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Over the past three decades, public spending on infrastructure, as a share of GDP, has been on the decline worldwide. Although the link between infrastructure investment and economic growth is not yet fully understood, the quality of infrastructure clearly affects a country's productivity, competitiveness in export markets, and ability to attract foreign investment. This EI explores the following questions: Should countries increase public investment in infrastructure? If the answer is yes, how can they do so in a fiscally responsible manner? Are public-private partnerships a viable alternative?.

Infrastructure --- Public Finance --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Macroeconomics --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public investment spending --- Public debt --- Expenditure --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Public investments --- Saving and investment --- Debts, Public --- Expenditures, Public --- Brazil

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The pace of recovery has disappointed in recent years, and downside risks have increased, including from heightened geopolitical tensions. These increased risks make it a priority to raise actual and potential growth. In a number of economies, an increase in public infrastructure investment can also provide support to demand and help boost potential output. And in advanced economies as well as emerging and developing economies there is a general, urgent need for structural reforms to strengthen growth potential or make growth more sustainable. The four individual chapters examine the overall global outlook, the prospects for individual countries and regions, the benefits of increased public infrastructure investment in terms of raising output, and the extent to which global imbalances have narrowed significantly since their peak in 2006.

Exports and Imports --- Finance: General --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Industries: Energy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Hydrocarbon Resources --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Finance --- Petroleum, oil & gas industries --- Public investment spending --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Emerging and frontier financial markets --- Natural gas sector --- Current account balance --- Public investments --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Balance of payments --- Prices --- Financial services industry --- United States