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Dutch literature

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When Dudo of St. Quentin's Historia Normannorum first appeared in or around 1015, written for the then Duke of Normandy, Richard II, Dudo created a text without precedent. By committing the lives and deeds of Richard II's ancestors to written memory for the first time since the foundation of Normandy under the Viking Rollo in 911, Dudo provided the Norman court at Rouen with both an official dynastic historiography and a treasured record of their collective past. The Historia Normannorum was conceived, from the outset, as an idiosyncratic text which purported to be both staunchly traditional and remarkably innovative. This book's analysis of the Historia uses historical and manuscript evidence, alongside literary theory and approaches from memory studies, to provide fresh insights into the text. It shows the Historia to be one of the most influential and important historical narratives of the Middle Ages, perhaps even the earliest surviving example of an illustrated chronicle from the entire Latin West. Benjamin Pohl is a DAAD Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Faculty of History, University of Cambridge. He is also a Research Associate at Emmanuel College, Cambridge.

manuscripts [document genre] --- History of Europe --- Dudo de Saint-Quentin --- anno 800-1199 --- Dudo, --- Normandy (France) --- Normandie (France) --- History --- Sources --- Histoire --- Sources. --- manuscripts [documents] --- historiography --- Basse-Normandie (France) --- Haute-Normandie (France) --- HISTORY / Medieval. --- Anglo-Norman period. --- Dudo of Saint-Quentin. --- Historia Normannorum. --- innovation. --- memory. --- traditions.

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Philosophy and psychology of culture

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Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Belgium

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Getting science policy right is a core objective of government that bears on scientific advance, economic growth, health, and longevity. Yet the process of science is changing. As science advances and knowledge accumulates, ensuing generations of innovators spend longer in training and become more narrowly expert, shifting key innovations (i) later in the life cycle and (ii) from solo researchers toward teams. This paper summarizes the evidence that science has evolved - and continues to evolve - on both dimensions. The paper then considers science policy. The ongoing shift away from younger scholars and toward teamwork raises serious policy challenges. Central issues involve (a) maintaining incentives for entry into scientific careers as the training phase extends, (b) ensuring effective evaluation of ideas (including decisions on patent rights and research grants) as evaluator expertise narrows, and (c) providing appropriate effort incentives as scientists increasingly work in teams. Institutions such as government grant agencies, the patent office, the science education system, and the Nobel Prize come under a unified focus in this paper. In all cases, the question is how these institutions can change. As science evolves, science policy may become increasingly misaligned with science itself – unless science policy evolves in tandem.

Zonder onderwerpscode: economie