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Dans la société médiévale, peuplée en majorité d'illettrés, accessibles seulement à l'oralité, les récits exemplaires (ou exempla) circulent dans tous les registres de la littérature didactique, depuis le Miroir des princes jusqu'au plus humble sermon prononcé devant un auditoire plus ou moins attentif. Afin de venir en aide au prédicateur en mal d'inspiration, les recueils d'anecdotes exemplaires se multiplient, à partir du xiiie siècle. Jean Gobi le Jeune ( † 1350) propose dans son Echelle du Ciel (Scala coeli) un millier de ces récits corsetés dans un appareil didactique sophistiqué. Mais malgré un objectif pastoral fortement affirmé dans son prologue, ce Dominicain se laisse parfois prendre au charme du conte, pour le plus grand plaisir de ses lecteurs et l'intérêt des spécialistes de l'histoire des textes. L'autre œuvre de Jean Gobi le Jeune - un dialogue avec un revenant - apparaît comme un maillon essentiel dans la mise en place du culte des âmes du purgatoire à partir du xive siècle. Ces textes, encore peu connus, sont analysés dans quatre perspectives complémentaires : exemplarité et éducation, une œuvre entre oralité et écriture, encadrement des comportements sociaux et des attitudes religieuses. Écrits en latin, ces ouvrages sont rendus accessibles aux lecteurs par de nombreuses traductions.

Exempla --- Civilization, Medieval. --- Education, Medieval. --- Preaching --- Civilisation médiévale --- Education médiévale --- Prédication --- History and criticism --- History --- Histoire et critique --- Histoire --- Gobi, Jean, --- Civilization, Medieval --- Education, Medieval --- -Anecdotes --- Didactic literature --- Homiletical illustrations --- Example --- Education --- Medieval education --- Seven liberal arts --- Learning and scholarship --- Medieval civilization --- Middle Ages --- Civilization --- Chivalry --- Renaissance --- Gobi, Jean --- -History and criticism --- -Education --- Civilisation médiévale --- Education médiévale --- Prédication --- Exempla in literature --- Gobius, Joannes, --- Exempla in literature. --- Exempla - History and criticism --- Exempla - Early works to 1800 --- Gobi, Jean, - fl. 1323-1350 --- récit exemplaire --- analyse littéraire --- écriture --- oralité --- exempla --- société médiévale --- conte populaire --- littérature didactique

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Little attention has been paid to the political and ideological significance of the exemplum, a brief narrative form used to illustrate a moral. Through a study of four major works in the Chaucerian tradition (The Canterbury Tales, John Gower's Confessio Amantis, Thomas Hoccleve's Regement of Princes, and Lydgate's Fall of Princes), Scanlon redefines the exemplum as a 'narrative enactment of cultural authority'. He traces its development through the two strands of the medieval Latin tradition which the Chaucerians appropriate: the sermon exemplum, and the public exemplum of the Mirrors of Princes. In so doing, he reveals how Chaucer and his successors used these two forms of exemplum to explore the differences between clerical authority and lay power, and to establish the moral and cultural authority of their emergent vernacular tradition.

Authority in literature --- Autorité dans la littérature --- Gezag in de literatuur --- Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Influence littéraire, artistique, etc. --- Invloed (Literaire, artistieke, enz.) --- Macht (Sociale wetenschappen) in de literatuur --- Medieval rhetoric --- Middeleeuwse retorica --- Narration (Rhetoric) --- Narration (Rhétorique) --- Narrative writing --- Pouvoir (Sciences sociales) dans la littérature --- Power (Social sciences) in literature --- Retorica [Middeleeuwse ] --- Rhetoric [Medieval ] --- Rhétorique médiévale --- Verhaal (Retoriek) --- English poetry --- -Exempla --- -Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Rhetoric, Medieval --- Didactic literature, Latin (Medieval and modern) --- Latin didactic literature, Medieval and modern --- Latin literature, Medieval and modern --- Narrative (Rhetoric) --- Rhetoric --- Discourse analysis, Narrative --- Narratees (Rhetoric) --- Artistic impact --- Artistic influence --- Impact (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Literary impact --- Literary influence --- Literary tradition --- Tradition (Literature) --- Art --- Influence (Psychology) --- Literature --- Intermediality --- Intertextuality --- Originality in literature --- Anecdotes --- Didactic literature --- Homiletical illustrations --- Example --- English literature --- History and criticism --- Chaucer, Geoffrey --- -Knowledge --- -Literature --- Power (Social sciences) in literature. --- Authority in literature. --- Exempla in literature. --- Rhetoric, Medieval. --- History and criticism. --- History --- Chaucer, Geoffrey, --- Knowledge --- Literature. --- Exempla in literature --- Chaucer, Jeffrey, --- Chʻiao-sou, Chieh-fu-lei, --- Chieh-fu-lei Chʻiao-sou, --- Choser, Dzheffri, --- Choser, Zheoffreĭ, --- Cosvr, Jvoffrvi, --- Tishūsar, Zhiyūfrī, --- Middle English, 1100-1500 --- Didactic literature [Latin ] (Medieval and modern) --- England --- Exempla --- English poetry - Middle English, 1100-1500 - History and criticism. --- Didactic literature, Latin (Medieval and modern) - England - History and criticism. --- Exempla - History and criticism. --- Arts and Humanities --- Poésie anglaise --- Contes --- Chaucer, Geoffrey - influence exercée