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General extenders are phrases like 'or something', 'and everything', 'and things (like that)', 'and stuff (like that)', and 'and so on'. Although they are an everyday feature of spoken language, are crucial in successful interpersonal communication, and have multiple functions in discourse, they have so far gone virtually unnoticed in linguistics. This pioneering work provides a comprehensive description of this new linguistic category. It offers new insights into ongoing changes in contemporary English, the effect of grammaticalization, novel uses as associative plural markers and indicators of intertextuality, and the metapragmatic role of extenders in interaction. The forms and functions of general extenders are presented clearly and accessibly, enabling students to understand a number of different frameworks of analysis in discourse-pragmatic studies. From an applied perspective, the book presents a description of translation equivalents, an analysis of second language variation, and practical exercises for teaching second language learners of English.

General extenders (Linguistics) --- English language --- Discourse analysis. --- Coordination tags (Linguistics) --- Extenders, General (Linguistics) --- Tags, Coordination (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Pragmatics --- Discourse analysis --- Germanic languages

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With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, expressing heterologous proteins in microorganisms rapidly became the method of choice for their production at laboratory and industrial scale. Bacteria, yeasts and other hosts can be grown to high biomass levels efficiently and inexpensively. Obtaining high yields of recombinant proteins from this material was only feasible thanks to constant research on microbial genetics and physiology that led to novel strains, plasmids and cultivation strategies. Despite the spectacular expansion of the field, there is still much room for progress. Improving the levels of expression and the solubility of a recombinant protein can be quite challenging. Accumulation of the product in the cell can lead to stress responses which affect cell growth. Buildup of insoluble and biologically inactive aggregates (inclusion bodies) lowers the yield of production. This is particularly true for obtaining membrane proteins or high-molecular weight and multi-domain proteins. Also, obtaining eukaryotic proteins in a prokaryotic background (for example, plant or animal proteins in bacteria) results in a product that lack post-translational modifications, often required for functionality. Changing to a eukaryotic host (yeasts or filamentous fungi) may not be a proper solution since the pattern of sugar modifications is different than in higher eukaryotes. Still, many advances in the last couple of decades have provided to researchers a wide variety of strategies to maximize the production of their recombinant protein of choice. Everything starts with the careful selection of the host. Be it bacteria or yeast, a broad list of strains is available for overcoming codon use bias, incorrect disulfide bond formation, protein toxicity and lack of post-translational modifications. Also, a huge catalog of plasmids allows choosing for different fusion partners for improving solubility, protein secretion, chaperone co-expression, antibiotic resistance and promoter strength. Next, controlling culture conditions like temperature, inducer and media composition can bolster recombinant protein production. With this Research Topic, we aim to provide an encyclopedic account of the existing approaches to the expression of recombinant proteins in microorganisms, highlight recent discoveries and analyze the future prospects of this exciting and ever-growing field.

Environmental sciences. --- Inclusion Bodies --- Escherichia coli --- Filamentous fungi --- Microalgae --- Recombinant Proteins --- Microorganism --- fusion tags --- yeast

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The present publication is dedicated to the expressive self-portraits by Jean-Michel Basquiat and covers his lifelong intensive study of the self. In Basquiat's œuvre the self-portrait, one of the major subjects of art history, occupies a central position that has not been examined to date. Jean-Michel Basquiat's self-portraits are regarded as being among the most important of his radical creative works. In addition to some 50 specific portraits of himself, we can also see his series of likenesses of African-American men as concealed reproductions of the artist. Not least because Basquiat, who was affected himself by everyday racism, identified with his heroes, saints and martyrs as he portrayed them. Thus his major topics from identity, discrimination and prejudice to capitalism, the market and oppression are all to be found in these key works

Painting --- primitivism [artistic concept] --- self-portraits --- easel paintings [paintings by form] --- tags [documents] --- Basquiat, Jean-Michel --- Self-portraits, American. --- Autoportraits --- African Americans in art. --- Arts noirs américains. --- Basquiat, Jean-Michel, --- Arts noirs américains.

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Quelle est l'histoire du graffiti à Bruxelles ? Quelles sont ses origines, ses règles et ses pratiques ? Qui sont ses artistes de l'ombre ? Dehors ! Le graffiti à Bruxelles tente de répondre à ces questions et met à l'épreuve le double problème de la place du graffiti dans l'art et dans la ville, en interrogeant son rôle dans l'enrichissement artistique de la capitale de l'Europe. Adrien Grimmeau a analysé tous les parcours, de la rue aux galeries, en s'appuyant sur une documentation rare et des témoignages originaux, riches et colorés, dans l'esprit même des nouveaux codes de lecture nés de cette esthétique irrégulière. Pour la première fois, des graffeurs des générations successives ont ouvert leurs archives et partagé leur passion commune pour l'art urbain. Ce premier ouvrage de référence sur le sujet fait passer « l'art de la rue » de l'éphémère à l'indélébile. L'exposition inspirée du livre "L'art du graffiti à Bruxelles" se tient au Musée d'Ixelles (rue J. Van Volsem 71, 1050 Bruxelles) du 16 juin au 4 septembre 2011.

Graphic signs --- Painting --- Sociology of culture --- Brussels --- Graffiti --- Street art --- Art, Municipal --- Graffiti artists --- Art dans la rue --- Art urbain --- Graffiteurs --- History --- Histoire --- Art --- --Bruxelles --- --Graffiti --- Peinture murale --- Bruxelles --- kunst --- twintigste eeuw --- eenentwintigste eeuw --- grafitti --- Brussel --- openbare ruimte --- kunst en openbare ruimte --- stedelijkheid --- tags --- tekenkunst --- 75.05 --- Belgium --- Brussels (Belgium) --- Pictorial works --- History. --- Graffiti - Belgium - History - 20th century

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Lutheran Church --- Seventh-day Adventists --- Eglise luthérienne --- Adventistes du septième jour --- Adventists --- Lutherans --- dialog --- Gespräch --- dialogue --- Adventisten --- Lutheraner --- Adventistes --- Luthériens --- the Lutheran World Federation --- the Seventh-day Adventist Church --- Lutherischen Weltbund --- Kirche der Siebenten-Tags-Adventisten --- la Fédération luthérienne mondiale --- l'Eglise adventiste du septièeme jour --- 1994-1998