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Tn elements --- Transposable elements --- Transposonen --- Transposons --- DNA Transposable Elements. --- Transposons. --- Moleculaire biologie.

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Transfection --- Transposons --- Mobile genetic elements --- Interspersed Repetitive Sequences --- Eléments génétiques mobiles --- Séquences répétées dispersées --- Transfert de gène --- Gene transfer --- Mobile genetic elements. --- Transposons. --- Transfection. --- Genetic transformation --- Viral genetics --- Tn elements --- Transposable elements --- Genetic elements, Mobile --- Genetic mobile elements --- Mobile DNA --- Mobile DNA sequences --- Mobile elements, Genetic --- Eléments génétiques mobiles --- Séquences répétées dispersées --- Nucleic acids --- DNA --- Molecular genetics --- ADN --- DNA Transposable Elements --- DNA. --- GENOMES --- GENE TRANSFER --- MONOGRAPHS --- EVOLUTION

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There are only few major key functions that lie beneath the fundamental architecture of metabolism and life. These are multiplication, variation and heredity. Only if these factors interact synergistically can Darwinian selection power the evolution of biodiversity. Transposable elements have always played a major role in this process. The genomes of all organisms consist of chromosomes that are built up of double-stranded nucleic acid chains on whose stability and integrity the existence of cells depend. While DNA repair warrants the chemical integrity of DNA and protects it from metabolic and environmental mutagens, meiotic recombination and transposable element activity appear to counteract the molecular guardians of genome stability. Transposable elements and their kind often make up the bulk of genomic DNA, often approaching 50% of the genome. By contrast, the classic genes represent as little as 1.8% of genomic DNA, in case of the human genome. This volume gives an overview on mobile DNA and how such contradiction to the obligatory stability of genomes can be understood. Obviously, an understanding can only be achieved by cutting deeply into the evolutionary history of life along with the evolution of transposable elements and dynamic genomes. This book therefore also celebrates Charles Darwin’s 200th birthday. The reader is challenged to view the role of movable DNA along historical roots from the levels of cells to populations to biological species integrating the accompanying molecular evolution of host, cell and genome interaction. One will witness even the reactivation of a long since dead, fossil transposable element and the infection of germline cells by the first established, mobile and endogenous insect retrovirus.

Genomes --Stability. --- Genomes. --- Molecular dynamics. --- Transposons. --- Transposons --- Genomes --- Molecular dynamics --- DNA Transposable Elements --- Interspersed Repetitive Sequences --- DNA --- Genome Components --- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid --- Nucleic Acids --- Base Sequence --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genome --- Genetic Structures --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Molecular Structure --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Chemical Phenomena --- Biochemistry --- Genetics --- Biology - General --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Stability --- Molecular genetics. --- Tn elements --- Transposable elements --- Life sciences. --- Human genetics. --- Biochemistry. --- Cell biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cell Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Mobile genetic elements --- Molecular biology --- Cytology. --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Transposable elements are DNA sequences with the capacity to move within a genome. Although their presence and impact has long been known, the recent genome-wide analysis of many eukaryotic genomes has uncovered their major role in genome dynamics and function. The present book explains how to recognize and study transposable elements, e.g. by using state-of-the-art strategies based on new-generation sequencing. Moreover, the impact of transposable elements on plant genome structure and function is reviewed in detail and illustrated in examples and case studies. The book is intended both for readers familiar with the field and for newcomers. With large-scale sequencing becoming increasingly available, more and more people will come across transposable element sequences in their data, and this volume will hopefully help to convince them that transposable elements are not just "junk" DNA, and may actually be the most interesting and fun part of their data!

Genetic regulation -- Congresses. --- Insertion elements, DNA -- Congresses. --- Mutagens -- Congresses. --- Plant molecular genetics -- Congresses. --- Insertion elements, DNA --- Mutagens --- Plant genetic regulation --- Transposons --- Plant molecular genetics --- Interspersed Repetitive Sequences --- Genome --- DNA --- Genetic Structures --- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid --- Genome Components --- Nucleic Acids --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genetic Phenomena --- Base Sequence --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Phenomena and Processes --- Molecular Structure --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- DNA Transposable Elements --- Genome, Plant --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetics --- Transposons. --- Plant molecular genetics. --- Tn elements --- Transposable elements --- Life sciences. --- Nucleic acids. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Cell biology. --- Plant genetics. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Nucleic Acid Chemistry. --- Cell Biology. --- Molecular genetics --- Plant genetics --- Plant molecular biology --- Mobile genetic elements --- Biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Plants --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Composition --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Botany --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics

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Many biodegradation pathways, both aerobic and anaerobic, have already been characterised, and the phylogenetic relationships among catabolic genes within them have been studied. However, new biodegradation activities and their coding genes are continuously being reported, including those involved in the catabolism of emerging contaminants and those generally regarded as non-biodegradable. Gene regulation is also an important issue for the efficient biodegradation of contaminants. Specific induction by the substrate and over-imposed global regulatory networks adjust the expression of the biodegradation genes to meet bacterial physiological needs. New biodegradation pathways can be assembled in a particular strain or in a bacterial consortium by recruiting biodegradation genes from different origins through horizontal gene transfer. The abundance and diversity of biodegradation genes, analysed by either genomic or metagenomic approaches, constitute valuable indicators of the biodegradation potential of a particular environmental niche. This knowledge paves the way to systems metabolic engineering approaches to valorise biowaste for the production of value-added products.

tetralin --- Sphingopyxis granuli strain TFA --- Rhodococcus sp. strain TFB --- redox proteins --- carbon catabolite repression --- plastics --- biodegradation --- sustainability --- upcycling --- biotransformations --- polyethylene terephthalate --- terephthalate --- ethylene glycol --- biphenyl --- bph gene --- integrative conjugative element --- genome sequence --- LysR --- transcription factor --- Acinetobacter --- LTTR --- benzoate --- muconate --- synergism --- biosensor --- naphthalene --- toluene --- hydrocarbons --- plant growth promotion --- bioremediation --- Pseudomonas --- soil pollution --- phytoremediation --- rhizoremediation --- diesel --- bacteria --- consortium --- metagenomics --- PAHs --- TPH --- regulation --- anaerobic --- Azoarcus --- promoter architecture --- bioethanol --- furfural --- ALE --- AraC --- sterols --- bile acids --- steroid hormones --- 9,10-seco pathway --- 4,5-seco pathway --- 2,3-seco pathway --- xenobiotics --- Carbaryl --- horizontal gene transfer --- mobile genetic elements --- transposons --- integrative conjugative elements --- pathway assembly --- evolution --- Sphingopyxis lindanitolerans --- pesticide --- complete genome sequence --- pangenome --- γ-HCH degradation --- lin genes --- testosterone --- steroid --- catabolism --- transcriptomic --- valorisation --- catabolic pathway --- mobile DNA --- anaerobic biodegradation --- gene regulation