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This book examines the Danish Empire, which for over four hundred years stretched from Northern Norway to Hamburg and was feared by small German principalities to the South. Evolving over time, it has included most of Scandinavia and the North Atlantic, has shifted from a Western orientation under the Vikings to an Eastern one in the Middle Ages, and from a North Sea Empire to a Baltic Empire. From the seventeenth to the early twentieth century, it comprised small overseas colonies in India, Africa and the Caribbean. Exploring the rise and fall of Denmark's Kingdom, from 9 AD to the present, this textbook considers how such vast empires were kept together through ideology and symbols, military force, transport systems and networks of civil servants. The authors demonstrate how the lands under Danish rule included a variety of religious groups, social and economic structures, law systems, and ethnic and linguistic groups. They also consider the economic and ideological benefit of an empire structure in comparison to a nation state. Providing a detailed overview of the long history of the Danish Empire, whilst also confronting current debate and providing novel interpretations, this book offers an original, imperial and multi-territorial perspective on the history of the Danish state, providing essential reading for students of Danish or Scandinavian history and European or Global empires. Michael Bregnsbo is Associate Professor of Early Modern and Modern History at the University of Southern Denmark at Odense. He is a specialist in the history of Danish state formation and Danish absolutism. Kurt Villads Jensen is Professor of Medieval History at Stockholm University in Sweden. Having previously worked at the University of Southern Denmark, he is a specialist in crusading history and cultural encounters in the Middle Ages. His publications include Crusading at the Edge of Europe (2017).

International relations. Foreign policy --- History --- History of Europe --- imperialisme --- Europese geschiedenis --- middeleeuwen --- kolonialisme --- anno 500-1499 --- Europe

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Complex analysis --- Computer science --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- toegepaste informatica --- complexe analyse (wiskunde) --- vormgeving --- informatica --- simulaties --- software engineering --- computernetwerken

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Development aid. Development cooperation --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Mekong --- Zambezi

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These Transactions publish archival papers in the broad area of Petri nets and other models of concurrency, ranging from theoretical work to tool support and industrial applications. ToPNoC issues are published as LNCS volumes, and hence are widely distributed and indexed. This Journal has its own Editorial Board which selects papers based on a rigorous two-stage refereeing process. ToPNoC contains: - Revised versions of a selection of the best papers from workshops and tutorials at the annual Petri net conferences - Special sections/issues within particular subareas (similar to those published in the Advances in Petri Nets series) - Other papers invited for publication in ToPNoC - Papers submitted directly to ToPNoC by their authors The fourth volume of ToPNoC contains revised and extended versions of a selection of the best papers from the workshops held at the 30th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency and from the 10th Workshop and Tutorial on Practical Use of Coloured Petri Nets and the CPN Tools. The nine papers provide good coverage of a diverse range of topics including workflow systems, model checking, agent-based software systems, the state explosion problem, structure theory for Petri nets, and modal logics. ˜The volume presents a good mixture of theory, tools, and practical applications related to concurrency and gives a useful snapshot of current research.

Complex analysis --- Computer science --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- toegepaste informatica --- complexe analyse (wiskunde) --- vormgeving --- computers --- informatica --- mineralen (chemie) --- simulaties --- mijnbouw --- software engineering --- algoritmen --- computernetwerken

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Complex analysis --- Computer science --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- toegepaste informatica --- complexe analyse (wiskunde) --- vormgeving --- informatica --- simulaties --- software engineering --- informatica management