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Prices -- Great Britain --- Accounting and price fluctuations
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Mushet, Robert, -- 1782-1828 -- Series of tables exhibiting the gain and loss to the fundholder arising from the fluctuations in the value of the currency .. --- Currency question -- Great Britain --- Debts, Public -- Great Britain --- Finance, Public -- Great Britain -- History -- 1815-1918
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"Born of a unique five-year collaboration among citizens' groups, developing country governments, and the World Bank, this book represents the most comprehensive, real-life assessment of the actual impacts of the liberalization, deregulation, privatization and austerity policies that constitute structural adjustment programmes. Its authors, the members of the Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network (SAPRIN) that engaged the World Bank's president in this ambitious and highly participatory endeavour, present the concrete consequences of these policies." "The stark conclusion emerges: if there is to be any hope for meaningful development in the countries of the South and for the sustained reduction of poverty and inequality, the Western-inspired and imposed doctrines of structural adjustment and neoliberal economics must go."--Jacket.
Economic policy and planning (general) --- Business cycles --- Income distribution --- Poverty --- Structural adjustment (Economic policy) --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Economic cycles --- Economic fluctuations --- Cycles --- Economic policy --- Development economics & emerging economies --- Development studies
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Climate change is a major challenge for us all, but for African countries it represents a particular threat. This book outlines current thinking and evidence and the impact such change will have on Africa's development prospects.
Climatic changes --- Environmental policy --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Environmental aspects --- Africa --- Climate. --- Developing countries: agricultural and food problems --- Meteorology. Climatology --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Global environmental change --- Social impact of environmental issues
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"A rich compendium or real-life scenarios of how the world's poor are suffeing from, but also coping with, climate change today. Drawing on case studies gathered by Up in Smoke - a powerful coalition of global environment and development organizations, including Greenpeace, Oxfam, Practical Action and WWF - this book provides new models for human development in a climate-change-constrained future, while also providing proposals for tackling climate change at the macro-level."
Climatic changes. --- Climatic changes --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Environmental aspects. --- Environmental aspects --- Economic development --- Eco-development --- Ecodevelopment --- E-books --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Global environmental change --- Development studies
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Dagomar Degroot offers the first detailed analysis of how a society thrived amid the Little Ice Age, a period of climatic cooling that reached its chilliest point between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The precocious economy, unusual environment, and dynamic intellectual culture of the Dutch Republic in its seventeenth-century Golden Age allowed it to thrive as neighboring societies unraveled in the face of extremes in temperature and precipitation. By tracing the occasionally counterintuitive manifestations of climate change from global to local scales, Degroot finds that the Little Ice Age presented not only challenges for Dutch citizens but also opportunities that they aggressively exploited in conducting commerce, waging war, and creating culture. The overall success of their Republic in coping with climate change offers lessons that we would be wise to heed today, as we confront the growing crisis of global warming.
History of the Netherlands --- anno 1500-1799 --- Climatic changes --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- History --- Environmental aspects --- Netherlands --- climate --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Climate --- Climatic changes - Netherlands --- Netherlands - Climate - History - 17th century --- Netherlands - History - Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648 --- Netherlands - History - 1648-1714 --- Global environmental change
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Developed fifty years ago by the National Bureau of Economic Research, the analytic methods of business cycles and economic indicators enable economists to forecast economic trends by examining the repetitive sequences that occur in business cycles. The methodology has proven to be an inexpensive and useful tool that is now used extensively throughout the world. In recent years, however, significant new developments have emerged in the field of business cycles and economic indicators. This volume contains twenty-two articles by international experts who are working with new and innovative approaches to indicator research. They cover advances in three broad areas of research: the use of new developments in economic theory and time-series analysis to rationalise existing systems of indicators; more appropriate methods to evaluate the forecasting records of leading indicators, particularly of turning point probability; and the development of new indicators.
Quantitative methods (economics) --- Business cycles --- Economic forecasting --- Economic indicators --- AA / International- internationaal --- 331.061 --- 305.2 --- Conference held at Albany in May 1987. --- NBB congres --- 330.0112 --- Economics --- Forecasting --- Economische vooruitzichten. --- Statistieken van de conjunctuur. --- Conferences - Meetings --- Business cycles. --- Economic forecasting. --- Economic indicators. --- Conference held at Albany in May 1987 --- Business indicators --- Indicators, Business --- Indicators, Economic --- Leading indicators --- Economic history --- Quality of life --- Index numbers (Economics) --- Social indicators --- Economic cycles --- Economic fluctuations --- Cycles --- Statistieken van de conjunctuur --- Economische vooruitzichten --- Business, Economy and Management --- indicateurs conjoncturels --- conjunctuurindicatoren
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The macroeconomic development of most major industrial economies is characterised by boom-bust cycles. Normally such boom-bust cycles are driven by specific sectors of the economy. In the financial meltdown of the years 2007-9 it was the credit sector and the real-estate sector that were the main driving forces. This book takes on the challenge of interpreting and modelling this meltdown. In doing so it revives the traditional Keynesian approach to the financial-real economy interaction and the business cycle, extending it in several important ways. In particular, it adopts the Keynesian view of a hierarchy of markets and introduces a detailed financial sector into the traditional Keynesian framework. The approach of the book goes beyond the currently dominant paradigm based on the representative agent, market clearing and rational economic agents. Instead it proposes an economy populated with heterogeneous, rationally bounded agents attempting to cope with disequilibria in various markets.
Macroeconomics --- Money market. Capital market --- Business cycles --- Financial crises --- Keynesian economics --- 330.9 --- 330.3 --- 331.030 --- 331.05 --- 333.81 --- AA / International- internationaal --- Economics --- Post-Keynesian economics --- Schools of economics --- Crashes, Financial --- Crises, Financial --- Financial crashes --- Financial panics --- Panics (Finance) --- Stock exchange crashes --- Stock market panics --- Crises --- Economic cycles --- Economic fluctuations --- Cycles --- Methode in staathuishoudkunde. Statische, dynamische economie. Modellen. Experimental economics --- Conjunctuurschommelingen: algemeenheden --- Econometrische analyse van de economische bewegingen en cycli --- Algemene evolutie van de kapitaalmarkt --- Macroeconomics. --- Business cycles. --- Financial crises. --- Keynesian economics. --- Business, Economy and Management
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In the fourteenth century the Old World witnessed a series of profound and abrupt changes in the trajectory of long-established historical trends. Transcontinental networks of exchange fractured and an era of economic contraction and demographic decline dawned from which Latin Christendom would not begin to emerge until its voyages of discovery at the end of the fifteenth century. In a major new study of this 'Great Transition', Bruce Campbell assesses the contributions of commercial recession, war, climate change, and eruption of the Black Death to a far-reaching reversal of fortunes from which no part of Eurasia was spared. The book synthesises a wealth of new historical, palaeo-ecological and biological evidence, including estimates of national income, reconstructions of past climates, and genetic analysis of DNA extracted from the teeth of plague victims, to provide a fresh account of the creation, collapse and realignment of Western Europe's late medieval commercial economy.
Economic history --- Social history --- Europe --- History --- History of Europe --- anno 1200-1499 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Sozialer Wandel. --- Klimaänderung. --- Wirtschaftsentwicklung. --- Krieg. --- Bevölkerungsentwicklung. --- Epidemie. --- Europa. --- NATURE / General. --- Social change --- Climatic changes --- Human ecology --- Black Death --- Diseases --- War and society --- Changement social --- Ecologie humaine --- Guerre et société --- Social aspects --- Economic aspects --- History. --- Histoire --- Social conditions --- Economic conditions --- Conditions sociales --- Conditions économiques --- Climat --- Peste noire --- Maladies --- Changements --- Aspect social --- Aspect économique --- Guerre et société --- Aspect économique --- Conditions économiques --- Black death --- Society and war --- War --- Sociology --- Civilians in war --- Sociology, Military --- Human beings --- Illness --- Illnesses --- Morbidity --- Sickness --- Sicknesses --- Medicine --- Epidemiology --- Health --- Pathology --- Sick --- Epidemics --- Medicine, Medieval --- Plague --- Ecology --- Environment, Human --- Human environment --- Ecological engineering --- Human geography --- Nature --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Global environmental change --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social evolution --- Effect of environment on --- Effect of human beings on --- Environmental aspects --- Social change - Europe - History - To 1500. --- Climatic changes - Social aspects - Europe - History - To 1500. --- Climatic changes - Economic aspects - Europe - History - To 1500. --- Human ecology - Europe - History - To 1500. --- Black death - Europe - History. --- Diseases - Social aspects - Europe - History - To 1500. --- War and society - Europe - History - To 1500. --- Europe - History - 476-1492. --- Europe - Social conditions - To 1492. --- Europe - Economic conditions - To 1492.
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The Climate of Rebellion in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire explores the serious and far-reaching impacts of Little Ice Age climate fluctuations in Ottoman lands. This study demonstrates how imperial systems of provisioning and settlement that defined Ottoman power in the 1500s came unraveled in the face of ecological pressures and extreme cold and drought, leading to the outbreak of the destructive Celali Rebellion (1595-1610). This rebellion marked a turning point in Ottoman fortunes, as a combination of ongoing Little Ice Age climate events, nomad incursions and rural disorder postponed Ottoman recovery over the following century, with enduring impacts on the region's population, land use and economy.
History of Southern Europe --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1400-1499 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Turkey --- Climatic changes --- Social change --- Social conflict --- Natural resources --- Class conflict --- Class struggle --- Conflict, Social --- Social tensions --- Interpersonal conflict --- Social psychology --- Sociology --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Social aspects&delete& --- History --- Management&delete& --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turechchyna --- Tyrkia --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Tourkia --- TC --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Turkiet --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Republic of Turkey --- תורכיה --- Turkiyah --- Turkyah --- Tunkī --- République turque --- Tʻŏkʻi --- Anatolia --- Asia Minor --- Anatolie --- Republic of Türkiye --- Asia Minore --- Ottoman Empire --- Republik Türkei --- Tureuki --- Turkye --- Republiek van Turkye --- Türkei --- Turcland --- تركيا --- Turkiyā --- جمهورية التركية --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Turquía --- Republica de Turquía --- Turchia --- Tuykia --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turki --- Républik Turki --- Tȯrkiă --- Турцыя --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tiakei --- Torkėjė --- Turkia --- Republik Turkia --- Турция --- Република Турция --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turska --- Republika Turska --- Tū-ī-gì --- Turecko --- Turecká republika --- Tëreckô --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Турци --- Turt︠s︡i --- Турци Республики --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Twrci --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Tyrkiet --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Turkojska --- Republika Turkojska --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Turchî --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Turkio --- Turkujo --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- République de Turquie --- Turkije --- Tuirc --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Turkee --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Thú-ngí-khì --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tureke --- Turkowska --- Turcia --- Турк --- Turk --- Турчы Республикæ --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Tyrkland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Repubblica di Turchia --- טורקיה --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Тюрк --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Тюрк Республика --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Turukiya --- Uturuki --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Tiki --- Tirkiye --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Tierkei --- Republik Tierkei --- Turkija --- Turkieë --- Törkieë --- Buturuki --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Törökország --- Török Köztársaság --- Турција --- Република Турција --- Republika Turcija --- Whenua Korukoru --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Туркамастор --- Turkamastor --- Туркань республиксь --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Republiek Turkije --- トルコ --- Toruko --- トルコ共和国 --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Turkii --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Turtchie --- Турций --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Тюркия --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Тюркия Республика --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Teki --- Törkie --- Turcja --- Republika Turcji --- República da Turquia --- Republica Turcia --- Republika Turkiya --- Turkya --- Turkiya Republika --- Турція --- Турецка Республіка --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Турецкая Республика --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Turkäi --- Republik Turkäi --- Turqia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Thekhi --- Turcyjo --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turcyje --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Turkiyakondre --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- Турска --- Република Турска --- Turkki --- Turkin tasavalta --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Tturk --- Tagduda n Tturk --- Turchie --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Туреччина --- Турецька Республіка --- Republica de Turchia --- Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Cộng hoà Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Türkän --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- 土耳其 --- Tu'erqi --- Turkeye --- Republiek Turkeye --- Turkeya --- Tirki --- Republik bu Tirki --- טערקיי --- Ṭerḳay --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Tırkiya --- 土耳其共和國 --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Ānātūlī --- Environmental conditions. --- Climate --- History. --- Population --- National resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Economic aspects --- Environmental aspects --- Social aspects --- Management --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Турций --- Environmental conditions --- Global environmental change --- Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918 --- Arts and Humanities --- Climatic changes - Social aspects - Turkey - History --- Social change - Turkey - History --- Social conflict - Turkey - History --- Natural resources - Turkey - History --- Natural resources - Turkey - Management - History --- Turkey - History - Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918 --- Turkey - Environmental conditions --- Turkey - Climate - History --- Turkey - Population - History
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