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Plants provide the foundation for the structure and function, as well as interactions, among organisms in both tropical and temperate zone habitats. To date, many investigations have revealed patterns and mechanisms generating plant diversity at various scales and from diverse ecological perspectives. However, in the era of climate change, anthropogenic disturbance, and rapid urbanization, new insights are needed to understand how plant species in these forest habitats are changing and adapting. Investigations of plants in both little-disturbed, more natural environments, as well as in urban areas in which crucial green infrastructure is ever more important for sustaining complex human societies are needed. This Special Issue of Forests will focus on plant variation from the perspectives of morphology, genetics, and function, especially plant interactions with biotic and abiotic factors. Research articles may address any aspect of plant evolution and community phylogenetics (explorations of patterns and mechanisms from diverse organismal levels, e.g., molecular, population, species, community, landscape, and ecosystem), plant functional traits (e.g., nutrient traits of leaf, stem, root; reproductive traits of flower, fruit, seed), and/or responses of plant species to changing environments (e.g., water, atmosphere, soil, human activities). Studies providing quantitative evaluation or description of interactions of plants with animals and microbes, both in natural and urban environments, including terrestrial and aquatic systems, are also welcome.

Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. --- HbMad-box genes --- conserved domains --- gene structures --- expression profiles --- stress treatments --- microsatellite locus --- Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium --- genetic differentiation --- breeding population --- artificial selection --- Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. --- transcripts --- transcriptome assembly --- simple sequence repeats --- transcription factors --- cytochrome p450 --- glycotransferases --- metabolic pathway --- grafting --- pecan --- miRNA --- graft union --- sequencing --- edible forest product --- forest biology --- macro-fungi --- non-timber forest products (NTFPs) --- Pan-Pearl River Delta --- allometry --- anatomy --- Polygonatum odoratum --- Polygonatum multiflorum --- shape --- shoot --- endophytes --- medicinal plants --- pathogen --- molecular identification --- plant-microbe interaction --- gas exchange --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- growth trait --- genetic variation --- early selection --- pedunculate oak --- drought --- stress --- memory --- flushing --- autumn leaf senescence --- phenological shift --- carry-over effect --- mangroves --- DNA barcoding --- species identification --- phylogenetic relation --- moso bamboo --- heat shock factor gene --- abiotic stresses --- co-expression --- yellow-green leaf mutant --- transcriptome --- antenna protein --- photosynthesis --- birch --- Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- EST-SSR marker --- microsatellite marker --- rosewood --- conservation --- Pinus massoniana --- introgression hybrid --- RNA sequencing --- DEGs --- reproduction --- phenology --- leafing out --- flowering --- senescence --- cumulative logistic regression --- hawthorn --- provenance trial --- non-local populations --- variance analysis --- lime application --- understory removal --- microbial community --- forest management --- Eucalyptus --- protogyny (PG) --- protandry (PA) --- pollen viability --- seed success --- polyploidy --- phosphate solubilizing bacteria --- nutrition --- oil tea --- Lagerstroemia species --- simple sequence repeat markers --- bulked segregant analysis --- creeping trait --- plant architecture --- climate change --- forest biodiversity --- plant–environment interactions --- plant traits --- urbanization

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The purpose of this book was not to provide a comprehensive overview of the vast arena of how fungi and fungal metabolites are able to improve human and animal nutrition and health; rather, we, as Guest Editors, wished to encourage authors working in this field to publish their most recent work in this rapidly growing journal in order for the large readership to appreciate the full potential of wonderful and beneficial fungi. Thus, this Special Issue welcomed scientific contributions on applications of fungi and fungal metabolites, such as bioactive fatty acids, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc., with great potential in human and animal nutrition and health.

Technology: general issues --- fungal pigment --- natural dye --- spalting --- Scytalidium cuboideum --- dramada --- sustainable clothing --- selenium --- biofortification --- transporters --- mycorrhizal fungi --- plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) --- fungal pigments --- textile dyeing --- toxicity testing --- biotechnological approaches --- challenges --- limits --- Saccharomyces boulardii --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- probiotics --- gastrointestinal tract --- Alginate --- β-glucan --- oligosaccharides --- elicitation --- Sargassum species --- Sparassis latifolia --- polyphenol --- antioxidant --- agave mezcalero bagasse --- apple bagasse --- solid-state fermentation --- secondary metabolites --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- Endophytic fungi --- Hyptis dilatata --- Pestalotiopsis mangiferae --- Pestalotiopsis microspora --- chemical elicitors --- antibacterial activity --- LC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS --- yeast --- biological control --- postharvest decay --- fruit --- mycorrhizae --- elevated CO2 --- Thymus vulgare --- growth --- photosynthesis --- metabolites --- biological activity --- Candida albicans --- non-albicans Candida species --- Candida auris --- aromatic alcohols --- fungi --- metabolomics --- NTCD --- additives --- functional foods --- nutraceuticals --- sustainability --- healthy aging --- Mortierella alpina --- animal fat by-product --- arachidonic acid --- ATR-FTIR spectroscopy --- Mucor circinelloides --- high-throughput screening --- metal ions --- phosphorus --- lipids --- biofuel --- FTIR spectroscopy --- bioremediation --- co-production --- natural colorants --- filamentous fungi --- stirred-tank bioreactor --- biodegradable films --- food package --- bioactive compounds --- FIP --- human health --- immunomodulation --- induced apoptosis --- lectin --- medicinal mushrooms --- polysaccharide --- terpenes and terpenoids --- melanin --- carotenoids --- polyketides --- azaphilones --- antitumor --- medical roles --- sphinganine-analog mycotoxins --- fumonisins --- AAL-toxin --- chemical structure --- toxicity --- genetics and evolution --- biosynthesis --- livestock --- ewes --- energy --- cytokines --- yeasts --- liquid swine diets --- MALDI-TOF --- biochemical identification --- growth temperature Ancom Gas Production System --- Candida krusei --- Candida lambica --- M. purpureus --- red yeast rice --- cholesterol reduction --- probiotic potential --- natural colorant --- extraction ability --- marine fungi --- Talaromyces albobiverticillius --- aqueous two-phases system extraction --- ionic liquids --- feed additive --- probiotic --- Sporidiobolus ruineniae --- tannase --- micro-fungi --- macro-fungi --- Ganoderma --- kombucha --- anticancer --- carotenoid --- medicinal mushroom --- mycobiome --- antimicrobial --- antifungal --- bioconversion --- cheese --- dairy --- Sclerotinia --- secondary metabolite --- endophytic fungi --- uncommon secondary metabolites

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The purpose of this book was not to provide a comprehensive overview of the vast arena of how fungi and fungal metabolites are able to improve human and animal nutrition and health; rather, we, as Guest Editors, wished to encourage authors working in this field to publish their most recent work in this rapidly growing journal in order for the large readership to appreciate the full potential of wonderful and beneficial fungi. Thus, this Special Issue welcomed scientific contributions on applications of fungi and fungal metabolites, such as bioactive fatty acids, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc., with great potential in human and animal nutrition and health.

Technology: general issues --- fungal pigment --- natural dye --- spalting --- Scytalidium cuboideum --- dramada --- sustainable clothing --- selenium --- biofortification --- transporters --- mycorrhizal fungi --- plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) --- fungal pigments --- textile dyeing --- toxicity testing --- biotechnological approaches --- challenges --- limits --- Saccharomyces boulardii --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- probiotics --- gastrointestinal tract --- Alginate --- β-glucan --- oligosaccharides --- elicitation --- Sargassum species --- Sparassis latifolia --- polyphenol --- antioxidant --- agave mezcalero bagasse --- apple bagasse --- solid-state fermentation --- secondary metabolites --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- Endophytic fungi --- Hyptis dilatata --- Pestalotiopsis mangiferae --- Pestalotiopsis microspora --- chemical elicitors --- antibacterial activity --- LC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS --- yeast --- biological control --- postharvest decay --- fruit --- mycorrhizae --- elevated CO2 --- Thymus vulgare --- growth --- photosynthesis --- metabolites --- biological activity --- Candida albicans --- non-albicans Candida species --- Candida auris --- aromatic alcohols --- fungi --- metabolomics --- NTCD --- additives --- functional foods --- nutraceuticals --- sustainability --- healthy aging --- Mortierella alpina --- animal fat by-product --- arachidonic acid --- ATR-FTIR spectroscopy --- Mucor circinelloides --- high-throughput screening --- metal ions --- phosphorus --- lipids --- biofuel --- FTIR spectroscopy --- bioremediation --- co-production --- natural colorants --- filamentous fungi --- stirred-tank bioreactor --- biodegradable films --- food package --- bioactive compounds --- FIP --- human health --- immunomodulation --- induced apoptosis --- lectin --- medicinal mushrooms --- polysaccharide --- terpenes and terpenoids --- melanin --- carotenoids --- polyketides --- azaphilones --- antitumor --- medical roles --- sphinganine-analog mycotoxins --- fumonisins --- AAL-toxin --- chemical structure --- toxicity --- genetics and evolution --- biosynthesis --- livestock --- ewes --- energy --- cytokines --- yeasts --- liquid swine diets --- MALDI-TOF --- biochemical identification --- growth temperature Ancom Gas Production System --- Candida krusei --- Candida lambica --- M. purpureus --- red yeast rice --- cholesterol reduction --- probiotic potential --- natural colorant --- extraction ability --- marine fungi --- Talaromyces albobiverticillius --- aqueous two-phases system extraction --- ionic liquids --- feed additive --- probiotic --- Sporidiobolus ruineniae --- tannase --- micro-fungi --- macro-fungi --- Ganoderma --- kombucha --- anticancer --- carotenoid --- medicinal mushroom --- mycobiome --- antimicrobial --- antifungal --- bioconversion --- cheese --- dairy --- Sclerotinia --- secondary metabolite --- endophytic fungi --- uncommon secondary metabolites