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This book presents a state-of-the-art report on recent advances concerning Ganoderma and where the field is going. Although some older work is also cited, the main focus is on advances made over the past 20 years in the pharmacology and clinical applications of Ganoderma. Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries to maintain health and to treat diseases for more than two thousand years. Recently, its value has been demonstrated in preventing and treating certain diseases, such as tumors, liver disorders, renal injury, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, cerebral ischemia reperfusion, bronchitis etc. In addition, laboratory and clinical studies have confirmed that the chemical components of Ganoderma, such as Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides and triterpenes isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, produce diverse pharmacological effects. Ganoderma and its components play an important part in antioxidant stress, radical-scavenging, immunomodulation, and intracellular signaling regulation, and accordingly warrant further study. This book systematically reviews the latest advances in our understanding of pharmacology and clinical applications of Ganoderma, and offers researchers and graduate students valuable new insights into the pharmacology and clinical applications of Ganoderma and related products.

Ganoderma. --- Ganodermataceae --- Pharmacology. --- Molecular biology. --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Cancer research --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect --- Farmacologia --- Medicina --- Biofarmàcia --- Biotransformació (Metabolisme) --- Dermofarmacologia --- Desenvolupament de medicaments --- Estabilitat dels medicaments --- Farmacocinètica --- Farmacogenètica --- Farmacologia cardiovascular --- Farmacologia clínica --- Farmacologia dental --- Farmacologia geriàtrica --- Farmacologia molecular --- Farmacologia obstètrica --- Farmacologia ocular --- Farmacologia pediàtrica --- Farmacologia respiratòria --- Farmacologia renal --- Farmacologia veterinària --- Immunofarmacologia --- Isòtops radioactius en farmacologia --- Neurofarmacologia --- Psicofarmacologia --- Química farmacèutica --- Radiofàrmacs --- Resistència als medicaments --- Toxicologia --- Medicaments --- Quimioteràpia --- Fotofarmacologia

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This Special Issue aims to highlight the dual potential of novel biocatalytic processes, where the first part is dedicated to waste valorization for the production of high value products, while the second part is focused on the detoxification of pollutants. Several examples of microbial systems employed for the valorization of waste streams derived by the forest, agricultural, and food industries or the use of whole-cell or enzyme approaches for the removal of nitrogen or dyes from industrial wastewaters are provided. Last but not least, an example of the utilization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) was highlighted for the production of fatty acids, which were used for the enzymatic synthesis of sugar esters with antimicrobial properties.

mixotrophic --- heterotrophic --- lipids --- fatty acid methyl esters --- dairy wastewater --- birch hydrolysate --- green algae --- Coelastrella --- Chlorella --- DyP peroxidase --- oxidoreductase --- reactive dye --- decolorization --- biopolymers --- medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) --- hydrolysed waste cooking oil --- Pseudomonas putida KT2440 --- biocatalysis --- bioprocess --- polyhydroxyalkanoate --- (R)-3-hydroxyacids --- sugar esters --- antimicrobial --- anammox --- immobilization --- wastewater treatment --- polyvinyl alcohol --- olive mill waste --- lignocellulosic residues --- Ganoderma lucidum --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- medicinal mushrooms --- glucan --- prebiotic --- Lactobacillus --- Bifidobacterium --- waste valorization --- laccase --- genome-mining --- heterologous expression --- Pseudomonas --- non-digestible oligosaccharides --- Celluclast® --- cellobiose --- conduritol-B-epoxide --- lignocellulose enzyme hydrolysis --- n/a

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This book presents a state-of-the-art report on recent advances concerning Ganoderma and where the field is going. Although some older work is also cited, the main focus is on advances made over the past 20 years in the research history, classification, chemical components and industry of Ganoderma. Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries to maintain health and to treat diseases for more than two thousand years. Recently, its value has been demonstrated in preventing and treating certain diseases, such as tumors, liver disorders, renal injury, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, cerebral ischemia reperfusion, bronchitis etc. In addition, laboratory and clinical studies have confirmed that the chemical components of Ganoderma, such as Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides and triterpenes isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, produce diverse pharmacological effects. Ganoderma and its components play an important part in antioxidant stress, radical-scavenging, immunomodulation, and intracellular signaling regulation, and accordingly warrant further study. This book systematically reviews the latest advances in our understanding of Ganoderma’s basic knowledge, history of modern research, species, cultivation, components, spore polysaccharide and industry of Ganoderma, and offers researchers and graduate students valuable new insights into the development and clinical applications of Ganoderma and related products.

Pharmacology. --- Molecular biology. --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Ganoderma. --- Ganodermataceae --- Cancer research --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect --- Medicina tradicional --- Xina --- Etnomedicina --- Folklore mèdic --- Medicina aborigen --- Medicina primitiva --- Folklore --- Medicina alternativa --- Curanderes --- Curanderos --- Antropologia mèdica --- Medicina popular --- Cathay --- China --- República de la Xina (1912-1949) --- República Popular de la Xina --- República Popular Xina --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Xina (República : 1912-1949) --- Àsia oriental --- Canton (Xina) --- Guangdong (Xina) --- Hainan (Xina : Sheng) --- Henan (Xina : Sheng) --- Hong Kong (Xina) --- Macau (Xina : Regió administrativa especial) --- Iang-Tsé (Xina : Curs d'aigua) --- Manxúria (Xina : Regió) --- Mongòlia Interior (Xina : Zizhiqu) --- Pequín (Xina) --- Sichuan (Xina : Sheng) --- Xinjiang (Xina : Regió) --- Xangai (Xina) --- Yunnan (Xina : Sheng) --- Brahmaputra (Àsia : Curs d'aigua) --- Tibet (Xina)

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Polymers are the largest and most versatile class of biomaterials, being extensively applied for therapeutic applications. From natural to synthetic polymers, the possibilities to design and modify their physical-chemical properties make these systems of great interest in a wide range of biomedical applications as diverse as drug delivery systems, organ-on-a-chip, diagnostics, tissue engineering, and so on.In recent years, advances in the synthesis and modification of polymers and characterization techniques have allowed the design of novel biomaterials as well as the study of their biological behavior in vitro and in vivo.The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight recent achievements in the synthesis and modification of polymers for biomedical applications for final applications in the field of biomedicine.

Technology: general issues --- Biotechnology --- biocomposite --- chitosan --- chlorhexidine --- coating --- hernia --- mesh infection --- nanoparticles --- PLGA --- polypropylene --- rifampicin --- 3D-bioprinting --- static mixer --- reactive hydrogel --- hyaluronic acid --- modified chitosan --- curcumin --- microwave --- interpenetrated polymer network --- semi-IPN --- methacrylated hyaluronic acid --- glycerylphytate --- mesenchymal stem cell --- bioadhesion --- biomaterials --- biomedical application --- healthcare system management --- innovation --- polymer based bioadhesive --- polymers --- magnetite nanoparticles --- Tween 80 --- synthesis --- nanotoxicology --- genotoxicity --- hemotoxicity --- soy protein --- film --- semiconductor --- biomaterial --- additive manufacturing --- sterilization --- medical devices --- bioabsorbable --- polymer --- biopolymer --- hydrogel --- microparticles --- dye release --- drug delivery system --- dual-responsiveness --- dendritic polyglycerol sulfates --- biofabrication --- microfluidics --- electrospinning --- 3D printing --- electrospraying --- natural polymers --- cell encapsulation --- polymeric prodrug --- dual-sensitive --- combination chemotherapy --- drug conjugation --- dextran --- hydrogels --- carboxymethyl cellulose --- succinoglycan --- metal coordination --- drug delivery --- swelling properties --- extracellular matrix --- external stimuli --- tissue maturation --- gelatin --- sodium carboxymethyl cellulose --- scaffold --- A549 cells --- freeze drying --- silicone rubber --- biomechanical --- hyper-elastic --- constitutive model --- FEA --- pH-sensitive hydrogel --- poly(acrylic acid) --- quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) --- ellipsometric measurement --- antibacterial activity --- Ganoderma lucidum --- polysaccharides --- cisplatin --- synergistic effect --- anti-lung cancer --- nanocellulose fiber --- low methoxyl pectin --- sodium alginate --- clindamycin --- pancreatic cancer --- gemcitabine --- controlled release --- non-woven sheet --- chemotherapy --- antitumor efficacy --- poly(L-lactic acid) --- antimicrobials agents --- amphiphilic block copolymer --- quaternized polymer --- hemolysis --- micelle --- black phosphorus --- polyetheretherketone --- lubrication properties --- antibacterial properties --- sensorineural hearing loss --- cochlear implants --- self-bending electrode arrays --- silicone rubber–hydrogel composites --- actuators --- swelling behavior --- curvature --- biocompatibility --- nanofibrous dura mater --- antifibrosis --- neuroprotection --- tetramethylpyrazine

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Polymers are the largest and most versatile class of biomaterials, being extensively applied for therapeutic applications. From natural to synthetic polymers, the possibilities to design and modify their physical-chemical properties make these systems of great interest in a wide range of biomedical applications as diverse as drug delivery systems, organ-on-a-chip, diagnostics, tissue engineering, and so on.In recent years, advances in the synthesis and modification of polymers and characterization techniques have allowed the design of novel biomaterials as well as the study of their biological behavior in vitro and in vivo.The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight recent achievements in the synthesis and modification of polymers for biomedical applications for final applications in the field of biomedicine.

Technology: general issues --- Biotechnology --- biocomposite --- chitosan --- chlorhexidine --- coating --- hernia --- mesh infection --- nanoparticles --- PLGA --- polypropylene --- rifampicin --- 3D-bioprinting --- static mixer --- reactive hydrogel --- hyaluronic acid --- modified chitosan --- curcumin --- microwave --- interpenetrated polymer network --- semi-IPN --- methacrylated hyaluronic acid --- glycerylphytate --- mesenchymal stem cell --- bioadhesion --- biomaterials --- biomedical application --- healthcare system management --- innovation --- polymer based bioadhesive --- polymers --- magnetite nanoparticles --- Tween 80 --- synthesis --- nanotoxicology --- genotoxicity --- hemotoxicity --- soy protein --- film --- semiconductor --- biomaterial --- additive manufacturing --- sterilization --- medical devices --- bioabsorbable --- polymer --- biopolymer --- hydrogel --- microparticles --- dye release --- drug delivery system --- dual-responsiveness --- dendritic polyglycerol sulfates --- biofabrication --- microfluidics --- electrospinning --- 3D printing --- electrospraying --- natural polymers --- cell encapsulation --- polymeric prodrug --- dual-sensitive --- combination chemotherapy --- drug conjugation --- dextran --- hydrogels --- carboxymethyl cellulose --- succinoglycan --- metal coordination --- drug delivery --- swelling properties --- extracellular matrix --- external stimuli --- tissue maturation --- gelatin --- sodium carboxymethyl cellulose --- scaffold --- A549 cells --- freeze drying --- silicone rubber --- biomechanical --- hyper-elastic --- constitutive model --- FEA --- pH-sensitive hydrogel --- poly(acrylic acid) --- quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) --- ellipsometric measurement --- antibacterial activity --- Ganoderma lucidum --- polysaccharides --- cisplatin --- synergistic effect --- anti-lung cancer --- nanocellulose fiber --- low methoxyl pectin --- sodium alginate --- clindamycin --- pancreatic cancer --- gemcitabine --- controlled release --- non-woven sheet --- chemotherapy --- antitumor efficacy --- poly(L-lactic acid) --- antimicrobials agents --- amphiphilic block copolymer --- quaternized polymer --- hemolysis --- micelle --- black phosphorus --- polyetheretherketone --- lubrication properties --- antibacterial properties --- sensorineural hearing loss --- cochlear implants --- self-bending electrode arrays --- silicone rubber–hydrogel composites --- actuators --- swelling behavior --- curvature --- biocompatibility --- nanofibrous dura mater --- antifibrosis --- neuroprotection --- tetramethylpyrazine