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Bacterial infections cause millions of deaths globally, particularly in children and the elderly, and four of the 10 leading causes of death are infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries. The continuous use of antibiotics has resulted in multi-resistant bacterial strains all over the world, such as Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and, as expected, hospitals have become breeding grounds for human-associated microorganisms, especially in critical care units.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- actinomycetes --- antibiotic biosynthesis --- silent biosynthetic pathways --- γ-butyrolactones --- HiTES --- translation inhibitors --- marine actinobacteria --- Streptomyces sp. --- enzyme inhibition --- antimicrobial --- antioxidant --- cytotoxicity --- GC-MS --- pyrrolopyrazines --- myxobacteria --- antivirals --- secondary metabolites --- HIV --- Ebola --- hepatitis viruses --- diversity --- uncultured --- new antibiotics --- Streptomyces --- polyketides --- secondary metabolite --- polyketide synthases (PKSs) --- actinomycetes --- antibiotic biosynthesis --- silent biosynthetic pathways --- γ-butyrolactones --- HiTES --- translation inhibitors --- marine actinobacteria --- Streptomyces sp. --- enzyme inhibition --- antimicrobial --- antioxidant --- cytotoxicity --- GC-MS --- pyrrolopyrazines --- myxobacteria --- antivirals --- secondary metabolites --- HIV --- Ebola --- hepatitis viruses --- diversity --- uncultured --- new antibiotics --- Streptomyces --- polyketides --- secondary metabolite --- polyketide synthases (PKSs)

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Over 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans and seas, which are massively complex and consist of diverse assemblages of life forms. Marine bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms develop unique metabolic and physiological capabilities that enable them to survive in extreme habitats and to produce compounds that might not be produced by their terrestrial counterparts. In the last few decades, the systematic investigations of marine/marine-derived microorganisms as sources of novel biologically active agents has exponentially increased. This Special Issue will focus on aspects relating to new bioactive metabolites from marine microorganisms including the isolation, taxonomy, and/or dereplication of microorganisms and the corresponding isolation, structure elucidation, biosynthesis, and/or biological activities of the new compounds. Comprehensive topical review articles relating to marine metabolites will also be considered.

Medicine --- co-culture --- marine microbes --- natural products --- structural diversity --- biological activities --- food allergy --- deep-sea-derived viridicatol --- X-ray single crystal --- intestinal barrier --- mast cell --- calcium influx --- Chlorella --- enzymes --- lipases --- molecular modeling --- sulfated polysaccharides --- antiviral --- SARS-CoV-2 --- docking --- molecular dynamic simulations --- sea cucumber --- bioactivity --- diversity --- microorganism --- polyketides --- alkaloids --- marine-derived fungus --- Penicillium sp. --- indole-diterpenoids --- cytotoxicity --- antibacterial activity --- Leizhou Peninsula --- mangrove soil --- actinomycetia --- antimicrobial activity --- secondary metabolites --- dereplication --- metabolomics tools --- trioxacarcins --- mansouramycins --- isoquinolinequinones --- marine-derived Streptomyces sp. --- co-culture --- marine microbes --- natural products --- structural diversity --- biological activities --- food allergy --- deep-sea-derived viridicatol --- X-ray single crystal --- intestinal barrier --- mast cell --- calcium influx --- Chlorella --- enzymes --- lipases --- molecular modeling --- sulfated polysaccharides --- antiviral --- SARS-CoV-2 --- docking --- molecular dynamic simulations --- sea cucumber --- bioactivity --- diversity --- microorganism --- polyketides --- alkaloids --- marine-derived fungus --- Penicillium sp. --- indole-diterpenoids --- cytotoxicity --- antibacterial activity --- Leizhou Peninsula --- mangrove soil --- actinomycetia --- antimicrobial activity --- secondary metabolites --- dereplication --- metabolomics tools --- trioxacarcins --- mansouramycins --- isoquinolinequinones --- marine-derived Streptomyces sp.

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Over 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans and seas, which are massively complex and consist of diverse assemblages of life forms. Marine bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms develop unique metabolic and physiological capabilities that enable them to survive in extreme habitats and to produce compounds that might not be produced by their terrestrial counterparts. In the last few decades, the systematic investigations of marine/marine-derived microorganisms as sources of novel biologically active agents has exponentially increased. This Special Issue will focus on aspects relating to new bioactive metabolites from marine microorganisms including the isolation, taxonomy, and/or dereplication of microorganisms and the corresponding isolation, structure elucidation, biosynthesis, and/or biological activities of the new compounds. Comprehensive topical review articles relating to marine metabolites will also be considered.

co-culture --- marine microbes --- natural products --- structural diversity --- biological activities --- food allergy --- deep-sea-derived viridicatol --- X-ray single crystal --- intestinal barrier --- mast cell --- calcium influx --- Chlorella --- enzymes --- lipases --- molecular modeling --- sulfated polysaccharides --- antiviral --- SARS-CoV-2 --- docking --- molecular dynamic simulations --- sea cucumber --- bioactivity --- diversity --- microorganism --- polyketides --- alkaloids --- marine-derived fungus --- Penicillium sp. --- indole-diterpenoids --- cytotoxicity --- antibacterial activity --- Leizhou Peninsula --- mangrove soil --- actinomycetia --- antimicrobial activity --- secondary metabolites --- dereplication --- metabolomics tools --- trioxacarcins --- mansouramycins --- isoquinolinequinones --- marine-derived Streptomyces sp. --- n/a

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The very first marine-derived anticancer drug, Cytarabine (aka Ara-C, Cytosar-U®), was approved by the FDA in 1969 for the treatment of leukemia. At the beginning of 2021, the list of approved marine-derived anticancer drugs consists of nine substances, five of which received approval within the last two years, demonstrating the rapid evolution of the field. The current book is a collection of scientific articles related to the exponentially growing field of anticancer marine compounds. These articles cover the whole field, from agents with cancer-preventive activity, to novel and previously characterized compounds with anticancer activity, both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the latest status of compounds under clinical development.

Medicine --- apoptosis --- fucoidan --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- reactive oxygen species --- 3-alkylpyridinium polymers --- nicotine --- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor --- non-small cell lung carcinoma --- melanoma --- sinulariolide --- proteomic --- mitochondria --- caspase cascade --- marine fungus --- sediment --- anthranilic acid --- Penicillium paneum --- cytotoxicity --- dibromotyrosine --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- oxidative stress --- topoisomerase --- epigonal organ --- bonnethead shark --- Jurkat --- tumor cell line --- hippuristanol --- PEL --- AP-1 --- STAT3 --- Akt --- colorectal cancer --- marine mollusc --- brominated indoles --- shrimp --- chemoprevention --- fatty acids --- carotenoids --- cancer --- nanoparticle --- osteosarcoma --- lung metastasis --- elisidepsin --- lipid rafts --- hydroxylated lipids --- fatty acid 2-hydroxylase --- cooperative binding --- membrane permeabilization --- marine organisms --- polysaccharides --- anticancer --- anticarcinogenic --- mechanisms of action --- fumigaclavine C --- anti-proliferation --- mitochondrial pathway --- anti-cancer --- anti-proliferative --- carotenoid --- cell cycle arrest --- fucoxanthin --- azoxymethane --- bioactive natural product --- isatin --- in vivo model --- Marthasterias glacialis L. --- palmitic acid --- ER-stress --- CHOP --- Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) --- marine antitumor agents --- clinical trials --- approved antitumor agents --- AD0157 --- angiogenesis --- marine drug --- pyrrolidinedione --- secondary metabolites --- cancer preventive --- chemopreventive --- trabectedin --- plitidepsin --- tumor-associated macrophages --- tumor microenvironment --- preclinical --- anticancer immunity --- antiangiogenesis --- fascaplysin --- cyclin-dependent kinase --- small cell lung cancer --- camptothecin --- poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase inhibitor --- breast cancer --- seaweed --- therapeutic compounds --- autophagy --- marine drugs --- autophagy inhibitors --- autophagy inducers --- macrolide --- programmed cell death --- energy stress --- araguspongine C --- c-Met --- HER2 --- gemcitabine --- pazopanib --- phase I --- safety --- soft tissue sarcoma --- pachastrissamine --- jaspine B --- carbocyclic analogue --- sphingosine kinase inhibitor --- molecular modeling --- ET-743 --- DNA minor groove binder --- soft tissue sarcoma --- chemotherapy --- bis (2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methane (BDDPM) --- anti-metastatic activity --- cell adhesion --- β1-integrin --- FAK --- BEL-7402 cell --- triterpene glycosides --- sea cucumbers --- antitumor activities --- arrest of cell cycle --- antibacterial --- marangucyclines --- deep-sea --- Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 11594 --- LS-1 --- SNU-C5/5-FU --- TGF-β signaling --- carcinoembryonic antigen --- kalkitoxin --- Moorea producens --- mitochondria toxin --- VEGF --- angiogenesis inhibitor --- hypoxia-inducible factor-1 --- HIF-1 --- Lyngbya majuscula --- marine metabolites --- SZ-685C --- nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas --- Ecklonia cava --- phlorotannins --- dieckol --- migration --- sipholenol A --- ABC transporter --- multidrug resistance --- P-gp/ABCB1 --- BCRP/ABCG2 --- MRP1/ABCC1 --- marine natural products --- glioblastoma --- xyloketal B --- proliferation --- TRPM7 --- marine compound --- ribosomal protein genes --- snoRNA --- FAU --- RPS30 --- SNORA62 --- evolution --- Porifera --- Penicillium brevicompactum --- Brevianamide --- Mycochromenic acid derivative --- antifouling --- Caribbean sponge --- plakortide --- endoperoxide --- leukemia --- multi-drug resistant leukemia --- Sarcophyton ehrenbergi --- soft coral --- terpenes --- cembranoids --- cytotoxic activity --- molecular docking --- uveal melanoma --- oxidative stress --- virtual screening --- Topo I inhibitor --- low toxic --- natural product --- Ulva fasciata --- selenium-containing polysaccharide-protein complex --- pseudopterosin --- NF-κB --- p65 --- inflammation --- cytokine release --- IL-6 --- TNFα --- MCP-1 --- glucocorticoid receptor --- paulomycins --- Micromonospora --- antitumor --- Cantabrian Sea-derived actinobacteria --- puupehenones --- sponges --- antiangiogenic --- antitumoral --- porifera/sponge --- cancer genes --- molecular oncology --- bromophenol --- molecular mechanisms --- cell cycle --- PI3K/Akt --- p38/ERK --- ROS --- human lung cancer --- glycosaminoglycans --- antiproliferative --- heparan sulphate --- gliotoxin --- NSCLC --- adriamycin resistance --- Sepia ink polysaccharides --- antitumour --- chemosensitization --- anticoagulation --- sea anemone --- drug discovery --- endothelial cells --- RGD motif --- kunitz type inhibitor --- prostate cancer --- antioxidant --- natural marine compounds --- marine biotechnology --- microalgae --- marine sponges --- Aeroplysinin --- Isofistularin --- pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma --- metastasis --- cancer progression --- cell adhesion molecules --- integrin β1 --- hypoxia --- phycocyanin --- non-small cell lung cancer --- NF-κB signaling --- marine-derived drugs --- bioanalysis --- chromatography --- manzamine A --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition --- lung cancer --- circulating tumor cells --- signal transduction --- cisplatin --- Lampetra morii --- buccal gland --- cystatin F --- anti-angiogenesis --- cystatin superfamily --- Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) --- Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) --- non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) --- itampolin A --- FBDD --- p38α --- novel inhibitor --- tetracenomycin X --- cyclin D1 --- proteasomal degradation --- p38 --- c-JUN --- λ-carrageenan --- heparanase --- anticoagulant --- depolymerisation --- cell migration --- Aspergillus --- naphthopyrones --- endophytic fungus --- Leathesia nana --- mangrove-derived actinomycete --- ansamycins --- divergolides --- apoptosis-inducing activity --- actinomycin --- EMT --- invasion --- low molecular weight fucoidan extract --- N-Ras --- neuroblastoma-rat sarcoma --- Cancer --- programmed cell death-ligand 1 --- programmed cell death-ligand 2 --- human sarcoma cell line (HT1080 cells) --- human normal diploid fibroblast (TIG-1 cells) --- chimera --- chemical conjugation --- anticancer agent --- hybridization --- α9-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) --- breast cancer cells --- αO-conotoxin GeXIVA --- targeted therapy --- gorgonian --- Leptogorgia --- humulane sesquiterpenoids --- anticancer activity --- 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial --- HeLa cells --- Nur77 --- MAPK/ERK pathway --- Mycalin A --- C15 acetogenins --- synthetic analogues --- antiproliferative activity --- A375 and HeLa cell lines --- polyoxygenated steroids --- sponge --- Haliclona gracilis --- Thalassia testudinum --- thalassiolin B --- polyphenols --- CYP1A1 --- benzo[a]pyrene --- JNK1/2 --- natural products --- synergism --- A549 cells --- cytoskeleton --- P2X7 receptor --- pollution --- anti-angiogenic --- gene expression --- HSP90 --- inhibitor --- apoptosis --- fucoidan --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- reactive oxygen species --- 3-alkylpyridinium polymers --- nicotine --- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor --- non-small cell lung carcinoma --- melanoma --- sinulariolide --- proteomic --- mitochondria --- caspase cascade --- marine fungus --- sediment --- anthranilic acid --- Penicillium paneum --- cytotoxicity --- dibromotyrosine --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- oxidative stress --- topoisomerase --- epigonal organ --- bonnethead shark --- Jurkat --- tumor cell line --- hippuristanol --- PEL --- AP-1 --- STAT3 --- Akt --- colorectal cancer --- marine mollusc --- brominated indoles --- shrimp --- chemoprevention --- fatty acids --- carotenoids --- cancer --- nanoparticle --- osteosarcoma --- lung metastasis --- elisidepsin --- lipid rafts --- hydroxylated lipids --- fatty acid 2-hydroxylase --- cooperative binding --- membrane permeabilization --- marine organisms --- polysaccharides --- anticancer --- anticarcinogenic --- mechanisms of action --- fumigaclavine C --- anti-proliferation --- mitochondrial pathway --- anti-cancer --- anti-proliferative --- carotenoid --- cell cycle arrest --- fucoxanthin --- azoxymethane --- bioactive natural product --- isatin --- in vivo model --- Marthasterias glacialis L. --- palmitic acid --- ER-stress --- CHOP --- Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) --- marine antitumor agents --- clinical trials --- approved antitumor agents --- AD0157 --- angiogenesis --- marine drug --- pyrrolidinedione --- secondary metabolites --- cancer preventive --- chemopreventive --- trabectedin --- plitidepsin --- tumor-associated macrophages --- tumor microenvironment --- preclinical --- anticancer immunity --- antiangiogenesis --- fascaplysin --- cyclin-dependent kinase --- small cell lung cancer --- camptothecin --- poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase inhibitor --- breast cancer --- seaweed --- therapeutic compounds --- autophagy --- marine drugs --- autophagy inhibitors --- autophagy inducers --- macrolide --- programmed cell death --- energy stress --- araguspongine C --- c-Met --- HER2 --- gemcitabine --- pazopanib --- phase I --- safety --- soft tissue sarcoma --- pachastrissamine --- jaspine B --- carbocyclic analogue --- sphingosine kinase inhibitor --- molecular modeling --- ET-743 --- DNA minor groove binder --- soft tissue sarcoma --- chemotherapy --- bis (2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methane (BDDPM) --- anti-metastatic activity --- cell adhesion --- β1-integrin --- FAK --- BEL-7402 cell --- triterpene glycosides --- sea cucumbers --- antitumor activities --- arrest of cell cycle --- antibacterial --- marangucyclines --- deep-sea --- Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 11594 --- LS-1 --- SNU-C5/5-FU --- TGF-β signaling --- carcinoembryonic antigen --- kalkitoxin --- Moorea producens --- mitochondria toxin --- VEGF --- angiogenesis inhibitor --- hypoxia-inducible factor-1 --- HIF-1 --- Lyngbya majuscula --- marine metabolites --- SZ-685C --- nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas --- Ecklonia cava --- phlorotannins --- dieckol --- migration --- sipholenol A --- ABC transporter --- multidrug resistance --- P-gp/ABCB1 --- BCRP/ABCG2 --- MRP1/ABCC1 --- marine natural products --- glioblastoma --- xyloketal B --- proliferation --- TRPM7 --- marine compound --- ribosomal protein genes --- snoRNA --- FAU --- RPS30 --- SNORA62 --- evolution --- Porifera --- Penicillium brevicompactum --- Brevianamide --- Mycochromenic acid derivative --- antifouling --- Caribbean sponge --- plakortide --- endoperoxide --- leukemia --- multi-drug resistant leukemia --- Sarcophyton ehrenbergi --- soft coral --- terpenes --- cembranoids --- cytotoxic activity --- molecular docking --- uveal melanoma --- oxidative stress --- virtual screening --- Topo I inhibitor --- low toxic --- natural product --- Ulva fasciata --- selenium-containing polysaccharide-protein complex --- pseudopterosin --- NF-κB --- p65 --- inflammation --- cytokine release --- IL-6 --- TNFα --- MCP-1 --- glucocorticoid receptor --- paulomycins --- Micromonospora --- antitumor --- Cantabrian Sea-derived actinobacteria --- puupehenones --- sponges --- antiangiogenic --- antitumoral --- porifera/sponge --- cancer genes --- molecular oncology --- bromophenol --- molecular mechanisms --- cell cycle --- PI3K/Akt --- p38/ERK --- ROS --- human lung cancer --- glycosaminoglycans --- antiproliferative --- heparan sulphate --- gliotoxin --- NSCLC --- adriamycin resistance --- Sepia ink polysaccharides --- antitumour --- chemosensitization --- anticoagulation --- sea anemone --- drug discovery --- endothelial cells --- RGD motif --- kunitz type inhibitor --- prostate cancer --- antioxidant --- natural marine compounds --- marine biotechnology --- microalgae --- marine sponges --- Aeroplysinin --- Isofistularin --- pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma --- metastasis --- cancer progression --- cell adhesion molecules --- integrin β1 --- hypoxia --- phycocyanin --- non-small cell lung cancer --- NF-κB signaling --- marine-derived drugs --- bioanalysis --- chromatography --- manzamine A --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition --- lung cancer --- circulating tumor cells --- signal transduction --- cisplatin --- Lampetra morii --- buccal gland --- cystatin F --- anti-angiogenesis --- cystatin superfamily --- Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) --- Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) --- non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) --- itampolin A --- FBDD --- p38α --- novel inhibitor --- tetracenomycin X --- cyclin D1 --- proteasomal degradation --- p38 --- c-JUN --- λ-carrageenan --- heparanase --- anticoagulant --- depolymerisation --- cell migration --- Aspergillus --- naphthopyrones --- endophytic fungus --- Leathesia nana --- mangrove-derived actinomycete --- ansamycins --- divergolides --- apoptosis-inducing activity --- actinomycin --- EMT --- invasion --- low molecular weight fucoidan extract --- N-Ras --- neuroblastoma-rat sarcoma --- Cancer --- programmed cell death-ligand 1 --- programmed cell death-ligand 2 --- human sarcoma cell line (HT1080 cells) --- human normal diploid fibroblast (TIG-1 cells) --- chimera --- chemical conjugation --- anticancer agent --- hybridization --- α9-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) --- breast cancer cells --- αO-conotoxin GeXIVA --- targeted therapy --- gorgonian --- Leptogorgia --- humulane sesquiterpenoids --- anticancer activity --- 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial --- HeLa cells --- Nur77 --- MAPK/ERK pathway --- Mycalin A --- C15 acetogenins --- synthetic analogues --- antiproliferative activity --- A375 and HeLa cell lines --- polyoxygenated steroids --- sponge --- Haliclona gracilis --- Thalassia testudinum --- thalassiolin B --- polyphenols --- CYP1A1 --- benzo[a]pyrene --- JNK1/2 --- natural products --- synergism --- A549 cells --- cytoskeleton --- P2X7 receptor --- pollution --- anti-angiogenic --- gene expression --- HSP90 --- inhibitor