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Social psychology --- Personality development --- sociale psychologie --- persoonlijkheidsontwikkeling

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Age group sociology

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Commemorating Morton Deutsch’s 95th birthday, this book presents ten major texts by this highly respected social psychologist on war and peace. This first volume presents Deutsch in his role as a leading social science activist on issues of war and peace – writing papers, making speeches and participating in demonstrations. After serving in the U.S. Air Force during World War II and being awarded two Distinguished Flying Cross medals, as a psychologist he was determined to work for a more peaceful world. Influenced by Kurt Lewin, who believed that nothing was as practical as a good theory, Deutsch pursued theoretical work on such issues as cooperation-competition, conflict resolution and social justice with regard to issues of war and peace. As President of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict and Violence, the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues and the International Society of Political Psychology, he helped to foster social science efforts to make for a more peaceful world.

wetenschapsgeschiedenis --- geschiedenis --- milieubeleid --- internationaal recht --- milieurecht --- milieupolitiek --- Deutsch, Morton

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Conflict is inherent in virtually every aspect of human relations, from sport to parliamentary democracy, from fashion in the arts to paradigmatic challenges in the sciences, and from economic activity to intimate relationships.  Yet, it can become among the most serious social problems humans face when it loses its constructive features and becomes protracted over time with no obvious means of resolution.  This book addresses the subject of intractable social conflict from a new vantage point.  Here, these types of conflict represent self-organizing phenomena, emerging quite naturally from the ongoing dynamics in human interaction at any scale—from the interpersonal to the international.  Using the universal language and computational framework of nonlinear dynamical systems theory in combination with recent insights from social psychology, intractable conflict is understood as a system locked in special attractor states that constrain the thoughts and actions of the parties to the conflict.  The emergence and maintenance of attractors for conflict can be described by means of formal models that incorporate the results of computer simulations, experiments, field research, and archival analyses.  Multi-disciplinary research reflecting these approaches provides encouraging support for the dynamical systems perspective.  Importantly, this text presents new views on conflict resolution.  In contrast to traditional approaches that tend to focus on basic, short-lived cause-effect relations, the dynamical perspective emphasizes the temporal patterns and potential for emergence in destructive relations.  Attractor deconstruction entails restoring complexity to a conflict scenario by isolating elements or changing the feedback loops among them.  The creation of a latent attractor trades on the tendency toward multi-stability in dynamical systems and entails the consolidation of incongruent (positive) elements into a coherent structure.  In the bifurcation scenario, factors are identified that can change the number and types of attractors in a conflict scenario.  The implementation of these strategies may hold the key to unlocking intractable conflict, creating the potential for constructive social relations.   .

Philosophy --- Psychology --- Social sciences (general) --- Physics --- Statistical physics --- Applied physical engineering --- Computer science --- psychologie --- theoretische fysica --- filosofie --- informatica --- sociale wetenschappen --- methodologieën --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- fysica