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The papers in this volume are concerned with the question of how a speaker's intended referent is interpreted by the addressee. Topics include the interpretation of coreferential vs. disjoint reference, the role of intonation, syntactic form and animacy in reference understanding, and the way in which general principles of utterance interpretation constrain possible interpretations of referring expressions. The collection arises from a workshop on reference and referent accessibility which was held at the 4th International Pragmatics Conference in Kobe, Japan, July 25-30, 1993.

Linguistics --- Pragmatics --- Reference (Linguistics) --- Référence (Linguistique) --- Congresses --- Congrès --- Language arts --- Signification (Linguistics) --- Onomasiology --- Semantics --- Reference (linguistique)

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Lexicology. Semantics --- Pragmatics --- Cognitive science --- Discourse analysis --- Reference (Linguistics) --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Sciences cognitives --- Analyse du discours --- Pragmatique --- Référence (Linguistique) --- Sémantique (Philosophie) --- Référence (Linguistique) --- Sémantique (Philosophie)

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Philosophy of language --- Definiteness (Linguistics) --- Description (Philosophy) --- Language and languages --- -Reference (Linguistics) --- Signification (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Onomasiology --- Semantics --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Philosophy --- Indefiniteness (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Determiners --- Reference (Linguistics) --- Philosophy. --- Definiteness (Linguistics). --- Description (Philosophy). --- Reference (Linguistics). --- LANGAGE ET LANGUES --- DESCRIPTION (PHILOSOPHIE) --- DEFINIS --- REFERENCE (LINGUISTIQUE) --- PHILOSOPHIE --- Philosophie du langage

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"To communicate, speakers need to make it clear what they are talking about. The act of referring, which anchors words to things, is a fundamental aspect of language. In this book, Kees van Deemter shows that computational models of reference offer attractive tools for capturing the complexity of referring. Indeed, the models van Deemter presents cover many issues beyond the basic idea of referring to an object, including reference to sets, approximate descriptions, descriptions produced under uncertainty concerning the hearer's knowledge, and descriptions that aim to inform or influence the hearer. The book, which can be read as a case study in cognitive science, draws on perspectives from across the cognitive sciences, including philosophy, experimental psychology, formal logic, and computer science. Van Deemter advocates a combination of computational modeling and careful experimentation as the preferred method for expanding these insights. He then shows this method in action, covering a range of algorithms and a variety of methods for testing them. He shows that the method allows us to model logically complicated referring expressions, and demonstrates how we can gain an understanding of reference in situations where the speaker's knowledge is difficult to assess or where the referent resists exact definition. Finally, he proposes a program of research that addresses the open questions that remain in this area, arguing that this program can significantly enhance our understanding of human communication"--MIT CogNet.

Lexicology. Semantics --- Psycholinguistics --- Mathematical logic --- Mathematical linguistics --- Reference (Linguistics) --- Presupposition (Logic) --- Computational linguistics. --- Référence (linguistique) --- Présupposition (logique) --- Linguistique --- Informatique --- Informatique. --- Signification (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Onomasiology --- Semantics --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Multilingual computing --- Language and logic --- Logic --- Data processing --- LINGUISTICS & LANGUAGE/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- COMPUTER SCIENCE/General

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What we say always consists of prior words, structures and meanings that are combined in new ways and re-used in new contexts for new listeners. In this book, Deborah Schiffrin looks at two important tasks of language - presenting 'who' we are talking about (the referent) and 'what happened' to them (their actions and attributes) in a narrative - and explores how this presentation alters in relation to emergent forms and meanings. Drawing on examples from both face-to-face talk and public discourse, she analyses a variety of repairs, reformulations of referents, and retellings of narratives, ranging from word-level repairs within a single turn-at-talk, to life story narratives told years apart. Bringing together work from conversation analysis, interactional sociolinguistics, cognitive semantics, pragmatics, and variation analysis, In Other Words will be invaluable for scholars wishing to understand the many different factors that underlie the shaping and re-shaping of discourse over time, place and person.

Reference (Linguistics) --- Narration (Rhetoric) --- Sociolinguistics. --- Référence (Linguistique) --- Narration --- Sociolinguistique --- Narration (Rhetoric). --- Reference (Linguistics). --- Référence (Linguistique) --- Sociolinguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Signification (Linguistics) --- Onomasiology --- Semantics --- Narrative (Rhetoric) --- Narrative writing --- Rhetoric --- Discourse analysis, Narrative --- Narratees (Rhetoric) --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics