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The Politics of Higher Education: The Imperial University in Northern Song China uses the history of the Imperial University of the Northern Song to show the limits of the Song emperors' powers. At the time, the university played an increasingly dominant role in selecting government officials. This role somehow curtailed the authority of the Song emperors, who did not possess absolute power and, more often than not, found their actions to be constrained by the institution. The nomination mechanism left room for political maneuvering and stakeholders--from emperors to scholar-officials--tried to influence the process. Hence, power struggles among successive emperors trying to assert their imperial authority ensued. Demands for greater autonomy by officials were, for example, unceasing. Chu Ming-kin shows that the road to autocracy was anything but linear. In fact, during the Northern Song dynasty, competition and compromises over diverse agendas constantly altered the political landscape.
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Malgré des niveaux d'études élevés, les jeunes éprouvent des difficultés grandissantes à trouver leur place sur le marché du travail. Fruit d'une enquête sociologique auprès des diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur à la recherche de leur premier emploi, ce livre explore l'expérience de l'insertion professionnelle. Une fois le diplôme obtenu, les étudiants, souvent protégés des questionnements sur leur avenir professionnel pendant leurs études, sont plongés dans l'univers de la recherche d'emploi. Pour certains, la transition études/emploi est évidente (insertion prévisible) ; pour d'autres, un véritable travail de conformation aux attendus de l'emploi s'engage (insertion entravée) ; pour d'autres encore, l'insertion professionnelle est un impératif trop pressant qu'il s'agit, un temps au moins, de mettre à distance (insertion refusée). Par-delà la diversité des parcours, ce livre conclut à l'existence d'un modèle de relation formation-emploi français très particulier, qui fait de l'insertion professionnelle l'objectif ultime, l'horizon indépassable de la jeunesse française.
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This book has been written for students and graduates, providing a practical and positive approach to finding the perfect job; a guide to graduate level employability.
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The standard neo-classical model of wage setting predicts short-term effects of temporary labor market shocks on careers and low costs of recessions for both more and less advantaged workers. In contrast, a vast range of alternative career models based on frictions in the labor market suggests that labor market shocks can have persistent effects on the entire earnings profile. This paper analyzes the long-term effects of graduating in a recession on earnings, job mobility, and employer characteristics for a large sample of Canadian college graduates with different predicted earnings using matched university-employer-employee data from 1982 to 1999, and uses its results to assess the importance of alternative career models. We find that young graduates entering the labor market in a recession suffer significant initial earnings losses that eventually fade, but after 8 to 10 years. We also document substantial heterogeneity in the costs of recessions and important effects on job mobility and employer characteristics, but small effects on time worked. These adjustment patterns are neither consistent with a neo-classical spot market nor a complete scarring effect, but could be explained by a combination of time intensive search for better employers and long-term wage contracting. All results are robust to an extensive sensitivity analysis including controls for correlated business cycle shocks after labor market entry, endogenous timing of graduation, permanent cohort differences, and selective labor force participation.
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