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This successful book gives an introduction to the basics of aerothermodynamics, as applied in particular to winged re-entry vehicles and airbreathing hypersonic cruise and acceleration vehicles. The book gives a review of the issues of transport of momentum, energy and mass, real-gas effects as well as inviscid and viscous flow phenomena. In this second, revised edition the chapters with the classical topics of aerothermodynamics more or less were left untouched. The access to some single topics of practical interest was improved. Auxiliary chapters were put into an appendix. The recent successful flights of the X-43A and the X-51A indicate that the dawn of sustained airbreathing hypersonic flight now has arrived. This proves that the original approach of the book to put emphasis on viscous effects and the aerothermodynamics of radiation-cooled vehicle surfaces was timely. This second, revised edition even more accentuates these topics. A new, additional chapter treats examples of viscous thermal surface effects. Partly only very recently obtained experimental and numerical results show the complexity of such phenomena (dependence of boundary-layer stability, skin friction, boundary-layer thicknesses, and separation on the thermal state of the surface) and their importance for airbreathing hypersonic flight vehicles, but also for any other kind of hypersonic vehicle.
Mathematics --- Space research --- Astronomy --- Classical mechanics. Field theory --- Fluid mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Mechanical properties of solids --- Materials sciences --- Heat engines. Steam engines --- Gases handling. Fluids handling --- Applied physical engineering --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Air traffic --- Fuels --- patroonherkenning --- vloeistofstroming --- thermodynamica --- aerodynamica --- astronauten --- engineering --- luchtvaart --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- fysica --- ruimtevaart --- dynamica --- vloeistoffen --- warmteoverdracht --- optica
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Viscous flow is usually treated in the frame of boundary-layer theory and as a two-dimensional flow. At best, books on boundary layers provide the describing equations for three-dimensional boundary layers, and solutions only for certain special cases. This book presents the basic principles and theoretical foundations of three-dimensional attached viscous flows as they apply to aircraft of all kinds. Though the primary flight speed range is that of civil air transport vehicles, flows past other flying vehicles up to hypersonic speeds are also considered. Emphasis is put on general three-dimensional attached viscous flows and not on three-dimensional boundary layers, as this wider scope is necessary in view of the theoretical and practical problems that have to be overcome in practice. The specific topics covered include weak, strong, and global interaction; the locality principle; properties of three-dimensional viscous flows; thermal surface effects; characteristic properties; wall compatibility conditions; connections between inviscid and viscous flows; flow topology; quasi-one- and two-dimensional flows; laminar-turbulent transition; and turbulence. Detailed discussions of examples illustrate these topics and the relevant phenomena encountered in three-dimensional viscous flows. The full governing equations, reference-temperature relations for qualitative considerations and estimations of flow properties, and coordinates for fuselages and wings are also provided. Sample problems with solutions allow readers to test their understanding. .
Space research --- Astronomy --- Fluid mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Mechanical properties of solids --- Hydraulic energy --- Applied physical engineering --- vloeistofstroming --- thermodynamica --- aerodynamica --- astronauten --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- ruimtevaart --- hydraulica --- vloeistoffen --- warmteoverdracht
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Fluid mechanical aspects of separated and vortical flow in aircraft wing aerodynamics are treated. The focus is on two wing classes: (1) large aspect-ratio wings and (2) small aspect-ratio delta-type wings. Aerodynamic design issues in general are not dealt with. Discrete numerical simulation methods play a progressively larger role in aircraft design and development. Accordingly, in the introduction to the book the different mathematical models are considered, which underlie the aerodynamic computation methods (panel methods, RANS and scale-resolving methods). Special methods are the Euler methods, which as rather inexpensive methods embrace compressibility effects and also permit to describe lifting-wing flow. The concept of the kinematically active and inactive vorticity content of shear layers gives insight into many flow phenomena, but also, with the second break of symmetry---the first one is due to the Kutta condition---an explanation of lifting-wing flow fields. The prerequisite is an extended definition of separation: "flow-off separation" at sharp trailing edges of class (1) wings and at sharp leading edges of class (2) wings. The vorticity-content concept, with a compatibility condition for flow-off separation at sharp edges, permits to understand the properties of the evolving trailing vortex layer and the resulting pair of trailing vortices of class (1) wings. The concept also shows that Euler methods at sharp delta or strake leading edges of class (2) wings can give reliable results. Three main topics are treated: 1) Basic Principles are considered first: boundary-layer flow, vortex theory, the vorticity content of shear layers, Euler solutions for lifting wings, the Kutta condition in reality and the topology of skin-friction and velocity fields. 2) Unit Problems treat isolated flow phenomena of the two wing classes. Capabilities of panel and Euler methods are investigated. One Unit Problem is the flow past the wing of the NASA Common Research Model. Other Unit Problems concern the lee-side vortex system appearing at the Vortex-Flow Experiment 1 and 2 sharp- and blunt-edged delta configurations, at a delta wing with partly round leading edges, and also at the Blunt Delta Wing at hypersonic speed. 3) Selected Flow Problems of the two wing classes. In short sections practical design problems are discussed. The treatment of flow past fuselages, although desirable, was not possible in the frame of this book.
Fluid mechanics --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- neuronale netwerken --- fuzzy logic --- cybernetica --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- vloeistoffen
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Numerical analysis --- Fluid mechanics --- Gases handling. Fluids handling --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- neuronale netwerken --- fuzzy logic --- aerodynamica --- cybernetica --- vormgeving --- informatica --- simulaties --- wiskunde --- algoritmen --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- robots --- numerieke analyse --- vloeistoffen
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Numerical analysis --- Fluid mechanics --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- neuronale netwerken --- fuzzy logic --- cybernetica --- algoritmen --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- numerieke analyse --- vloeistoffen
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Numerical analysis --- Space research --- Astrophysics --- Fluid mechanics --- Gases handling. Fluids handling --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Computer. Automation --- astrofysica --- analyse (wiskunde) --- astronauten --- algoritmen --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- ruimtevaart --- numerieke analyse --- vloeistoffen
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Fluid mechanics --- Gases handling. Fluids handling --- Computer science --- informatica --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- vloeistoffen
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Numerical analysis --- Fluid mechanics --- Gases handling. Fluids handling --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Computer. Automation --- beeldverwerking --- analyse (wiskunde) --- algoritmen --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- numerieke analyse --- signaalverwerking --- vloeistoffen
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