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Book
Einige Prinzipien des Textaufbaus : Empirische Untersuchungen zur Produktion mündlicher Texte
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ISBN: 3484311843 9783484311848 3110918498 Year: 2015 Volume: 184 Publisher: Tübingen : Max Niemeyer Verlag,

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In dieser Arbeit geht es um die verschiedenen Faktoren, die den inhaltlichen Aufbau und die Wahl spezifischer Ausdrucksmittel im Prozeß der Textproduktion steuern. Es wird zunächst ein Beschreibungsinstrumentarium entwickelt, das Textstrukturen auf globaler und lokaler Ebene integrativ abzubilden erlaubt. Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchungen ist die schon aus der antiken Rhetorik vertraute These, daß die kommunikative Aufgabe, die Quaestio, die der Text in seiner Gesamtheit zu beantworten versucht, wesentliche strukturelle und inhaltliche Vorgaben für die Gestaltung eines Textes macht. Diese These wird anhand umfangreichen empirischen Materials belegt. Als Datenbasis werden mündlich produzierte Erzählungen, Beschreibungen und Instruktionen herangezogen, die unter kontrollierten Bedingungen erhoben wurden. Ebenfalls untersucht wird die Rolle kognitiver Faktoren auf die Textplanung. Hierunter verstehen wir spezifische Vorgaben, die mit der thematisierten Wissensbasis verbunden sind. Im einzelnen wird nachgewiesen, daß die Art der Wissensaufnahme (Kognitionsphase), die Merkmale der verbalisierten Wissensstruktur (hierarchischer Aufbau, Standardisiertheit) und das beim Hörer unterstellte einschlägige Vorwissen (Hörermodell) Inhalt und Form von Texten systematisch beeinflussen. Eine detaillierte Untersuchung des Gebrauchs hypotaktischer Ausdrucksmittel belegt, daß diese Form konsequent zum Erhalt global gesetzter Strukturvorgaben (wie Perspektive, Granularitätsniveau, Linearisierungskriterium) verwendet wird. Die Ergebnisse der empirischen Analysen werden im Lichte bestehender Modelle der Textproduktion diskutiert. Es zeigt sich, daß strikt modulare und sequentielle Modelle diesen Ergebnissen nicht gerecht werden können.


Book
Temporalität in der Zweitsprache : Eine Untersuchung zum Erwerb des Deutschen durch türkische Gastarbeiter
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ISBN: 3110868660 Year: 2019 Publisher: Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter,

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Foreign workers

Räumliche Konzepte und sprachliche Strukturen
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3484304170 3111855791 3110952165 Year: 2012 Volume: 417 Publisher: Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter,

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For an interdisciplinary approach to linguistics spatial concepts are of especial significance in that they represent a link between linguistic and extra-linguistic cognition. In language production spatial representations form the starting-point for a class of linearization processes; vice versa, in language reception we have delinearization processes building up mental spatial representations from linguistic structures. Such processes are subject to restrictions specific to individual languages and resting on the respective relations between the language system and the conceptual system of spatial categories and relations. Räumliche Konzepte sind für eine interdisziplinär orientierte Linguistik von besonderer Bedeutung, da sie ein Bindeglied zwischen sprachlicher und außersprachlicher Kognition darstellen. Räumliche Repräsentationen bilden in der Sprachproduktion den Ausgangspunkt für eine Klasse von Linearisierungsprozessen; dual hierzu existieren in der Sprachrezeption Delinearisierungsprozesse, die aus sprachlichen Strukturen mentale räumliche Repräsenationen aufbauen. Derartige Prozesse unterliegen einzelsprachlichen Beschränkungen, die auf spezifischen Beziehungen zwischen dem sprachlichen System und dem konzeptuellen System räumlicher Kategorien und Relationen beruhen.


Book
Räumliche Konzepte und sprachliche Strukturen
Authors: ---
Year: 2000 Publisher: Tübingen : Max Niemeyer,

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Book
Principles of information organization in language use : on the L2 acquisition of complex conceptual structures
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2013 Publisher: Berlin De Gruyter

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Book
Thinking and Speaking in Two Languages
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 128314767X 1847693385 1847693369 1847694934 9781847693389 9781847694935 9781283147675 9781847693372 1847693377 9781847693365 1847693377 9781847693372 9786613147677 Year: 2011 Publisher: Bristol Blue Ridge Summit

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Until recently, the history of debates about language and thought has been a history of thinking of language in the singular. The purpose of this volume is to reverse this trend and to begin unlocking the mysteries surrounding thinking and speaking in bi- and multilingual speakers. If languages influence the way we think, what happens to those who speak more than one language? And if they do not, how can we explain the difficulties second language learners experience in mapping new words and structures onto real-world referents? The contributors to this volume put forth a novel approach to second language learning, presenting it as a process that involves conceptual development and restructuring, and not simply the mapping of new forms onto pre-existing meanings.

Typology and Second Language Acquisition

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In recent years research on comparative typology has led to reveal regularities and to formulate new constraints upon variation for a broad range of phenomena. As the amount of typological research increased, a growing interest arose for the implications that findings in the typological field might have on second language acquisition. Written by experts in the field of typology and/or second language acquisition, this volume addresses theoretical and empirical issues on structural domains such as relative clauses and possessive constructions as well as pragmatic considerations on information organization in learners productions.

The Structure of Learner Varieties

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This volume brings together ten contributions to the study of untutored (mainly) second but also first language acquisition. All chapters have been written from a functionalist perspective and take as the main theoretical framework a model of spontaneous second language acquisition centered on the "basic variety" as proposed by Klein and Perdue. The chapters in the volume are grouped around two research themes. The first theme concerns the acquisition of scope phenomena (negation, scope particles), the second one deals with referential movement (reference to person, time and space). Both parts provide insights in the structure of learner varieties at various stages of development, and are followed by a discussion chapter. Scope phenomena, such as negation and frequency adverbials present an important learning problem, as learners have to reconcile the logical structure of their utterances with the syntactic specifics of the language being learned. Their acquisition has been relatively neglected in studies up to date, however, and we even lack detailed knowledge about the interpretation of scope particles in the target languages. The chapters in this part of the volume set out to provide more knowledge about scope phenomena in general; more detailed descriptions of the particles in the languages under consideration; and a more general understanding of how scope is acquired. Strong findings resulting from the "ESF" project suggested universal trends in how untutored learners deal with acquisition in the very early stages (the basic variety). Chapters in this second part of the volume on referential movement look at acquisition at more advanced stages, including the production of near native speakers. Learners who progress beyond the basic variety increasingly grammaticalise their productions. This later development is supposedly more variable, as more specific aspects of the target languages are now being acquired. Chapters in this part allow to shed more light on the question regarding universal and language-specific influences on language acquisition.


Book
Modality in Language Acquisition / Modalité et acquisition des langues

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Comparative Perspectives on Language Acquisition
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 1847696058 1280120894 9786613524751 184769604X 9781847696045 9781280120893 9781847696052 9781847696038 1847696031 Year: 2012 Publisher: Bristol Blue Ridge Summit

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This volume aims to provide a broad view of second language acquisition within a comparative perspective that addresses results concerning adult and child learners across a variety of source and target languages. It brings together contributions at the forefront of language acquisition research that consider a wide range of open questions: What are the precise mechanisms underlying acquisition? How can we characterize learners’ initial state and predict their degree of final achievement? What role do specific (typological) properties of source and target languages play? How does fossilization occur? How does the relative complexity of cognitive systems in adult and child learners affect acquisition? Does language learning influence cognitive organization? Can language learning shed light on our general understanding of human language and language processing?

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