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Federal aid.

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Federal aid to museums

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Federal aid to Indians.

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Supplements research initially described in R-2638 on the six types of interference and four types of cross-subsidy encountered by school districts and schools in implementing multiple categorical programs. A telephone survey revealed both problems in all types of school districts; site studies in 20 schools disclosed at least two types of interference and one type of cross-subsidy in each school. The authors recommend assigning disadvantaged children to regular classrooms rather than to separate categories dictated by the structure of federal grants and requirements. They urge federal and state policymakers to find a way to provide localities with the grant funds that categorical services require, to provide verifiable standards to ensure that these funds are used for the disadvantaged, and to avoid the problems documented in this report. A brief appendix notes some successes.

Federal aid to education

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the aggregate effects of the many federal and state requirements that school districts must implement. It assessed whether the combination of all those requirements produced unintended outcomes. The study was initiated in 1979 and was intended to identify problems that Congress might try to rectify in its scheduled 1982-1983 review of federal education policy. This report identifies only problems caused by separate, federally funded and state funded education programs. Interference and cross-subsidy was found in all schools and districts in the sample. Problems of multiple program implementation can be minimized through the actions of both federal policymakers and local administrators. Local administrators need to acknowledge the reality of special programs for the disadvantaged and accept responsibility for their management.

Federal aid to education