely competitive. From the 322 submissions from 27 countries and regions, the Program Committee selected 34 full papers and 47 short papers for presentation at the conference and inclusion in the proceedings. The c- tributed papers cover a wide range of data mining topics and a diverse spectrum of interesting applications. The Program Committee worked very hard to select these papers through a rigorous review process and extensive discussion, and finally c- posed a diverse and exciting program for ADMA 2009. An important feature of the main program was the truly outstanding keynote spe- ers program. Edward Y. Chang, Director of Research, Google China, gave a talk titled "Confucius and 'Its' Intelligent Disciples". Being right in the forefront of data mining applications to the world's largest knowledge and data base, the Web, Dr. Chang - scribed how Google's Knowledge Search product help to improve the scalability of machine learning for Web-scale applications. Charles X. Ling, a seasoned researcher in data mining from the University of Western Ontario, Canada, talked about his in- vative applications of data mining and artificial intelligence to gifted child education.

Mathematical statistics --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- patroonherkenning --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- IR (information retrieval) --- factoranalyse --- data mining --- informatiesystemen --- database management --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- robots

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This book, i. e. , LNAI vol. 4223, is the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD 2006), jointly held with the Second International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC 2006, LNCS vols. 4221 and 4222) during September 24 - 28, 2006 in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. FSKD 2006 successfully attracted 1274 submissions from 35 countries/regions(the joint ICNC-FSKD 2006received3189submissions). After rigorous reviews, 165 high-quality papers, i. e. , 115 long papers and 50 short papers,wereincludedintheFSKD2006proceedings,representinganacceptance rate of 13. 0%. ICNC-FSKD 2006 featured the most up-to-date research results in com- tational algorithms inspired from nature, including biological, ecological, and physical systems. It is an exciting and emerging interdisciplinary area in which a wide rangeof techniques and methods arebeing studied for dealing with large, complex, and dynamic problems. The joint conferences also promoted cro- fertilization over these exciting and yet closely related areas, which had a s- ni?cant impact on the advancement of these important technologies. Speci?c areas included neural computation, quantum computation, evolutionarycom- tation, DNA computation, fuzzy computation, granular computation, arti?cial life, etc. , with innovative applications to knowledge discovery, ?nance, ope- tions research, and more. In addition to the large number of submitted papers, we were honored with the presence of six renowned keynote speakers.

Mathematical logic --- Complex analysis --- Computer science --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- beeldverwerking --- complexe analyse (wiskunde) --- informatica --- database management --- wiskunde --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- logica --- robots

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The Second International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Appli- tions (ADMA) aimed at establishing its identity in the research community. The theme of ADMA is to focus on the innovative applications of data mining approaches to real-world problems that involve large data sets, incomplete and noisy data, or demand optimal solutions. Data mining is essentially a problem involving di?erent knowledge of data, algorithms, and application domains. The ?rst is about data that are regarded as the ?rst-class citizens  in application systemdevelopment. Understandingdataisalwayscritical:theirstructures,high dimensionality, and their quali?cation and quanti?cation issues. The second is about algorithms: their e?ectiveness, e?ciency, scalability, and their applicab- ity. Amongst a variety of applicable algorithms, selecting a right one to deal with a speci?c problem is always a challenge that demands contributions from the data mining research community. The third is on domain knowledge of - plications. Without a good understanding of domain knowledge, data mining process is hardly able to avoid the GIGO (garbage in and garbage out) e?ect. ADMA 2006 received 515 online submissions from 27 countries and regions. A screening process was applied before papers were assigned to reviewers. This eliminatedapproximately5%ofpaperswhichwerenotrelevantornotworthyfor review. The rest of papers were peer reviewed by at least three reviewers c- sisting of international Program Committee members and external reviewers. We ?nally accepted 115 papers including 41 regular papers and 74 short papers, yielding a total acceptance rate of 22. 3%.

Office management --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- data mining --- informatica --- bedrijfsadministratie --- informatiesystemen --- medische informatica --- database management --- software engineering --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- robots