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A perspetiva estatocêntrica que, com raízes na modernidade europeia, tem norteado o discurso dominante sobre a realidade internacional, carece de um olhar criterioso sobre a diversidade dos Estados em concreto e sobre o impacto dessa heterogeneidade nos conteúdos e alcance do Direito Internacional. Foi esse o sentido da organização do V Encontro Luso-Espanhol de Professores de Direito Internacional e Relações Internacionais e deste livro. Nele se acolhem focagens complementares sobre as condicionantes políticas e institucionais do Direito Internacional e da sua aplicação. Inspirados pelo desafio de um Direito para o totus orbis, que Francisco de Vitoria adotou como referência da juridicidade internacional emergente no seu tempo, as comunicações ao V Encontro que agora se publicam mostram a atualidade desse pensamento e retomam, de formas necessariamente diferentes, os questionamentos que a realidade da diferença entre os Estados coloca cada vez mais a esse ideal moderno. The statecentric perspective, enrooted in the European modernity, has been at the heart of the mainstream discourse on the international system. However, it needs a sharper view on the diversity of concrete states and on the impact of that heterogeneity in the contents and scope of international law. This has been the aim of the 5th Portuguese-Spanish Meeting of Professors of International Law and International Relations and of this book. Different approaches on the political and institutional conditions of international law and of its enforcement are to be found here. The papers presented to the 5th Meeting show the up-to-dateness of the work of Francisco de Vitoria and it focus on the notion of totus orbis as the main reference of international legality. This book gathers different forms of questioning that modern ideal, all of them based upon the reality of concrete states' heterogeneity.

Sovereignty. --- International relations. --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- State sovereignty (International relations) --- International law --- Political science --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- International relations --- Self-determination, National --- Law and legislation