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This study is based on newly recovered documentation pertaining to music and the patronage of music in the court of René d'Anjou, especially on the singers of his chapel. The book includes unpublished notarial records of Josquin Desprez and other musicians. These findings -- some of which alter our assessment of musicians' biographies and service, primary sources, and repertoire -- are considered in the context the literary program, theatrical productions, visual culture, liturgical observance, and ceremonial of the court.

Music patronage --- Music --- René --- Josquin, --- Provence (France) --- History --- Medieval music --- Music, Medieval --- Music, Renaissance --- Renaissance music --- Business patronage of music --- Corporations --- Maecenatism --- Patronage of music --- Performing arts sponsorship --- René --- De Pres, Josquin, --- Deprès, Josquin, --- Des Prés, Josquin, --- Des Prez, Josquin, --- Després, Josquin, --- Desprez, Josquin, --- Dupré, Josquin, --- Jodocus, --- Josse, --- Jusquin, --- Pres, Josquin de, --- Pres, Josquin des, --- Prez, Josquin des, --- History. --- Josquin des Prez --- Josquinus Pratensis --- Jodocus Pratensis --- Jodocus a Prato --- Josquin Desprez --- des Prez, Josquin --- Desprez, Josquin --- Des Prés, Josquin --- Després, Josquin --- Lebloitte, Jossequin --- Lebloitte, Josquin --- Music patronage - France - Provence - 15th century --- Music - 15th century --- René - I, - King of Naples and Jerusalem, - 1409-1480 --- Josquin, - des Prez, - -1521 --- Provence (France) - History

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Niebuhr, Reinhold,

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During a lifetime of active involvement in American political life, Reinhold Niebuhr did much good and a certain amount of mischief. Both the good and the mischief are traceable to the same source: his faith. For too long, Niebuhr has been misrepresented by the political theorists and the historians as a link in the pragmatic tradition. It is time we began to do Niebuhr the justice of taking him at his own evaluation - as a dogmatic Christian. The meaning of his own life, he believed, was in the keeping of God. And so, he believed, was the meaning of his nation's history. He believed that history was radically open to all possibilities of both good and evil until its end—and he could thus nonchalantly apply to America's collective destiny the dictum of St. Paul that he applied to his own: that, "whether we live, we live unto the Lord, and whether we die, we die unto the Lord; whether we live therefore or die we are the Lord's."

Christianity and politics. --- Niebuhr, Reinhold,

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The core of this study involves the enormous number of documents on musicians and musical patronage in the Sforza Court recovered in Milanese archives and elsewhere.The core of this history involves the enormous number of documents on musicians and musical patronage recovered in Milanese archives and elsewhere during the course of our research. This evidence bears on the performing organizations of the court chapel and the biscantori of the Duomo, polyphonic sources of both sacred and secular music, the monophonic observance of the liturgy, the recruitment of singers, circumstances and working conditions, requirements of clients, demands and preferences of patrons, the tangled process of the procurement of benefices, jailing, and even espionage. It pertains to the biographies and activities of musicians, including the most influential composer of the late fifteenth century, Josquin Desprez, who we know lived and worked in Milan for more than twenty years, including the entire period of Duke Galeazzo Sforza's renowned chapel of Franco-Flemish singers, one that contained the most illustrious musicians in Europe. Within the chapel a new genre of music was cultivated and musical works that exemplified the high renaissance period were composed and performed. Later, under Ludovico Sforza, Franchino Gafori wrote several theory treatises and compiled polyphonic sources of great importance. Findings in the documents have necessitated a re-evaluation of all three, including the revision of dates for a substantial part of the repertory. All historians are familiar with the long and well established tradition in which the Medici and the city of Florence have been cast as the vanguard of modernism. Although no one would wish to detract from the brilliant history of Florence, recently it has been argued that Milan was the first city state to develop modern government (along with its bureaucracy), and diplomacy, both of which pertain directly to the musicians and music of this study.

Sforza [Family] --- Music --- Music patronage --- Chapels (Music) --- Musicians --- Musique --- Chapelles (Musique) --- Musiciens --- History and criticism. --- Social conditions --- Economic conditions --- Histoire et critique --- Mécénat --- Conditions sociales --- Conditions économiques --- Sforza family --- 780.945 --- Arts Music Italy --- Mécénat --- Conditions économiques --- Art music --- Art music, Western --- Classical music --- Musical compositions --- Musical works --- Serious music --- Western art music --- Western music (Western countries) --- Business patronage of music --- Corporations --- Maecenatism --- Patronage of music --- Performing arts sponsorship --- History and criticism --- Josquin, --- Sforza family. --- De Pres, Josquin, --- Deprès, Josquin, --- Des Prés, Josquin, --- Des Prez, Josquin, --- Després, Josquin, --- Desprez, Josquin, --- Dupré, Josquin, --- Jodocus, --- Josse, --- Jusquin, --- Pres, Josquin de, --- Pres, Josquin des, --- Prez, Josquin des, --- Milan (Italy) --- Mailand (Italy) --- Milano (Italy) --- Milão (Italy) --- Mediolanum (Italy) --- Comune di Milano (Italy) --- Social life and customs. --- Italy --- 15th century --- Josquin des Prez --- Josquinus Pratensis --- Jodocus Pratensis --- Jodocus a Prato --- Josquin Desprez --- des Prez, Josquin --- Desprez, Josquin --- Des Prés, Josquin --- Després, Josquin --- Lebloitte, Jossequin --- Lebloitte, Josquin --- Music patronage - Italy - Milan --- Music - Italy - Milan - 15th century - History and criticism --- Musicians - Employment - Italy - Milan - 15th century --- Josquin, - des Prez, - -1521 --- Milan (Italy) - Social life and customs. --- Muziekgeschiedenis --- Italië --- Milaan --- 15e eeuw --- Social conditions. --- Economic conditions. --- patronage