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"Turning Points: The Nature of Creativity" discusses theories and methods focusing on a critical concept of intellectual turning points in the context of critical thinking, scientific discovery, and problem solving in general. This book introduces a novel analytical and experimental system that provides not only new ways for retrospective studies of scientific change but also for characterizing transformative potentials of prospective scientific contributions. The book is intended for scientists and researchers in the fields of information science and computer science. Dr. Chaomei Chen is an Associate Professor at the College of Information Science and Technology, Drexel University, USA.

Library management --- Documentation and information --- Multidisciplinary collective works --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy of science --- Didactics of sciences --- Information systems --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- wetenschapsleer --- epistomologie --- informatiesystemen --- creativiteit --- bibliotheekwezen

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This pioneering book deals specifically with the visualization of the Second-Generation Web. Now in its second edition it has been completely revised and updated, and includes extensive new material. It focuses on key topics including: ¢ Visualization of semantic and structural information and metadata in the context of the emerging Semantic Web ¢ Ontology-based information visualization and the use of graphically represented ontologies ¢ Semantic visualizations using topic maps and graph techniques ¢ Web Services, e-commerce and web search applications ¢ Recommender systems for filtering and recommending on the Semantic Web ¢ SVG and X3D as new XML-based languages for 2D and 3D visualisations ¢ Methods used to construct and visualize high quality metadata and ontologies ¢ Navigating and exploring XML documents using interactive multimedia interfaces ¢ The use of semantic association networks as well as social networks on the Second-Generation Web ¢ Semantically enhanced solutions for the medical community ¢ Semantic-oriented use of existing visualization methods The design of visual interfaces for e-commerce and information retrieval is currently a challenging area of practical web development. Most of the techniques and methods discussed can be applied now, making this book essential reading for web developers and end users as well as visualisation researchers.

Mathematical statistics --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- patroonherkenning --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- factoranalyse --- grafische vormgeving --- informatica --- multimedia --- informatiesystemen --- XML (extensible markup language)