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Cet ouvrage est consacré aux points fixes d'applications différentiables, aux zéros de systèmes non-linéaires et à la méthode de Newton. Il s'adresse à des étudiants de mastère ou préparant l'agrégation de mathématique et à des chercheurs confirmés. La première partie est consacrée à la méthode des approximations successives et confronte un point de vue «systèmes dynamiques» (théorèmes de Grobman-Hartman, de la variété stable) à des exemples issus de l'analyse numérique. La seconde partie de cet ouvrage expose la méthode de Newton et ses développements les plus récents (théorie alpha de Smale, systèmes sous ou sur-déterminés). Elle présente une nouvelle approche de ce sujet et un ensemble de résultats originaux publiés pour la première fois dans un ouvrage de langue française. This is an advanced text on fixed points, zeros of nonlinear systems and the Newton method. Its first part, devoted to fixed points, includes the Grobman-Hartman and the stable manifold theorems. The second part describes the Newton method from a modern point of view: Smale's alpha theory, underdetermined and overdetermined systems of equations. These results are illustrated by various examples from numerical analysis.

Newton-Raphson method. --- Differentiable dynamical systems. --- Differential dynamical systems --- Dynamical systems, Differentiable --- Dynamics, Differentiable --- Differential equations --- Global analysis (Mathematics) --- Topological dynamics --- Method, Newton-Raphson --- Method of tangents --- Newton approximation method --- Newton iterative process --- Newton method --- Newton-Raphson algorithm --- Newton-Raphson formula --- Newton-Raphson process --- Newton's approximation method --- Newton's method --- Quadratically convergent Newton-Raphson process --- Raphson method, Newton --- -Second-order Newton-Raphson process --- Iterative methods (Mathematics) --- Numerical analysis. --- Mathematical optimization. --- Dynamical Systems and Ergodic Theory. --- Numerical Analysis. --- Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control; Optimization. --- Optimization (Mathematics) --- Optimization techniques --- Optimization theory --- Systems optimization --- Mathematical analysis --- Maxima and minima --- Operations research --- Simulation methods --- System analysis --- Dynamics. --- Ergodic theory. --- Calculus of variations. --- Isoperimetrical problems --- Variations, Calculus of --- Ergodic transformations --- Continuous groups --- Mathematical physics --- Measure theory --- Transformations (Mathematics) --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mathematics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Statics