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This updated version of the popular handbook further explains all aspects of physical vapor deposition (PVD) process technology from the characterizing and preparing the substrate material, through deposition processing and film characterization, to post-deposition processing. The emphasis of the new edition remains on the aspects of the process flow that are critical to economical deposition of films that can meet the required performance specifications, with additional information to support the original material. The book covers subjects seldom treated in the literature: substrate

Physical vapor deposition -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Physical vapor deposition. --- Mechanical Engineering --- Industrial & Management Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical vapor deposition --- Engineering --- Electronics --- Deposition, Physical vapor --- PVD (Physical vapor deposition) --- Vapor deposition, Physical --- Vapor-plating

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Steels and their heat treatment are still very important in modern industry because most industrial components are made from these materials. The proper choice of steel grades along with their suitable processing makes it possible to reduce the weight of the components, which is closely related to energy and fuel savings. This has decisive importance in branches such as the automotive, transport, consumer industries. A great number of novel heat- and surface-treatment techniques have been developed over the past three decades. These techniques involve, for example, vacuum treatment, sub-zero treatment, laser/electron beam surface hardening and alloying, low-pressure carburizing and nitriding, and physical vapour deposition. This Special Issue contains a collection of original research articles on not only advanced heat-treatment techniques—carburizing and sub-zero treatments—but also on the microstructure–property relationships in different ferrous alloys.

History of engineering & technology --- Vanadis 6 die steel --- surface finish --- nitriding --- PVD coating --- toughness --- fractography --- cryogenic treatment --- cryo-treatment --- mechanical properties --- microstructure --- cryo-processing --- 20Cr2Ni4A --- vacuum carburizing --- ion implantation --- rare earths --- catalysis --- carbon diffusion --- vanadis 6 steel --- sub-zero treatment at −75 °C --- hardness --- fracture toughness --- grade 92 steel weldment --- post-welding heat treatment --- tensile straining --- hydrogen embrittlement --- metallography and fractography --- ledeburitic tool steels --- carburizing --- rare-earth element pre-implantation --- sub-zero treatments --- Vanadis 6 die steel --- surface finish --- nitriding --- PVD coating --- toughness --- fractography --- cryogenic treatment --- cryo-treatment --- mechanical properties --- microstructure --- cryo-processing --- 20Cr2Ni4A --- vacuum carburizing --- ion implantation --- rare earths --- catalysis --- carbon diffusion --- vanadis 6 steel --- sub-zero treatment at −75 °C --- hardness --- fracture toughness --- grade 92 steel weldment --- post-welding heat treatment --- tensile straining --- hydrogen embrittlement --- metallography and fractography --- ledeburitic tool steels --- carburizing --- rare-earth element pre-implantation --- sub-zero treatments

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Steels and their heat treatment are still very important in modern industry because most industrial components are made from these materials. The proper choice of steel grades along with their suitable processing makes it possible to reduce the weight of the components, which is closely related to energy and fuel savings. This has decisive importance in branches such as the automotive, transport, consumer industries. A great number of novel heat- and surface-treatment techniques have been developed over the past three decades. These techniques involve, for example, vacuum treatment, sub-zero treatment, laser/electron beam surface hardening and alloying, low-pressure carburizing and nitriding, and physical vapour deposition. This Special Issue contains a collection of original research articles on not only advanced heat-treatment techniques—carburizing and sub-zero treatments—but also on the microstructure–property relationships in different ferrous alloys.

History of engineering & technology --- Vanadis 6 die steel --- surface finish --- nitriding --- PVD coating --- toughness --- fractography --- cryogenic treatment --- cryo-treatment --- mechanical properties --- microstructure --- cryo-processing --- 20Cr2Ni4A --- vacuum carburizing --- ion implantation --- rare earths --- catalysis --- carbon diffusion --- vanadis 6 steel --- sub-zero treatment at −75 °C --- hardness --- fracture toughness --- grade 92 steel weldment --- post-welding heat treatment --- tensile straining --- hydrogen embrittlement --- metallography and fractography --- ledeburitic tool steels --- carburizing --- rare-earth element pre-implantation --- sub-zero treatments

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Corrosion is a significant issue in many industrial fields. Among other strategies, coatings are by far the most important technology for corrosion protection of metallic surfaces. The Special Issue “Advanced Coatings for Corrosion Protection” has been launched as a means to present recent developments in any type of advanced coating for corrosion protection. This book compiles 15 contributions on metallic, inorganic, polymeric and nanoparticle enhanced coatings that provide corrosion protection as well as other functionalities.

Research & information: general --- fluorine free --- silanization --- superhydrophobic --- corrosion protection --- self-cleaning --- cathodic protection --- corrosion mitigation method --- potentiodynamic polarization test --- simulation --- pre-insulated pipeline --- zinc-rich coating --- cold galvanized coating --- durability --- magnesium --- microstructure --- coating --- corrosion --- polarization --- apatite --- scanning electrodeposition --- Ni-Fe-Co-P-CeO2 composite coating --- electrochemical corrosion behavior --- corrosion mechanism --- Zn-Al diffusion layer --- mechanical energy aided diffusion --- corrosion resistance --- electrochemistry --- aluminum foam --- electrodeposition --- compression test --- polyurea --- aging mechanism --- morphology --- chemical properties --- phase separation --- hydrogen bond --- magnesium alloy --- MAO coating --- corrosion behavior --- stratification phenomena --- marine environments --- aluminum alloy AlMg6 --- Al2O3 coating --- phase composition --- stress corrosion --- micro-arc oxidation --- polymer --- water hydraulic valve --- cavitation --- erosion --- coating selection --- molecular dynamics --- boride-based cermet --- laser cladding synthesis --- laser power --- hardness --- wear resistance --- MAX phase --- Ti2AlN --- PVD coating --- oxidation --- hydrogen permeation --- tungsten --- W-Cr-C coating --- carburization --- intergranular corrosion --- pitting corrosion --- stainless steel --- passivated --- electrochemical noise --- precipitation hardening --- metallic coatings --- anodizing layers --- passivation --- polymeric coatings --- laser cladding --- PVD --- superhydrophobic coatings --- composite coatings --- fluorine free --- silanization --- superhydrophobic --- corrosion protection --- self-cleaning --- cathodic protection --- corrosion mitigation method --- potentiodynamic polarization test --- simulation --- pre-insulated pipeline --- zinc-rich coating --- cold galvanized coating --- durability --- magnesium --- microstructure --- coating --- corrosion --- polarization --- apatite --- scanning electrodeposition --- Ni-Fe-Co-P-CeO2 composite coating --- electrochemical corrosion behavior --- corrosion mechanism --- Zn-Al diffusion layer --- mechanical energy aided diffusion --- corrosion resistance --- electrochemistry --- aluminum foam --- electrodeposition --- compression test --- polyurea --- aging mechanism --- morphology --- chemical properties --- phase separation --- hydrogen bond --- magnesium alloy --- MAO coating --- corrosion behavior --- stratification phenomena --- marine environments --- aluminum alloy AlMg6 --- Al2O3 coating --- phase composition --- stress corrosion --- micro-arc oxidation --- polymer --- water hydraulic valve --- cavitation --- erosion --- coating selection --- molecular dynamics --- boride-based cermet --- laser cladding synthesis --- laser power --- hardness --- wear resistance --- MAX phase --- Ti2AlN --- PVD coating --- oxidation --- hydrogen permeation --- tungsten --- W-Cr-C coating --- carburization --- intergranular corrosion --- pitting corrosion --- stainless steel --- passivated --- electrochemical noise --- precipitation hardening --- metallic coatings --- anodizing layers --- passivation --- polymeric coatings --- laser cladding --- PVD --- superhydrophobic coatings --- composite coatings

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Due to their unique size-dependent physicochemical properties, nanostructured thin films are used in a wide range of applications from smart coating and drug delivery to electrocatalysis and highly-sensitive sensors. Depending on the targeted application and the deposition technique, these materials have been designed and developed by tuning their atomic-molecular 2D- and/or 3D-aggregation, thickness, crystallinity, and porosity, having effects on their optical, mechanical, catalytic, and conductive properties. Several open questions remain about the impact of nanomaterial production and use on environment and health. Many efforts are currently being made not only to prevent nanotechnologies and nanomaterials from contributing to environmental pollution but also to design nanomaterials to support, control, and protect the environment. This Special Issue aims to cover the recent advances in designing nanostructured films focusing on environmental issues related to their fabrication processes (e.g., low power and low cost technologies, the use of environmentally friendly solvents), their precursors (e.g., waste-recycled, bio-based, biodegradable, and natural materials), their applications (e.g., controlled release of chemicals, mimicking of natural processes, and clean energy conversion and storage), and their use in monitoring environment pollution (e.g., sensors optically- or electrically-sensitive to pollutants)

polyhydroxibutyrate --- graphene oxide --- nanostructured films --- iridescence --- carbon nanotube --- corrosion --- biomaterial --- powders --- adsorption energy --- UPD --- plasma irradiation --- metallic nanoparticles --- STM --- nanospiral --- PA-PVD --- light trapping --- ruthenium --- aqueous dispersion --- DFT --- monomer synthesis --- ultrathin films --- galvanic displacement --- quantum confinement --- rod coating --- nanocomposite conductive polymers --- nanocrystalline cellulose --- phase transition performance --- La2O3 passivation layer --- interfacial energy --- lamination --- lysozyme --- nanofibrous membranes --- H2TPP --- poly(dimethylacrylamide) --- iron oxides --- water filtration --- hybrid deposition system --- Pt thin deposits --- reinforced --- wires --- self-assembly --- composite gel --- electron–phonon coupling --- barrier material --- PAS device --- hydrogel --- nanoscratch --- thin film --- polymeric matrix --- SEM --- silver --- sputtering --- optical transmittance --- wound dressing --- agarose --- XPEEM --- CERAMIS® --- highly oriented pyrolytic graphite --- FeO --- Raman scattering --- model system --- XPS --- photocatalysis --- photovoltaics --- atomic layer deposition --- chirality --- structural characterization --- polystyrene --- nanofiber --- 2D growth --- nanostructure --- biomedical --- VOCs selectivity --- silicon thin film --- electrodeposition --- electrocatalysis --- SLRR --- chemosensor --- CaxCoO2 --- spin coating --- nanocomposites --- Al2O3 --- metal-organic framework --- nanocoating of SiOx --- platinum --- symmetry --- PECVD --- thermal analysis --- first-principles calculation --- electrical properties --- biomimetic solvent sensors --- modulation structure --- nanofibers --- mercury vapors adsorbing layer --- hydrogenated amorphous carbon films --- phase transformation --- birefringence --- nanostructured back reflectors --- mesoporous --- silk sericin --- polymer nanoparticles --- LEEM --- SorpTest --- InAlN --- metamaterial --- microparticle deposition --- CdTe --- homogeneity --- luminous transmittance --- LDH --- hybrid material --- scaffolds --- MgO --- polystyrene sphere assisted lithography --- Ge surface engineering --- epitaxial growth --- AuNPs --- Kr physisorption --- plasma deposition --- ReB2/TaN multilayers --- vanadium dioxide --- FIB --- mask --- self-catalysed --- mesoporous graphene --- coating --- post-treatment --- Mg alloy --- photonic nanostructures --- ink --- deposition --- Mueller matrix --- electrospinning deposition --- polar semiconductors --- zinc oxide --- thin films --- Fe3O4 --- TiO2NPs --- mechanical flexibility --- hazardous organic solvents --- permeation --- interfacial model --- microscopy --- LEED --- electrical conductivity --- PVD