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Commercial policy. --- Primary commodities --- Primary commodities. --- Prices.

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A basic understanding and knowledge of materials is rudimentary to both the accomplished tradesman as well as the draftsman. The subject of materials, however, is not generally taught in a vocational setting. It will be shown that a length of brass is not just a length of brass, but an example of a specific alloy that determines whether it can be more easily machined, or rather formed. Yet, for each of the basic materials listed, entire texts have been written and published. It is not, therefore, my intention to delve deeply into such matters as failure analysis or to dissect various exotic composites. Rather, this is a concise text that will introduce the most common materials along with their properties and uses, which both the student and journeyman will find useful. Even as much, there are almost 500 alloys of wrought aluminum registered to the Aluminum Association of the United States, though I have selected only seven to list in this text. No assumption has been made concerning the previous education of the reader, and everything has been written from the ground up, without jargon.

Primary commodities. --- Raw materials.

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"This paper uses a computable general equilibrium model to assess the welfare impact of commodity price inflation in Tanzania and possible tax policy responses in the short, medium, and long term. The results suggest that global commodity inflation since 2006 may have had a significantly negative impact on all Tanzanian households. Most of the negative impact comes from the rise in the price of oil. In contrast, food price spikes are potentially welfare improving for all Tanzanian households in the medium to long run. In comparison with nonpoor households, poor households in Tanzania may be relatively shielded from global commodity inflation because they derive a larger share of their incomes from agricultural activity and consume less oil-intensive products. Finally, the results suggest that tax policies encouraging greater agricultural production and consumption may help to reduce poverty. In contrast, policies discouraging agricultural production (such as export bans) bear the risk of increasing poverty in the long run. However, such policies would only effect at the margin (in one direction or the other) the likely impact of global commodity inflation on poverty. "--World Bank web site.

Inflation (Finance) --- Primary commodities --- Prices

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"This paper uses a computable general equilibrium model to assess the welfare impact of commodity price inflation in Tanzania and possible tax policy responses in the short, medium, and long term. The results suggest that global commodity inflation since 2006 may have had a significantly negative impact on all Tanzanian households. Most of the negative impact comes from the rise in the price of oil. In contrast, food price spikes are potentially welfare improving for all Tanzanian households in the medium to long run. In comparison with nonpoor households, poor households in Tanzania may be relatively shielded from global commodity inflation because they derive a larger share of their incomes from agricultural activity and consume less oil-intensive products. Finally, the results suggest that tax policies encouraging greater agricultural production and consumption may help to reduce poverty. In contrast, policies discouraging agricultural production (such as export bans) bear the risk of increasing poverty in the long run. However, such policies would only effect at the margin (in one direction or the other) the likely impact of global commodity inflation on poverty. "--World Bank web site.

Inflation (Finance) --- Primary commodities --- Prices

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Nonfuel minerals industry --- Primary commodities --- Imports