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This collection of essays is dedicated to the memory of the late Harvard philosopher Robert Nozick, who died in 2002. The publication of Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia in 1974 revived serious interest in natural rights liberalism, which, beginning in the latter half of the eighteenth century, had been eclipsed by a succession of antithetical political theories including utilitarianism, progressivism, and various egalitarian and collectivist ideologies. Some of our contributors critique Nozick's political philosophy. Other contributors examine earlier figures in the liberal tradition, most notably John Locke, whose Second Treatise of Government, published in the late seventeenth century, profoundly influenced the American founders. The remaining authors analyze natural rights liberalism's central doctrines.

Droit naturel --- Law of nature --- Natural law --- Natural rights --- Nature [Law of ] --- Natuurrecht --- Recht [Natuur] --- Rights [Natural ] --- Human rights --- Liberalism --- Natural law. --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy --- Arts and Humanities --- Law of nature (Law) --- Nature, Law of (Law) --- Rights, Natural --- Law

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Until recently, Hugo Grotius has been conspicuously absent in studies of the revival of Stoic philosophy in the 16th and 17th centuries. Dominant models of Neo-stoicism have emphasised the aesthetic and literary innovations, or the bureaucratic applications of the works of Seneca and Tacitus. The moral, legal and political forms of Stoicism in the formative years of the Westphalian System have still to be acknowledged, as goes for the presence of Stoicism in its most innovative intellectual representative: Hugo Grotius (1583-1645). Hugo Grotius’s lasting contribution comes under three headings. He gave the laws of nature a sure footing in the new international order. He pleaded for the uncovering of universal concepts of common human understanding, which formed the basis for his ecumenical endeavours. Thirdly, Grotius was aware of the limited powers of man, given the determination and order of the world. Together, these three intellectual stances are definitely Stoic, and they illustrate the importance of Stoic philosophy in the early Dutch republic. Grotius, nonetheless, is not a Stoic philosopher, if only because he eschewed ‘isms’, and portrayed himself as an eclectic, bringing together the common wisdom of mankind, that on which the schools of philosophy agree, rather than allying himself dogmatically. Within this eclecticism, however, Stoicisms loom large. This book is about these Stoicisms within Grotius’ thought. It is written by specialists on Grotius’ thought and on intellectual and legal history and political thought of the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. The volume traces the development of Neo-stoicism through Justus Lipsius and its further fate in the writings of Grotius, his contemporaries and his followers.

Thematology --- Grotius, Hugo --- Droit naturel --- Law of nature --- Natural law --- Natural rights --- Nature [Law of ] --- Natuurrecht --- Philosophes du Portique --- Philosophes stoïciens --- Philosophie du Portique --- Philosophie stoïcienne --- Portique (Philosophie grecque) --- Portique [Le ] (Ecole philosophique ancienne) --- Recht [Natuur] --- Rights [Natural ] --- Stoa (Filosofische school) --- Stoicism --- Stoics --- Stoïciens --- Stoïcijnen --- Stoïcisme --- Stoïcisme (Philosophie grecque) --- École du Portique --- École stoïcienne

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Droit naturel --- Injustice --- Justice --- Justice (morale) --- Law of nature --- Natural law --- Natural rights --- Nature [Law of ] --- Natuurrecht --- Recht [Natuur] --- Rechtvaardigheid --- Rights [Natural ] --- Law --- Philosophy --- Political science --- Natural law. --- Law - Philosophy. --- Justice. --- Political science - Philosophy. --- Political philosophy --- Nature, Law of --- Rights, Natural --- Jurisprudence --- Conduct of life --- Common good --- Fairness --- Law of nature (Law) --- Nature, Law of (Law)

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Natural law --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Droit naturel --- Ethics --- Ethiek --- Ethique --- Law of nature --- Liberalism --- Liberalisme --- Libéralisme --- Natural rights --- Nature [Law of ] --- Natuurrecht --- Recht [Natuur] --- Rights [Natural ] --- --Éthique --- --Libéralisme --- --Ethics --- Nature, Law of --- Rights, Natural --- Law --- Liberal egalitarianism --- Liberty --- Political science --- Social sciences --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Ethics. --- Liberalism. --- Natural law. --- --Ethics. --- Law of nature (Law) --- Nature, Law of (Law) --- Éthique

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Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Droit naturel --- Droits de l'homme --- Droits de la personne --- Droits fondamentaux --- Droits individuels --- Grondrechten --- Human rights --- Law of nature --- Libertés publiques --- Mensenrechten --- Natural law --- Natural rights --- Nature [Law of ] --- Natuurrecht --- Recht [Natuur] --- Rechten van de mens --- Rights [Human ] --- Rights [Natural ] --- Rights of man --- Droits de l'homme (Droit international) --- Direitos humanos --- Droits de l'Homme --- Menschenrechte --- Human Rights