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What is the worldview of 16th century academic physicians, steeped in a tradition of medicine that dates back to antiquity? How does this vision relate to the episteme of similitude, specific to Michel Foucault during the Renaissance? This book sets out to answer these questions by illuminating the medical concepts of nature, man, health, and disease; by examining the logic of physicians, and their quasi-judicial reports on unusual cases ("mirabilia") likely to cause public scandal; finally, by studying their doctrine of signs. For them, universal and human nature is protean and unstable; in order to analyze it, they use logical instruments whose fundamental imprecision they recognize. Struggling with the signs that surround them - bodily symptoms, numbers from the great book of nature, weather clues, signatures, physiognomic signs - they develop a sophisticated semiology. This study reveals the finesse of these minds, their judgment for the most part circumspect, their flexible logic, a whole set of mental instruments which allow them to understand as best they can the functioning of the world and of the people of their time; an image of the mental activity of this period which contrasts with that of Foucault.

History of human medicine --- anno 1500-1599 --- Humanities --- History, Early Modern 1451-1600 --- History, Modern 1601 --- -History --- Philosophy, Medical --- History, 16th Century --- Philosophy --- History, 17th Century --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- History of Medicine --- Early Modern History (Medicine) --- Early Modern History of Medicine --- Early Modern Medicine --- History of Medicine, Early Modern --- History, Early Modern --- Medicine, Early Modern --- Early Modern History --- Early Modern Histories (Medicine) --- Histories, Early Modern (Medicine) --- History, Early Modern (Medicine) --- History, Early Modern 1451 1600 --- Modern Histories, Early (Medicine) --- Modern History, Early --- Modern History, Early (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine, Early --- 17th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 17th Cent. History of Medicine --- 17th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 17th Century --- History of Medicine, 17th Cent. --- History, Seventeenth Century --- Medical History, 17th Cent. --- Medicine, 17th Cent. --- 17th Century History --- 17th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 17th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 17th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, Seventeenth --- Century History, 17th --- Century History, Seventeenth --- Histories, 17th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 17th Century --- Histories, Seventeenth Century --- History, 17th Cent. (Medicine) --- Seventeenth Century Histories --- Seventeenth Century History --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- 16th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 16th Cent. History of Medicine --- 16th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 16th Century --- History of Medicine, 16th Cent. --- History, Sixteenth Century --- Medical History, 16th Cent. --- Medicine, 16th Cent. --- 16th Century History --- 16th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 16th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 16th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 16th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 16th --- Century Histories, Sixteenth --- Century History, 16th --- Century History, Sixteenth --- Histories, 16th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 16th Century --- Histories, Sixteenth Century --- History, 16th Cent. (Medicine) --- Sixteenth Century Histories --- Sixteenth Century History --- Medical Philosophy --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- Renaissance --- philosophie --- médecine --- Médecine --- Weltanschauung --- 15e-16e siècles --- Aspect médical

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A decade ago in the Times Literary Supplement, Roderick Conway Morris claimed that "almost everything that was going to happen in book publishing-from pocket books, instant books and pirated books, to the concept of author's copyright, company mergers, and remainders-occurred during the early days of printing." Ian Maclean's colorful survey of the flourishing learned book trade of the late Renaissance brings this assertion to life. The story he tells covers most of Europe, with Frankfurt and its Fair as the hub of intellectual exchanges among scholars and of commercial dealings among publishers. The three major religious confessions jostled for position there, and this rivalry affected nearly all aspects of learning. Few scholars were exempt from religious or financial pressures. Maclean's chosen example is the literary agent and representative of international Calvinism, Melchior Goldast von Haiminsfeld, whose activities included opportunistic involvement in the political disputes of the day. Maclean surveys the predicament of underfunded authors, the activities of greedy publishing entrepreneurs, the fitful interventions of regimes of censorship and licensing, and the struggles faced by sellers and buyers to achieve their ends in an increasingly overheated market. The story ends with an account of the dramatic decline of the scholarly book trade in the 1620's, and the connivance of humanist scholars in the values of the commercial world through which they aspired to international recognition. Their fate invites comparison with today's writers of learned books, as they too come to terms with new technologies and changing academic environments.

Book history --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Scholarly publishing --- Book industries and trade --- Communication in learning and scholarship --- History --- 094.1 <4> --- 094 "15/16" --- Oude drukken: bibliografie----Europa --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--?"15/16" --- 094.1 <4> Oude drukken: bibliografie----Europa --- book history --- publishers --- trade [function] --- scholars --- church history --- bookselling --- Book trade --- Cultural industries --- Manufacturing industries --- Academic publishing --- Publishers and publishing --- Communication in scholarship --- Scholarly communication --- Learning and scholarship --- booksellers --- trade [general function] --- booksellers [people]

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Mathematics --- Catastrophes (Mathematics) --- Catastrophes (Mathématiques) --- Catastrophes (Mathématiques) --- Catastrophes, Théorie des --- Mathematiques --- Biologie --- Vulgarisation --- Methodes mathematiques

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Mathematics --- Mathématiques --- History --- Histoire --- Mathématiques --- Philosophie --- Philosophy --- Histoire. --- History.

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Il n'est pas nécessaire de rendre les mathématiques plaisantes: elles sont une source de plaisir du plus haut degré. Il faut se donner du mal pour qu'elles soient ennuyeuses. Hélas, dans tous les pays, la plupart des programmes scolaires réussissent très bien à dégoûter des mathématiques les enfants avant qu'ils aient atteint l'âge de dix ans. Les mathématiques ne sont pas qu'une série de recettes de calcul qu'il faut appliquer avec prudence et rigueur: ce sont, au contraire, des idées avec lesquelles on peut jouer. Le plus triste est que l'apprentissage des mathématiques est long et il ne reste que peu de temps libre pour traiter, à l'école, les aspects intéressants de la discipline.

Géometrie descriptive --- Géometrie --- Infographie --- Dessin