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The Russian Federation has the highest road death rate of all ECMT member countries and contributes one third of all road deaths in these countries. This report finds that the problem is predominantly urban, concentrated in Russia's largest cities, and with particularly sharp increases in deaths and serious injuries experienced in the Moscow region. International experts who undertook this review confirm that substantial improvements in road safety can be achieved through concerted, sustained and evidence-based action, and they make a series of recommendations on how this can be done.

Transport --- Traffic safety --- Traffic fatalities --- Transportation, Automotive --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- Russian Federation --- Automotive transportation --- Highway transportation --- Motor carriers --- Motor transportation --- Road transportation --- Deaths, Traffic --- Fatalities, Traffic --- Freeway deaths --- Freeway fatalities --- Highway deaths --- Highway fatalities --- Road deaths --- Road fatalities --- Traffic deaths --- Automobile driving --- Highway safety --- Road safety --- Traffic accidents --- Safety measures --- Prevention --- Automobiles --- Violent deaths --- Roadside memorials --- Public safety --- Traffic engineering --- Social aspects --- Collision avoidance systems --- Sécurité routière --- Mortalité routière --- Transports routiers

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The International Traffic Safety Data and Analysis Group (IRTAD) is a permanent working group of the International Transport Forum at the OECD. It is composed of road safety experts and statisticians from renowned safety research institutes, national road and transport administrations, international organisations, universities, automobile associations, the automobile industry, and others from OECD and non-OECD countries. IRTAD’s Road Safety Annual Report series provides a yearly overview of road safety performance in member and observer countries. It presents a synthesis of the latest trends in member countries as well as detailed reports for each country, outlining the crash data collection process, the road safety strategies and targets in place. It also provides detailed safety data by road user, location and age together with information on recent trends in speeding, drink-driving and other aspects of road user behaviour.

Transport --- Traffic safety --- Traffic fatalities --- Traffic accidents --- Traffic fatalities. --- Traffic accidents. --- Traffic safety. --- Deaths, Traffic --- Fatalities, Traffic --- Freeway deaths --- Freeway fatalities --- Highway deaths --- Highway fatalities --- Road deaths --- Road fatalities --- Traffic deaths --- Automobile driving --- Highway safety --- Road safety --- Automobile accidents --- Automobiles --- Car accidents --- Collisions, Automobile --- Crashes, Automobile --- Highway accidents --- Motor vehicle accidents --- Motor vehicle crashes --- Road accidents --- Transportation, Automotive --- Vehicle accidents --- Vehicles --- Vehicular accidents --- Wrecks, Automobile --- Safety measures --- Prevention --- Accidents --- Violent deaths --- Roadside memorials --- Public safety --- Traffic engineering --- Transportation accidents --- Traffic conflicts --- Vehicle extrication --- Collision avoidance systems

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Every day, thousands are injured and almost 350 people are killed on the roads of OECD countries. New technologies could reduce this toll by as much as 40%. However, considerable challenges need to be overcome in order to achieve these benefits. Billions of dollars are currently being spent to develop new technologies which are not related to safety, and many of these may have a negative impact on road safety if action is not taken to ensure their compatibility with current road systems. This report evaluates the global impact of new technologies on road safety and provides recommendations to governments and industry to ensure that fatalities and injuries in road traffic are reduced.

Transport. Traffic --- Automobiles -- Electronic equipment -- Europe. --- Highway communications -- Technological innovations -- Europe. --- Intelligent transportation systems. --- Traffic fatalities -- Europe. --- Traffic safety -- Europe. --- Traffic safety --- Traffic fatalities --- Automobiles --- Intelligent transportation systems --- Highway communications --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Transportation Engineering --- Communications, Highway --- Road communications --- Roads --- Advanced Road Traffic Systems --- Advanced Transport Telematics --- ATT (Highway communications) --- Intelligent Road Transportation Systems --- Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems --- IRTS (Highway communications) --- ITS (Highway communications) --- IVHS (Highway communications) --- Road Transport Informatics --- RTI (Highway communications) --- Vehicle Information and Communication Systems --- VICS (Highway communications) --- Electronics in transportation --- Mobile communication systems --- Sociotechnical systems --- Autos (Automobiles) --- Cars (Automobiles) --- Gasoline automobiles --- Motorcars (Automobiles) --- Motor vehicles --- Transportation, Automotive --- Deaths, Traffic --- Fatalities, Traffic --- Freeway deaths --- Freeway fatalities --- Highway deaths --- Highway fatalities --- Road deaths --- Road fatalities --- Traffic deaths --- Violent deaths --- Roadside memorials --- Automobile driving --- Highway safety --- Road safety --- Traffic accidents --- Public safety --- Traffic engineering --- Electronic equipment --- Technological innovations --- Safety measures --- Prevention --- Collision avoidance systems

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The advent of Internet of Things offers a scalable and seamless connection of physical objects, including human beings and devices. This, along with artificial intelligence, has moved transportation towards becoming intelligent transportation. This book is a collection of eleven articles that have served as examples of the success of internet of things and artificial intelligence deployment in transportation research. Topics include collision avoidance for surface ships, indoor localization, vehicle authentication, traffic signal control, path-planning of unmanned ships, driver drowsiness and stress detection, vehicle density estimation, maritime vessel flow forecast, and vehicle license plate recognition. High-performance computing services have become more affordable in recent years, which triggered the adoption of deep-learning-based approaches to increase the performance standards of artificial intelligence models. Nevertheless, it has been pointed out by various researchers that traditional shallow-learning-based approaches usually have an advantage in applications with small datasets. The book can provide information to government officials, researchers, and practitioners. In each article, the authors have summarized the limitations of existing works and offered valuable information on future research directions.

History of engineering & technology --- decision-making --- autonomous navigation --- collision avoidance --- scene division --- deep reinforcement learning --- maritime autonomous surface ships --- internet of things --- crowdsourcing --- indoor localization --- data fusion --- security --- authentication --- Inertial Measurement Units --- road transportation --- traffic signal control --- speed guidance --- vehicle arrival time --- connected vehicle --- unmanned ships --- DDPG --- autonomous path planning --- end-to-end --- at-risk driving --- deep support vector machine --- driver drowsiness --- driver stress --- multi-objective genetic algorithm --- multiple kernel learning --- urban freeway --- hybrid dynamic system --- state transition --- unknown inputs observer --- vehicle density --- maritime vessel flows --- intelligent transportation systems --- deep learning --- automatic license plate recognition --- intelligent vehicle access --- histogram of oriented gradients --- artificial neural networks --- convolutional neural networks --- time-frequency --- Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) --- road anomalies --- n/a

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The advent of Internet of Things offers a scalable and seamless connection of physical objects, including human beings and devices. This, along with artificial intelligence, has moved transportation towards becoming intelligent transportation. This book is a collection of eleven articles that have served as examples of the success of internet of things and artificial intelligence deployment in transportation research. Topics include collision avoidance for surface ships, indoor localization, vehicle authentication, traffic signal control, path-planning of unmanned ships, driver drowsiness and stress detection, vehicle density estimation, maritime vessel flow forecast, and vehicle license plate recognition. High-performance computing services have become more affordable in recent years, which triggered the adoption of deep-learning-based approaches to increase the performance standards of artificial intelligence models. Nevertheless, it has been pointed out by various researchers that traditional shallow-learning-based approaches usually have an advantage in applications with small datasets. The book can provide information to government officials, researchers, and practitioners. In each article, the authors have summarized the limitations of existing works and offered valuable information on future research directions.

History of engineering & technology --- decision-making --- autonomous navigation --- collision avoidance --- scene division --- deep reinforcement learning --- maritime autonomous surface ships --- internet of things --- crowdsourcing --- indoor localization --- data fusion --- security --- authentication --- Inertial Measurement Units --- road transportation --- traffic signal control --- speed guidance --- vehicle arrival time --- connected vehicle --- unmanned ships --- DDPG --- autonomous path planning --- end-to-end --- at-risk driving --- deep support vector machine --- driver drowsiness --- driver stress --- multi-objective genetic algorithm --- multiple kernel learning --- urban freeway --- hybrid dynamic system --- state transition --- unknown inputs observer --- vehicle density --- maritime vessel flows --- intelligent transportation systems --- deep learning --- automatic license plate recognition --- intelligent vehicle access --- histogram of oriented gradients --- artificial neural networks --- convolutional neural networks --- time-frequency --- Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) --- road anomalies