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This book, Green Concrete for a Better Sustainable Environment, aims to cover recent advances in the development of green concrete solutions and discuss the best ways to leverage opportunities in this domain. Concrete can be described as green concrete if it has one of the following features; it uses waste material as at least one of its components, its production process does not lead to environmental destruction, or it has high performance and life cycle sustainability. At present, natural resources are running out. Cement and concrete made from industrial and construction waste can be regarded as valuable resources for civil infrastructure construction. Green concrete will not only contribute to a circular economy, but can also help to reduce the amount of embodied energy and CO2 emissions associated with cement manufacturing and aggregate quarrying. Using green concrete can also mitigate the environmental threats associated with industrial waste materials. This book covers the theoretical, experimental, applied and modelling research studies on the materials, products and structures related to sustainable cement-based composites.

History of engineering & technology --- recycled aggregate concrete --- shrinkage and creep --- attached mortar --- prediction model --- construction and demolition wastes --- resource utilization --- recycled concrete hollow block --- masonry walls --- seismic performance --- steel frame --- infilled shear walls --- semi-rigid connection --- seismic behavior --- MSWI bottom ash --- concrete --- sulfate attack --- capillary transport --- crystallization --- husk mortar wallboard --- experiment --- lateral strength --- strain --- failure load --- full replacement ratio --- section steel and RAC --- bond behavior --- SRRC (Steel Reinforced Recycled Concrete) --- bond strength --- bond slip --- numerical simulation --- salt --- NaCl --- asphalt concrete --- freeze–thaw cycles --- winter road --- industrial waste --- sustainable concrete --- recycled expanded glass --- n/a --- freeze-thaw cycles

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This book, Green Concrete for a Better Sustainable Environment, aims to cover recent advances in the development of green concrete solutions and discuss the best ways to leverage opportunities in this domain. Concrete can be described as green concrete if it has one of the following features; it uses waste material as at least one of its components, its production process does not lead to environmental destruction, or it has high performance and life cycle sustainability. At present, natural resources are running out. Cement and concrete made from industrial and construction waste can be regarded as valuable resources for civil infrastructure construction. Green concrete will not only contribute to a circular economy, but can also help to reduce the amount of embodied energy and CO2 emissions associated with cement manufacturing and aggregate quarrying. Using green concrete can also mitigate the environmental threats associated with industrial waste materials. This book covers the theoretical, experimental, applied and modelling research studies on the materials, products and structures related to sustainable cement-based composites.

recycled aggregate concrete --- shrinkage and creep --- attached mortar --- prediction model --- construction and demolition wastes --- resource utilization --- recycled concrete hollow block --- masonry walls --- seismic performance --- steel frame --- infilled shear walls --- semi-rigid connection --- seismic behavior --- MSWI bottom ash --- concrete --- sulfate attack --- capillary transport --- crystallization --- husk mortar wallboard --- experiment --- lateral strength --- strain --- failure load --- full replacement ratio --- section steel and RAC --- bond behavior --- SRRC (Steel Reinforced Recycled Concrete) --- bond strength --- bond slip --- numerical simulation --- salt --- NaCl --- asphalt concrete --- freeze–thaw cycles --- winter road --- industrial waste --- sustainable concrete --- recycled expanded glass --- n/a --- freeze-thaw cycles

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The current production and consumption models of building materials are causing severe environmental and social problems worldwide. In this sense, construction and demolition waste (C&DW) are part of the problem and can be part of the solution, particularly in developing countries where the construction industry is growing very rapidly. Although many efforts have been made by stakeholders to increase the use of C&DW in construction materials, articulated efforts are required at global, national, and local scales to develop truly sustainable construction sectors. Therefore, this e-book, which is based on the “Special Issue on Construction and Demolition Waste: Challenges and Opportunities”, is an effort to articulate knowledge on novel and innovative building materials using C&DW and management systems to develop circular economy models (CE) for the construction sector. In this e-book, it is concluded that even though the valorization of C&DW has been developed worldwide, more incentives need to be provided to really convert the local and national construction chains in sustainable sectors, which appropriate the circular economy for production and consumption systems that imrpove, at the least, efficiency in terms of materials, water and energy use.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Conservation of buildings & building materials --- construction and demolition wastes --- alkali-activated materials --- recycling --- binder --- recycled aggregates --- paving stones --- aggregates --- C&amp --- DW --- sustainability --- mechanical properties --- concrete --- demolition waste --- management --- life cycle assessment --- circular economy --- recycled concrete aggregate --- recycled aggregate concrete --- residual mortar --- reusing --- workability --- compressive strength --- pavement --- green deal --- construction and demolition waste --- quantification --- waste management --- re-use --- material stock analysis --- multi-criteria decision-making --- local authorities --- urban metabolism --- interview --- building --- recycled concrete --- carbonation --- construction and demolition waste (C&DW) --- construction --- municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash --- supplementary cementitious material --- construction and demolition wastes --- alkali-activated materials --- recycling --- binder --- recycled aggregates --- paving stones --- aggregates --- C&amp --- DW --- sustainability --- mechanical properties --- concrete --- demolition waste --- management --- life cycle assessment --- circular economy --- recycled concrete aggregate --- recycled aggregate concrete --- residual mortar --- reusing --- workability --- compressive strength --- pavement --- green deal --- construction and demolition waste --- quantification --- waste management --- re-use --- material stock analysis --- multi-criteria decision-making --- local authorities --- urban metabolism --- interview --- building --- recycled concrete --- carbonation --- construction and demolition waste (C&DW) --- construction --- municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash --- supplementary cementitious material

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Concrete is the most widely utilized construction material in the world. Thus, any action intended to enhance the sustainability of the construction industry must consider the supply chain, production, distribution demolition and eventual disposal, landfilling or recycling of this composite material. High-performance concrete may be one of the most effective options to make the construction sector more sustainable. Experience proves that the use of recycled concrete aggregates, as well as the partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement with other supplementary cementitious materials or alternative binders, are generally accepted as the most realistic solutions to reduce the environmental impacts, leading to sufficiently high mechanical performances. In structural applications such as those concerning the seismic and energy retrofitting of existing buildings, the use of high-performance cementitious composites often represents the more cost-effective solution, which allows us to minimize the costs of the intervention and the environmental impact. Eventually, the challenge of enhancing sustainability by raising durability of concrete structures is particularly relevant in those applications where maintenance is particularly expensive and impactful, in terms of both direct intervention costs and indirect costs deriving from downtime. The present Special Issue aims at providing readers with the most recent research results on the aforementioned subjects and further foster a collaboration between the scientific community and the industrial sector on a common commitment towards sustainable concrete constructions.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- recycled concrete aggregate --- recycled aggregate concrete --- durability --- freeze-thaw cycles --- mechanical properties --- concrete --- recycled concrete --- recycled aggregate --- shrinkage --- slags --- cement replacement --- existing beams --- retrofitting method --- environmental assessment --- fly ash --- moment-curvature relationship --- precast elements --- basalt --- concrete properties --- recycled natural basalt --- recycled concrete powder --- seismic retrofitting --- multilayer coating --- Steel Fiber Reinforced Mortar --- energy performance of buildings --- point thermal bridges --- thermal behavior in summer --- case study --- prestressed concrete --- prestress losses --- bridges --- flexural strength --- shear strength --- drying and autogenous shrinkage --- creep --- sustainability --- shear bond --- UHPFRC --- push-off test --- tensile bond strength --- concrete overlay --- strengthening --- existing infrastructures --- digital microscopy --- surface roughness --- mortars --- MSWI bottom ash --- pozzolanic activity --- supplementary cementing materials --- water-retaining structures --- aggressive environment --- recycled concrete aggregate --- recycled aggregate concrete --- durability --- freeze-thaw cycles --- mechanical properties --- concrete --- recycled concrete --- recycled aggregate --- shrinkage --- slags --- cement replacement --- existing beams --- retrofitting method --- environmental assessment --- fly ash --- moment-curvature relationship --- precast elements --- basalt --- concrete properties --- recycled natural basalt --- recycled concrete powder --- seismic retrofitting --- multilayer coating --- Steel Fiber Reinforced Mortar --- energy performance of buildings --- point thermal bridges --- thermal behavior in summer --- case study --- prestressed concrete --- prestress losses --- bridges --- flexural strength --- shear strength --- drying and autogenous shrinkage --- creep --- sustainability --- shear bond --- UHPFRC --- push-off test --- tensile bond strength --- concrete overlay --- strengthening --- existing infrastructures --- digital microscopy --- surface roughness --- mortars --- MSWI bottom ash --- pozzolanic activity --- supplementary cementing materials --- water-retaining structures --- aggressive environment

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The Special Issue, “Architectural Structure,” aims to gather general advances in human-made constructions which simultaneously are driven by aesthetic and structural engineering considerations. This Special Issue brings together twelve contributions covering the following topics: analysis of architectural typologies; the study of the mechanical performance of structural materials, structural systems and components; and the proposal of techniques to evaluate the mechanical performance in existing structures and new construction techniques.

History of engineering & technology --- recycled aggregate concrete --- block masonry --- compressive strength --- carbon emission --- stress–strain curves --- outrigger wall --- multiple openings --- deep beam --- stiffness --- shear strength --- tall building --- inverted multi tee --- prestressed concrete --- precast concrete --- structural performance --- flexural analysis --- self-compacting concrete --- non-destructive test methods --- ultrasonic pulse velocity test --- surface hardness test --- pull-out test --- maturity test --- within-test variability --- normal vibrated concrete --- concrete structures --- beams &amp --- girders --- torsion --- high-strength concrete --- prestressing --- traditional slabs --- ceramic-reinforced slabs --- shear response --- cyclic loading --- natural fiber-reinforced polymers --- NFRP --- computational design --- tailored fiber placement --- coreless filament winding --- rapid prototyping --- industry 4.0 --- lightweight structure --- Geopolymer --- Alkali activated --- tensile strength --- deformability --- experimental study --- analytical model --- reinforced concrete --- beams --- fly ash alkali activated --- bending --- thin-walled I-section --- continuous beam --- local buckling --- longitudinal stress variation --- design ultimate resistance of the cross-section --- Rudolf Steiner --- anthroposophy --- architecture --- Goetheanum --- double-steel-concrete composite shear walls --- axial and bending capacity --- failure characteristic --- n/a --- stress-strain curves