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Angiocardiography --- Medical care --- Clinical indications. --- Coronary Angiography --- Utilization Review --- Delphi Technique. --- Evaluation. --- Utilization review --- utilization. --- methods.

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Medicare fraud. --- Medicare --- Medical care --- Claims administration --- Utilization review

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This report is part of a larger study to determine the extent to which the appropriate use of medical procedures is related to overall rates of use among geographic areas. It is one of six volumes that report the ratings of panels of physicians on the appropriateness of performing each of six procedures for a wide variety of clinically specific indications. The six procedures were coronary angiography, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, cholecystectomy, diagnostic gastrointestinal endoscopy, colonoscopy, and carotid endarterectomy. This volume contains a literature review of coronary angiography, a comprehensive set of indications for performing this procedure, ratings of the appropriateness for each indication, and a medical record abstraction form and guidelines for its use.

Angiocardiography --- Medical care --- Clinical indications. --- Surgical indications. --- Angiography --- Coronary Vessels --- Utilization Review. --- Evaluation. --- Utilization review --- utilization --- radiography.

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This report contains a review of the published literature on the diagnostic use of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from the procedure's introduction in the 1960s through 1981. In addition, it includes data on its findings, complications, costs, efficacy, utilization, and indications. It rates the appropriateness of each indication, and provides a medical record abstraction form and guidelines for its use.

Endoscopy --- Gastrointestinal system --- Clinical indications. --- Gastrointestinal Diseases --- Utilization Review. --- Evaluation. --- Diseases --- Diagnosis. --- utilization --- diagnosis.

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Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with or without stents and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are the two broad categories of interventions for mechanical revascularization of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Generally, both approaches would be clinically relevant for patients with single-vessel disease of the proximal left anterior descending artery, most types of two-vessel disease, as well as for patients with three-vessel disease that is not particularly extensive. Because PCI and CABG differ in their procedural risk and their initial and downstream costs, assessing their comparative effectiveness and safety is of great interest. PCI and CABG have already been compared in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and analyses of large clinical registries. The aim of this report is to identify needs for future research in the comparison between PCI and CABG. We use as a basis the 2007 comparative effectiveness review (CER) by the Stanford-University of California at San Francisco Evidence-based Practice Center (Stanford-UCSF EPC) that assessed PCI vs. CABG for coronary artery disease (hereafter we refer to the report as the "Stanford CER" for brevity). The CER summarized evidence published through 2006.

Coronary artery bypass --- Transluminal angioplasty --- Coronary heart disease --- Medical care --- Surgical indications. --- Coronary Artery Bypass --- Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary --- Utilization Review. --- Evaluation. --- Surgery --- Utilization review --- utilization. --- Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary