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i9;l2;l8;k2;o1;l5;l9;n0;l2;k2; o0;l5;m0;k7;l3;o0;t9;k7;l5;m4;o0;n3; o0; k5;k7;l5;l6;m4;l0;k6;: k3;l6;l8;l6;m0;n0;k3;k2; k9;k2; o0;l9;m0;l6;l8;o0;n2;, l4;l6;k4;m1; m0;k2; l2;m1;l3;n0;m0;m1;l8;m1; k4; 1920-m3; m0;k2; 1930-m3; l8;l6;l2;k2;m3;EN:This study focuses on the first group targeted in the genocide known as the Holodomor: the Ukrainian intelligentsia, or the “brain of the nation,” to use the words of Raphael Lemkin, who coined the term genocide and enshrined it in international law. The study’s author examines complex and devastating effects of the Holodomor on Ukrainian society during the 1920–1930s. Members of the intelligentsia had individual and professional responsibilities. They resisted, but they were eventually forced to serve the Soviet regime. The Ukrainian intelligentsia was virtually wiped out, including most of its writers and a third of its teachers, and the remaining cadres faced a choice without a choice if they wanted to survive. The author analyzes how and why this process occurred and what role intellectuals, especially teachers, played in shaping, contesting, and inculcating history. Crucially, the author challenges Western perceptions of the all-Union famine that was allegedly caused by ad hoc collectivization policies, highlighting the intentional nature of the famine as a tool of genocide, persecution, and prosecution of the nationally conscious Ukrainian intelligentsia, clergy, and grain growers. The author demonstrates the continuity between Stalinist and neo-Stalinist attempts to prevent the crystallization of the nation and subvert Ukraine from within by non-lethal and lethal means.UA: i9; m4;k7;l5;m0;l8;o0; m4;n0;l6;k5;l6; k6;l6;l9;l3;o0;k6;k8;k7;l5;l5;n3; - l7;k7;l8;m6;k2; k5;l8;m1;l7;k2; k8;k7;l8;m0;k4; k5;k7;l5;l6;m4;l0;k6;m1;, k4;o0;k6;l6;l4;l6;k5;l6; n3;l2; h3;l6;l3;l6;k6;l6;l4;l6;l8;, - m1;l2;l8;k2;o1;l5;l9;n0;l2;k2; o0;l5;m0;k7;l3;o0;t9;k7;l5;m4;o0;n3;, «l4;l6;k9;l6;l2; l5;k2;m4;o0;o1;», n3;l2; l2;k2;k9;k2;k4; i6;k2;m2;k2;k7;l3;n0; i1;k7;l4;l2;o0;l5;, l2;l6;m0;l8;l0;l1; m1;k4;o0;k4; m0;k7;l8;l4;o0;l5; «k5;k7;l5;l6;m4;l0;k6;» o0; k9;k2;l2;l8;o0;l7;l0;k4; l1;l6;k5;l6; k4; l4;o0;k8;l5;k2;l8;l6;k6;l5;l6;l4;m1; l7;l8;k2;k4;o0;. h0;k4;m0;l6;l8;l2;k2; l7;l8;l6;l9;m0;k7;k8;m1;n8; l9;l2;l3;k2;k6;l5;o0; m0;k2; l8;m1;l1;l5;o0;k4;l5;o0; l5;k2;l9;l3;o0;k6;l2;l0; h3;l6;l3;l6;k6;l6;l4;l6;l8;m1; k4; m1;l2;l8;k2;o1;l5;l9;n0;l2;l6;l4;m1; l9;m1;l9;l7;o0;l3;n0;l9;m0;k4;o0; 1920–1930-m3; l8;l6;l2;o0;k4;. i5;l8;k7;k6;l9;m0;k2;&#1

HISTORY / Europe / Ukraine. --- Famine. --- Genocide. --- Holodomor. --- Neo-Stalinism. --- Persecution. --- Prosecution. --- Soviet Ukraine. --- Soviet collectivization. --- Stalinism. --- Stalinist regime. --- Ukrainian history. --- Ukrainian intelligentsia. --- Ukrainian teachers. --- Ukrainian writers.

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Philology --- Ukrainian philology --- Ukrainian literature --- Literature --- Ukrainian language --- Teachers colleges --- Study and teaching (Higher) --- Colleges of education --- Normal schools --- Schools of education --- Training colleges for teachers --- Universities and colleges --- Ruthenian language (Ukrainian) --- Slavic languages, Eastern --- Belles-lettres --- Western literature (Western countries) --- World literature --- Authors --- Authorship --- Rusʹka Triĭt︠s︡i︠a︡ (Group of writers) --- Teachers colleges. --- Ukraine. --- An Úcráin --- Europe --- I-Yukreyini --- IYukreyini --- Malorosii͡ --- Małorosja --- Oekraïne --- Ookraan --- Oukraïne --- Oykrania --- Petite-Russie --- U.S.R.R. --- Ucrægna --- Úcráin --- Ucraina --- Ucrania --- Ucrayena --- ʻUkelena --- Ukraïna --- Ukrainæ --- Uḳraʼinah --- Ukrainian Council Socialist Republic --- Ukrainian S.S.R. --- Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic --- Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic --- Ukrainio --- Ukrainmudin Orn --- Ukraïnsʹka Radi͡ansʹka Sot͡sialistychna Respublika --- Ukrainska Radyanska Sotsialistychna Respublika --- Ukrainska Sotsialistychna Radianska Respublika --- Ukraïnsʹka Sot͡sii͡alistychna Radi͡ansʹka Respublika --- Ukrainskai͡a Sovetskai͡a Sot͡sialisticheskai͡a Respublika --- Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika --- Ukrainujo --- Ukrajina --- Ūkrāniy --- Ukranya --- Ukrayiina --- Ukrayina --- Ukrayna --- Ukuraina --- Ukyáña --- Wcráin --- Yn Ookraan --- Yr Wcráin --- Yukrain --- Ukraine