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Meso- to Neoarchean is a critical transitional period for the formation and evolution of continental crust and the corresponding geodynamic mechanisms, during which the average composition of continental crust gradually shifted from Na-enriched to K-enriched. However, the ultimate source of K and its enrichment mechanism in continental crust are still enigmatic. Moreover, fierce controversies remain on the Precambrian subdivision and late Archean geodynamic models of the North China Craton (NCC). Archean basement terranes in the Eastern Hebei-Western Liaoning Provinces, northern NCC display characteristic lithological zonation similar to those developed in modern convergent plate margins, and from northwest to southeast can be subdivided into the MORB-type tholeiite belt, oceanic arc tectonic belt, and K-rich granitoid belt. This book reports systematic field geological, petrographic, structural, whole-rock geochemical, and zircon U-Pb-Hf-O isotopic data for the various late Neoarchean lithological assemblages of the K-rich granitoid belt. Their deformational characteristics and petrogenesis are discussed in detail, and integrated with their spatiotemporal relationships and metamorphic features, a late Neoarchean active continental margin setting with multi-stage trench retreats and subsequent arc-continent collision is proposed to account for the formation and evolution of the K-rich granitoid belt. It also throws light upon the ultimate source and enrichment mechanism of K in the late Archean continental crust by comparing K-rich granitoid belt with the adjacent oceanic arc tectonic belt.

Geochemistry --- Geology. Earth sciences --- geochemie --- geologie --- Geodynamics. --- Geology, Stratigraphic --- Granite outcrops.

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Using examples from around the world, Piotr Migon offers a comprehensive view of the geomorphology of granite areas, showing how the specific characteristics of the rock itself influence natural landscapes, and why natural processes shaping the earth's surface act so distinctively on granite.

Geomorphology. --- Granite outcrops. --- Geomorphic geology --- Physiography --- Physical geography --- Landforms --- Granite --- Outcrops (Geology) --- Geomorphology --- Granite outcrops --- 553.521 --- Granitic rocks --- Igneous rocks --- 553.521 Granite deposits --- Granite deposits --- Granite. --- Geografie --- Fysische geografie --- Reliëfvormen --- (fluviatiel denudatief; tropische geomorfogie; reliëfvormen ten gevolge van wind, ijs, sneeuw, vorst en karst).

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‘Tensile Fracturing in Rocks’ presents field observations on fracturing of sedim- tary rocks and granite outcrops from various provinces in three continents. It also combines results of recent experiments conducted at different laboratories around the world with current theories on fracturing. In treating faults, this book limits itself to faults that are associated with joint sets produced by definable causes and occasi- ally to cases where interaction between the two types of fracture – faults and joints – is not clear. The book’s subject matter is divided over six chapters, which are briefly described below. Chapter 1 summarizes current key concepts in fracture physics. It starts with a pr- entation of the elastic theory of fracture, and concentrates on the results of linear el- tic fracture mechanics. The chapter touches also upon other fracture properties, e.g., crack nucleation, dynamic fracturing and slow fracturing processes. Nucleation is - dressed by statistical mechanics methods incorporating modern approaches of th- mal and fiber bundle processes. The analyses of dynamic fracturing and slow fract- ing focus on the differences, as compared to the linear elastic approach. The cont- versy in interpreting experimental dynamic results is highlighted, as are the surface morphology patterns that emerge in fracturing and the non-Griffith crack extension criterion in very slow fracturing processes.

Rocks --- Granite outcrops --- Geology, Structural. --- Fractography. --- Electromagnetic waves. --- Fracture. --- Testing. --- Electromagnetic energy --- Electromagnetic radiation --- Electromagnetic theory --- Waves --- Rock mechanics --- Microfractography --- Electron microscopy --- Fracture mechanics --- Metallography --- Metals --- Geotectonics --- Structural geology --- Tectonics (Geology) --- Physical geology --- Granite --- Outcrops (Geology) --- Petrology --- Stone --- Fracture --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Mineralogy. --- Geology. --- Physical geography. --- Structural Geology. --- Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Hydrogeology. --- Geography --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Crystallography --- Minerals --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Structural geology. --- Engineering geology. --- Engineering—Geology. --- Foundations. --- Hydraulics. --- Geophysics. --- Geohydrology --- Geology --- Hydrology --- Groundwater --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Physics --- Flow of water --- Water --- Hydraulic engineering --- Jets --- Architecture --- Building --- Structural engineering --- Underground construction --- Caissons --- Earthwork --- Masonry --- Soil consolidation --- Soil mechanics --- Walls --- Civil engineering --- Geology, Economic --- Flow --- Distribution --- Details