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Morocco --- Tunis (Tunisia) --- Politics and government. --- Politics and government.

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Why did the last of the major European campaigns to reclaim Jerusalem end in an attack on Tunis, a peaceful North African port city thousands of miles from the Holy Land? In the first book-length study of the campaign in English, Michael Lower tells the story of how the classic era of crusading came to such an unexpected end. Unfolding against a backdrop of conflict and collaboration that extended from England to Inner Asia, the Tunis Crusade entangled people from every corner of the Mediterranean world. Within this expansive geographical playing field, the ambitions of four powerful Mediterranean dynasts would collide. While the slave-boy-turned-sultan Baybars of Egypt and the saint-king Louis IX of France waged a bitter battle for Syria, al-Mustansir of Tunis and Louis's younger brother Charles of Anjou struggled for control of the Sicilian Straits. When the conflicts over Syria and Sicily became intertwined in the late 1260s, the Tunis Crusade was the shocking result. While the history of the crusades is often told only from the crusaders' perspective, in The Tunis crusade of 1270, Lower brings Arabic and European-language sources together to offer a panoramic view of these complex multilateral conflicts. Standing at the intersection of two established bodies of scholarship--European history and Near Eastern studies--this volume contributes to both by opening up a new conversation about the place of crusading in medieval Mediterranean culture.

Crusades --- Croisades --- 8e croisade (1270) --- Baybars I --- Louis IX --- Et les Croisades. --- Tunis (Tunisia) --- History

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Travel. --- Petrie, Graham, --- Travel --- Tunis (Tunisia) --- Qayrawān (Tunisia) --- Carthage (Extinct city) --- Tunis (Tunisie) --- Carthage (Ville ancienne) --- Tunisia. --- Tunisia --- Description and travel. --- Descriptions et voyages.

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French-colonial Tunisia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries witnessed shifting concepts of identity, including varying theories of ethnic essentialism, a drive toward “modernization,” and imperialist interpretations of science and medicine. As French colonizers worked to realize ideas of a “modern” city and empire, they undertook a program to significantly alter the physical and social realities by which the people of Tunisia lived, often in ways that continue to influence life today.Medical Imperialism in French North Africa demonstrates the ways in which diverse members of the Jewish community of Tunis received, rejected, or reworked myriad imperial projects devised to foster the social, corporeal, and moral “regeneration” of their community. Buttressed by the authority of science and medicine, regenerationist schemes such as urban renewal projects and public health reforms were deployed to destroy and recast the cultural, social, and political lives of Jewish colonial subjects. Richard C. Parks expands on earlier scholarship to examine how notions of race, class, modernity, and otherness shaped these efforts. Looking at such issues as the plasticity of identity, the collaboration and contention between French and Tunisian Jewish communities, Jewish women's negotiation of social power relationships in Tunis, and the razing of the city's Jewish quarter, Parks fills the gap in current literature by focusing on the broader transnational context of French actions in colonial Tunisia.

Public health --- Jews --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Health --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- History --- Health and hygiene --- Social conditions --- Tunis (Tunisia) --- Tunes (Tunisia) --- Tunez (Tunisia) --- تونس (Tunisia) --- Bārdaw (Tunisia)

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Today labor migrants mostly move south to north across the Mediterranean. Yet in the nineteenth century thousands of Europeans and others moved south to North Africa, Egypt, and the Levant. This study of a dynamic borderland, the Tunis region, offers the fullest picture to date of the Mediterranean before, and during, French colonialism. In a vibrant examination of people in motion, Julia A. Clancy-Smith tells the story of countless migrants, travelers, and adventurers who traversed the Mediterranean, changing it forever. Who were they? Why did they leave home? What awaited them in North Africa? And most importantly, how did an Arab-Muslim state and society make room for the newcomers? Combining fleeting facts, tales of success and failure, and vivid cameos, the book gives a groundbreaking view of one of the principal ways that the Mediterranean became modern.

Europeans --- North Africans --- Immigrants --- History --- Tunis (Tunisia) --- Algeria --- Europe --- Africa, North --- Emigration and immigration --- Relations --- 19th century. --- arab muslim state. --- arab society. --- borderlands. --- economic change. --- egypt. --- europe. --- french colonialism. --- historians. --- historical account. --- historical. --- immigration studies. --- international migration. --- levant. --- mediterraneans. --- middle east scholars. --- middle east studies. --- migrant laborers. --- migration. --- modernization. --- muslim culture. --- nonfiction studies. --- north africa. --- political history. --- regional history. --- travelers. --- tunis region. --- world history.