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The men and women that followed the sixth-century customs of Benedict of Nursia (c.480-c.547) formed the most enduring, influential, numerous and widespread religious order of the Latin middle ages. Their liturgical practice, and their acquired taste for learning, served as a model for the medieval church as a whole: while new orders arose, they took some of their customs, and their observant and spiritual outlook, from the Regula Benedicti. The Benedictines may also be counted among the founders of medieval Europe. In many regions of the continent they created, or consolidated, the first Christian communities; they also directed the development of their social organisation, economy, and environment, and exerted a powerful influence on their emerging cultural and intellectual trends.
This book, the first comparative study of its kind, follows the Benedictine Order over eleven centuries, from their early diaspora to the challenge of continental reformation.

James G. Clark is Professor of History, University of Exeter.

Christian religious orders --- Benedictines --- anno 500-1499 --- Monasticism and religious orders --- History --- History. --- Church history --- Bencések --- Benedettini --- Bénédictins --- Beneditinos --- Benedyktyni --- O.S.B. --- Ordem de São Bento --- Order of Saint Benedict --- Ordine di San Benedetto --- Ordo Sancti Benedicti --- OSB --- Saint Benedict, Order of --- Monasticism and religious orders - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Benedictines. --- Christian Communities. --- Christianity. --- Church. --- Cultural Influence. --- Cultural influence. --- Latin. --- Medieval Europe. --- Middle Ages. --- Monastic Orders. --- Monastic order. --- Religious order. --- Social Organization. --- Social organization.

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Socialistic brands are signs with unique characteristics acquired through their use in particular historical circumstances. It is considered whether, decades after the fall of the iron curtain, the shared historical pedigree justifies different treatment of these signs. The author attempts to answer the question of what would constitute as unfair appropriation of these brands and discusses the availability of legal remedies in such cases. The analysis of issues relating to socialistic brands is conducted on the basis of European and Polish law and jurisprudence. Trademark law and other fields of intellectual property law form the core of this consideration. The author additionally employs findings from branches of social sciences such as anthropology, sociology and semiotics, in order to shed light on the complex nature of the attractiveness of signs and how cultural connotations affect it.

Trademarks --- Trademark infringement --- Socialism and culture Poland. --- Law and legislation --- Infringement of trademark --- Intellectual property infringement --- Merchant marks --- Registration of trademarks --- Trade-marks --- Trade names --- Trade regulation --- Brand name products --- Business names --- Logos (Symbols) --- Service marks --- Criminal provisions --- Socialism and culture --- Culture and socialism --- Culture --- Poland. --- grounds of revocation and cancelation of of trademarks --- Trademark law --- socialism --- communism --- cultural influence --- semiotics --- public policy

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The first comprehensive study of the reception of the classical tradition in medieval Catalan letters.

Catalan literature --- Classicism in literature. --- Classical literature --- Literature, Classical --- Literature --- Literature, Ancient --- Greek literature --- Latin literature --- History and criticism. --- Classical influences. --- Translations into Catalan --- Classical Tradition. --- Crown of Aragon. --- Cultural Influence. --- Iberia. --- Imitation. --- Literacy. --- Literary Tradition. --- Literature Studies. --- Literature. --- Medieval Catalan. --- Medieval Letters. --- Translation.

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First full-lengthinvestigation of Elizabethan and Jacobean genealogy, showing how it could be manipulated to legitimise - and oppose.

Elizabeth --- Elisabeth --- James --- Great Britain --- Kings and rulers --- Genealogy. --- History --- Jacobus --- Jakob --- Jacques --- Well affected subject of the kingdome of Scotland, --- C., --- Jacobo --- LITERARY CRITICISM / European / English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh. --- Cultural Influence. --- Elizabethan Era. --- European Royalty. --- Historical Manipulation. --- Legitimacy. --- Monarchy. --- Royal Genealogy. --- Shakespeare. --- Succession.

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The ink our ancestors wrote with, the beeswax in altar candles, the honey on our toast, the silk we wear. This enchanting book is a highly entertaining exploration of the myriad ways insects have enriched our lives-culturally, economically, and aesthetically. Entomologist and writer Gilbert Waldbauer describes in loving, colorful detail how many of the valuable products insects have given us are made, how they were discovered, and how they have been used through time and across cultures. Along the way, he takes us on a captivating ramble through many far-flung corners of history, mythology, poetry, literature, medicine, ecology, forensics, and more. Enlivened with personal anecdotes from Waldbauer's distinguished career as an entomologist, the book also describes surprising everyday encounters we all experience that were made possible by insects. From butterfly gardens and fly-fishing to insects as jewelry and sex pheromones, this is an eye-opening ode to the wonder of insects that illuminates our extraordinary and essential relationship with the natural world.

Beneficial insects. --- aesthetic influence. --- anklets. --- baubles. --- beeswax. --- bracelets. --- bugs. --- butterfly gardens. --- candles. --- cultural influence. --- dyeing cloth. --- ecology. --- economic influence. --- engaging. --- entertaining. --- entomology. --- flora and fauna. --- fly fishing. --- forensics. --- historical. --- history. --- ink. --- insect performers. --- insect pets. --- insects. --- jewelry. --- literature. --- medicine. --- mythology. --- natural world. --- nature. --- paper and ink. --- poetry. --- retrospective. --- sealing wax. --- sex pheromones. --- shellac. --- silk. --- valuable products.