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Engineering Expansion examines the U.S. Army's role in economic development from 1787 to 1860. The book shows how the Army shaped the American economy by expanding the nation's borders; maintaining the rule of law; building roads, bridges, and railroads; and creating manufacturing innovations that spread throughout the private sector.
Economic development --- History --- United States. --- History. --- United States --- Army --- Politics and government --- American Political Development. --- Army Corps of Engineers. --- Bureaucracy. --- Early America. --- Economic development. --- Industrialization. --- Infrastructure. --- Military history. --- State militia. --- Territorial expansion.
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American politics is typically a story about winners. The fading away of defeated politicians and political movements is a feature of American politics that ensures political stability and a peaceful transition of power. But American history has also been built on defeated candidates, failed presidents, and social movements that at pivotal moments did not dissipate as expected but instead persisted and eventually achieved success for the loser's ideas and preferred policies. With Legacies of Losing in American Politics, Jeffrey K. Tulis and Nicole Mellow rethink three pivotal moments in American political history: the founding, when anti-Federalists failed to stop the ratification of the Constitution; the aftermath of the Civil War, when President Andrew Johnson's plan for restoring the South to the Union was defeated; and the 1964 presidential campaign, when Barry Goldwater's challenge to the New Deal order was soundly defeated by Lyndon B. Johnson. In each of these cases, the very mechanisms that caused the initial failures facilitated their eventual success. After the dust of the immediate political defeat settled, these seemingly discredited ideas and programs disrupted political convention by prevailing, often subverting, and occasionally enhancing constitutional fidelity. Tulis and Mellow present a nuanced story of winning and losing and offer a new understanding of American political development as the interweaving of opposing ideas.
Federal government --- Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877) --- Johnson, Andrew, --- Goldwater, Barry M. --- United States --- Politics and government. --- American political development. --- Andrew Johnson. --- Anti-Federalists. --- Barry Goldwater. --- Founding. --- New Deal. --- Reconstruction. --- constitutional moments. --- liberal tradition. --- multiple traditions.
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How universities can navigate affirmative action bans to protect diversity in student admissionsDiversity in higher education is under attack as the Supreme Court considers the future of affirmative action, or race-conscious admissions practices, at American colleges and universities. In On the Basis of Race, Lauren S. Foley sheds light on our current crisis, exploring the past, present, and future of this contentious policy.From Brown v. Board of Education in the mid-twentieth century to the current Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Foley explores how organizations have resisted and complied with public policies regarding race. She examines how admissions officers, who have played an important role in the long fight to protect racial diversity in higher education, work around the law to maintain diversity after affirmative action is banned. Foley takes us behind the curtain of student admissions, shedding light on how multiple universities, including the University of Michigan, have creatively responded to affirmative action bans. On the Basis of Race traces the history of a controversial idea and policy, and provides insight into its uncertain future.
Affirmative action programs in education --- Discrimination in higher education --- Educational equalization --- Higher education and state --- Multicultural education --- American political development. --- American racial politics. --- Students for Fair Admission. --- affirmative action. --- desegregation. --- integration. --- law-in-action. --- legal mandate. --- racial diversity and admissions. --- racial politics. --- resistant compliance.
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The Bank of the United States sparked several rounds of intense debate over the meaning of the Constitution's Necessary and Proper Clause, which authorizes the federal government to make laws that are "necessary" for exercising its other powers. Our standard account of the national bank controversy, however, is incomplete. The controversy was much more dynamic than a two-sided debate over a single constitutional provision and was shaped as much by politics as by law. With Reconstructing the National Bank Controversy, Eric Lomazoff offers a far more robust account of the constitutional politics of national banking between 1791 and 1832. During that time, three forces-changes within the Bank itself, growing tension over federal power within the Republican coalition, and the endurance of monetary turmoil beyond the War of 1812 -drove the development of our first major debate over the scope of federal power at least as much as the formal dimensions of the Constitution or the absence of a shared legal definition for the word "necessary." These three forces-sometimes alone, sometimes in combination-repeatedly reshaped the terms on which the Bank's constitutionality was contested. Lomazoff documents how these three dimensions of the polity changed over time and traces the manner in which they periodically led federal officials to adjust their claims about the Bank's constitutionality. This includes the emergence of the Coinage Clause-which gives Congress power to "coin money, regulate the value thereof"-as a novel justification for the institution. He concludes the book by explaining why a more robust account of the national bank controversy can help us understand the constitutional basis for modern American monetary politics.
Constitutional history --- Law --- Banking law --- Political aspects --- History --- Bank of the United States (1791-1811) --- Bank of the United States (1816-1836) --- History. --- American political development. --- Bank of the United States. --- Coinage Clause. --- Democratic-Republican Party. --- Early American Republic. --- McCulloch v. Maryland (1819). --- Necessary and Proper Clause. --- constitutional history. --- national bank. --- public law.
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A compelling explanation of the American public's acceptance of LGBT freedoms through the lens of pop culture. How did gay people go from being characterized as dangerous perverts to military heroes and respectable parents? How did the interests of the LGBT movement and the state converge to transform mainstream political and legal norms in these areas? Using civil rights narratives, pop culture, and critical theory, LGBT Inclusion in American Life tells the story of how exclusion was transformed into inclusion in US politics and society, as pop culture changed mainstream Americans thinking about "non-gay" issues, namely privacy, sex and gender norms, and family. Susan Burgess explores films such as Casablanca, various James Bond movies, and Julie and Julia, and television shows such as Thirtysomething and The Americans, as well as the Broadway sensation Hamilton, as sources of growing popular support for LGBT rights. By drawing on popular culture as a rich source of public understanding, Burgess explains how the greater public came to accept and even support the three central pillars of LGBT freedoms in the post-World War II era: to have consensual adult sex without fear of criminal penalty, to serve openly in the military, and to marry legally. LGBT Inclusion in American Life argues that pop culture can help us to imagine unknown futures that lead beyond what we currently desire from contemporary politics, and in return asks now that the mainstream public has come to accept LGBT freedoms, where might the popular imagination be headed in the future? -- Provided by publisher.
Sexual minorities --- Sexual minorities in popular culture --- History. --- Social conditions. --- Public opinion. --- Civil rights --- Gender minorities --- GLBT people --- GLBTQ people --- Lesbigay people --- LBG people --- LGBT people --- LGBTQ people --- Non-heterosexual people --- Non-heterosexuals --- Sexual dissidents --- Minorities --- Popular culture --- American Political Development. --- American Politics. --- Civil Rights and Liberties. --- Critical Race Theory. --- Family and Politics. --- Gays in the Military. --- LGBTQ Politics. --- LGBTs in the Military. --- Marriage Equality. --- Political Imagination. --- Pop Culture and Politics. --- Right to Privacy. --- Transgender Rights. --- War Movies and Politics. --- Sociology of culture --- Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- United States of America --- United States
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Lawmaking is crucial to American democracy because it completely defines and regulates the public life of the nation. Yet despite its importance, political scientists spend very little time studying the direct impact that the politics surrounding a particular issue has on lawmaking. The Substance of Representation draws on a vast range of historical and empirical data to better understand how lawmaking works across different policy areas. Specifically, John Lapinski introduces a theoretically grounded method for parsing policy issues into categories, and he shows how policymaking varies in predictable ways based on the specific issue area being addressed. Lapinski examines the ways in which key factors that influence policymaking matter for certain types of policy issues, and he includes an exhaustive look at how elite political polarization shifts across these areas. He considers how Congress behaves according to the policy issue at hand, and how particular areas--such as war, sovereignty issues, and immigration reform--change legislative performance. Relying on records of all Congressional votes since Reconstruction and analyzing voting patterns across policy areas from the late nineteenth to late twentieth centuries, Lapinski provides a comprehensive historical perspective on lawmaking in order to shed light on current practices. Giving a clear picture of Congressional behavior in the policymaking process over time, The Substance of Representation provides insights into the critical role of American lawmaking.
Legislation --- United States. --- United States --- Politics and government. --- 95th Congress. --- American democracy. --- American lawmaking. --- American political development. --- American politics. --- Congress. --- Congressional behaviour. --- House of Representatives. --- Theodore Lowi. --- U.S. Comgress. --- U.S. Congress. --- U.S. lawmakers. --- U.S. senators. --- congressional studies. --- contemporary lawmaking. --- deductive theory. --- elite polarization. --- elite political polarization. --- lawmaking. --- legislation. --- legislative accomplishment. --- legislative behavior. --- legislative output. --- legislative productivity. --- normal science. --- policy classification schemas. --- policy issue area. --- policy issue substance. --- policy substance. --- policy-coding schema. --- policymaking process. --- policymaking. --- political behavior. --- political polarization. --- political preferences. --- politics. --- roll call votes. --- roll call voting. --- substance-oriented research.
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The National Rifle Association is one of the most powerful interest groups in America, and has consistently managed to defeat or weaken proposed gun regulations - even despite widespread public support for stricter laws and the prevalence of mass shootings and gun-related deaths. 'Firepower' provides an unprecedented look at how this controversial organization built its political power and deploys it on behalf of its pro-gun agenda. Taking readers from the 1930s to the age of Donald Trump, Matthew Lacombe traces how the NRA's immense influence on national politics arises from its ability to shape the political outlooks and actions of its followers. He draws on nearly a century of archival records and surveys to show how the organization has fashioned a distinct worldview around gun ownership and used it to mobilize its supporters.
Gun control --- Firearms ownership --- Firearms owners --- Gun owners --- Owners of firearms --- Persons --- Gun ownership --- Ownership of firearms --- Political aspects --- Political activity --- National Rifle Association of America. --- Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) --- GOP (Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )) --- Grand Old Party --- National Union Party (U.S. : 1854- ) --- National Union Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) --- Republican Party --- Republicans (Political party : U.S. : 1854- ) --- Respublikanskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ SShA (U.S. : 1854- ) --- Union Party (U.S. : 1854- ) --- Union Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) --- N.R.A. --- National Rifle Association (U.S.) --- NRA --- American Rifleman. --- American political development. --- Charlton Heston nra. --- Charlton Heston. --- Columbine. --- George Wood Wingate. --- Liberal Gun Club. --- Sandy Hook. --- Tea Party. --- Washington lobbyists. --- Wayne LaPierre. --- William Conant Church. --- bump stocks. --- culture war. --- elementary school shooting. --- gun control. --- gun owner identity. --- gun politics. --- gun rights. --- gun safety. --- identity politics. --- lobbying. --- mass shooting statistics. --- militias. --- mixed methods. --- nra influence. --- nra money. --- nra power. --- polarization. --- political parties. --- social identity. --- text analysis. --- Pressure groups
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The transformation of the American South--from authoritarian to democratic rule--is the most important political development since World War II. It has re-sorted voters into parties, remapped presidential elections, and helped polarize Congress. Most important, it is the final step in America's democratization. Paths Out of Dixie illuminates this sea change by analyzing the democratization experiences of Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina. Robert Mickey argues that Southern states, from the 1890's until the early 1970's, constituted pockets of authoritarian rule trapped within and sustained by a federal democracy. These enclaves--devoted to cheap agricultural labor and white supremacy--were established by conservative Democrats to protect their careers and clients. From the abolition of the whites-only Democratic primary in 1944 until the national party reforms of the early 1970's, enclaves were battered and destroyed by a series of democratization pressures from inside and outside their borders. Drawing on archival research, Mickey traces how Deep South rulers--dissimilar in their internal conflict and political institutions--varied in their responses to these challenges. Ultimately, enclaves differed in their degree of violence, incorporation of African Americans, and reconciliation of Democrats with the national party. These diverse paths generated political and economic legacies that continue to reverberate today. Focusing on enclave rulers, their governance challenges, and the monumental achievements of their adversaries, Paths Out of Dixie shows how the struggles of the recent past have reshaped the South and, in so doing, America's political development.
Democratization --- Since 1865 --- Southern States --- Politics and government --- African Americans. --- American political development. --- Brown v. Board of Education. --- Civil Rights Act 1964. --- Clemson College. --- Deep South. --- Dixiecrats. --- Georgia. --- Harry S. Truman. --- Herman Talmadge. --- James Meredith. --- Mississippi. --- National Democratic Party. --- Reconstruction. --- Republicans. --- Smith v. Allwright. --- South Carolina. --- South. --- States' Rights Party. --- U.S. Supreme Court. --- University of Georgia. --- University of Mississippi. --- Voting Rights Act 1965. --- White Citizens' Council. --- authoritarian enclaves. --- authoritarian rule. --- black education. --- black insurgency. --- black politics. --- black protest. --- democracy. --- democratic rule. --- democratization. --- desegregation. --- economic development. --- elites. --- factional conflict. --- harnessed revolution. --- intraparty conflict. --- massive resistance. --- one-party rule. --- party factionalism. --- party reforms. --- party-state capacity. --- partyгtate institutions. --- political authority. --- political culture. --- political development. --- political geography. --- presidential elections. --- racial equality. --- regime change. --- subnational authoritarianism. --- subnational democratization. --- suffrage. --- voting rights. --- white primary. --- white supremacy.
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During the Jim Crow era, the Democratic Party dominated the American South, presiding over a racially segregated society while also playing an outsized role in national politics. In this compelling book, Devin Caughey provides an entirely new understanding of electoral competition and national representation in this exclusionary one-party enclave. Challenging the notion that the Democratic Party's political monopoly inhibited competition and served only the Southern elite, he demonstrates how Democratic primaries-even as they excluded African Americans-provided forums for ordinary whites to press their interests.Focusing on politics during and after the New Deal, Caughey shows that congressional primary elections effectively substituted for partisan competition, in part because the spillover from national party conflict helped compensate for the informational deficits of elections without party labels. Caughey draws on a broad range of historical and quantitative evidence, including archival materials, primary election returns, congressional voting records, and hundreds of early public opinion polls that illuminate ideological patterns in the Southern public. Defying the received wisdom, this evidence reveals that members of Congress from the one-party South were no less responsive to their electorates than members from states with true partisan competition.Reinterpreting a critical period in American history, The Unsolid South reshapes our understanding of the role of parties in democratic theory and sheds critical new light on electoral politics in authoritarian regimes.
Democracy --- Political parties --- History. --- History. --- American South. --- American history. --- American political development. --- Democratic Party. --- Democratic primaries. --- Great Depression. --- Jim Crow South. --- Jim Crow era. --- New Deal liberalism. --- New Deal. --- Southern Democrats. --- Southern MCs. --- Southern conservatism. --- Southern politics. --- Southern public. --- Southern representatives. --- Southern senators. --- U.S. Congress. --- accountability. --- authoritarian regimes. --- congressional politics. --- congressional representation. --- congressional responsiveness. --- democracy. --- democratic politics. --- democratic regimes. --- democratic theory. --- electoral democracy. --- electoral participation. --- electoral politics. --- ideological diversity. --- ideological evolution. --- income taxation. --- item response theory. --- mass politics. --- minimum wages. --- multiparty system. --- national policymaking. --- old-age pensions. --- one-party South. --- one-party system. --- partisan competition. --- partisan electoral competition. --- political exclusion. --- political participation. --- political parties. --- public opinion. --- racial segregation. --- redistribution. --- regulation. --- representation. --- selectoral connection. --- social welfare. --- two-party North. --- union security agreements. --- voters. --- white polyarchy model.
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