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The book takes a critical look at the phenomenon of disinformation by identifying the historical, technological and human elements that contribute to the current success of disinformation strategies. The author examines the origin of the word "Dezinformatsiya", used by Russian planners in the 1950s, to understand how military strategy has transformed into militarization of information. The book pays particular attention to the power of algorithmic platforms on the selection and dissemination of digital content and their role in the spread of misinformation. This influences traditional editorial practices, disintermediating the production and distribution of news and amplifying a particular human cognitive mechanism: confirmation bias. The author investigates the Italian case to identify general archetypes, and typical and salient elements of disinformation strategies. The results offer a further interpretative aspect to studying disinformation, which represents a fracture in the digital public sphere, a kind of irrational object circulating in a space believed to be governed by rational engagement norms. The book conclusively shows how polarizing narratives used in disinformation strategies are the expression of complex ideological undergrowth embodied in extremes of the political spectrum. This highly topical book is for students and researchers from across the social sciences and media interested in the disinformation phenomenon.

Disinformation. --- Online manipulation. --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Mass media --- Ethnology. --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse. --- Media Ethics. --- Sociocultural Anthropology. --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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This scholarly work discusses the historical, contemporary, and prospective dimensions of environmental activism and its intersection with global media. It provides a comprehensive view of the pivotal role played by the media in shaping awareness concerning environmental challenges and catalyzing actions to address them. Drawing upon the insights of an interdisciplinary cohort of scholars, the book systematically examines the diverse aspects of the nexus between media and environmental activism. Chapter contributions establish the foundational framework for comprehending how media as a whole lend support to activism; delineate the historical trajectory of environmental activism; the construction of narratives within the political, economic, and social domains of society; scrutinize the function of mass media within the context of globalization, digitization, and social media; and elucidate how governance structures influence the environmental activism process. By introducing readers to the basic narrative in environmental activism, globalization, and media, this book will be an important source of information for researchers, academicians and students engaged in various interdisciplinary studies linked to media, environment and activism.

Political science. --- Environmental policy. --- Communication in politics. --- Mass media --- Governance and Government. --- Environmental Policy. --- Political Communication. --- Media Ethics. --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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“Written by three Hong Kong scholars immersed in the city’s media, movements and culture, the book is faithful to the micro dynamics of a complex city even as it contributes to global theoretical understanding of the relationship between media and politics in hybrid and authoritarian settings.” – Cherian George, author, Media and Power in Southeast Asia “The engaging writing reflects the vibrancy of the Hong Kong media during times of “liberal exceptionalism”. The authors manage to capture this spirit of a bygone era in an outstanding fashion that is engaging and invites deep emotional reflections.” – Malte Philipp Kaeding, University of Surrey “The authors of this title offer an engaging discussion of the interactions between news media and state, market, and civil society. Not only do they give us a solid background to understand the changing dynamics shaping the news media before 1997, but they also offer us an up-to-date analysis of the emerging challenges since Hong Kong’s return to China.” – Tai Lok Lui, The Education University of Hong Kong This book explores the challenges to news professionalism and media autonomy stemming from the state, market pressure, digitalization, and a polarized civil society in Hong Kong. It examines how media organizations, journalists, and the audience responded to ongoing social, political, and technological changes as Hong Kong was governed by the paradigm of integration under liberal exceptionalism. Combining the authors’ close observations of the media scene with systematic empirical data, this book sheds light on the past, present, and possible future of the Hong Kong media. It shall be of interest to journalists, journalism and political communication researchers, and scholars of Asian politics. Chi Kit Chan is Associate Professor at the School of Communication, the Hang Seng University of Hong Kong. Gary Tang is Assistant Professor at the Department of Social Science, the Hang Seng University of Hong Kong. Francis L. F. Lee is Professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, Chinese University of Hong Kong, and an Elected Fellow of the International Communication Association.

Social sciences (general) --- Sociology --- International relations. Foreign policy --- Mass communications --- internationale politiek --- sociologie --- communicatie --- massamedia --- sociale wetenschappen --- Asia --- Mass media. --- Mass media --- Social sciences. --- Asian Politics. --- Media Sociology. --- Media Ethics. --- Society. --- Politics and government. --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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This book addresses the key issues, challenges and implications arising out of unauthorised acts of character merchandising. It offers deep insights into the philosophical justifications for the protection of persona. The book examines what qualifies as a character and its legal rights, namely property rights, personality rights and publicity rights. In the absence of any explicit statutory protection of characters, this work provides new insights into how intellectual property laws can be used to prevent unauthorized character merchandising. It critically evaluates various tests introduced by courts to determine the copyrightability of characters. It also analyses the dicta of the different courts justifying the effective protection of the rights of publicity. Since there is no uniform standard for the recognition and protection of image rights, this book presents a global perspective and developments on the subject with the help of judicial decisions. Drawing on the diverse judicial treatments, it explores whether an exclusive legal approach is required to address the concerns that emerge from unauthorised character merchandising. The book is of immense interest for researchers, academicians, policy makers and practitioners who work in this area. For researchers and academicians, the book offers new insights on how IP laws can be used to prevent unauthorized exploitation of persona. For practitioners, it provides an effective and more consistent approach to the interpretation of international intellectual property instruments. For policymakers, the objectives of protecting the legal rights of characters, is of specific interest. The book will further be of interest to governmental organizations and NGOs who want to advance their lawful merchandising agendas.

Intellectual property --- Information technology --- Mass media --- Law in mass media. --- Mass media and crime. --- IT Law, Media Law, Intellectual Property. --- Media Law. --- Information Ethics. --- Media Ethics. --- Crime and the Media. --- Law and legislation. --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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“Written by three Hong Kong scholars immersed in the city’s media, movements and culture, the book is faithful to the micro dynamics of a complex city even as it contributes to global theoretical understanding of the relationship between media and politics in hybrid and authoritarian settings.” – Cherian George, author, Media and Power in Southeast Asia “The engaging writing reflects the vibrancy of the Hong Kong media during times of “liberal exceptionalism”. The authors manage to capture this spirit of a bygone era in an outstanding fashion that is engaging and invites deep emotional reflections.” – Malte Philipp Kaeding, University of Surrey “The authors of this title offer an engaging discussion of the interactions between news media and state, market, and civil society. Not only do they give us a solid background to understand the changing dynamics shaping the news media before 1997, but they also offer us an up-to-date analysis of the emerging challenges since Hong Kong’s return to China.” – Tai Lok Lui, The Education University of Hong Kong This book explores the challenges to news professionalism and media autonomy stemming from the state, market pressure, digitalization, and a polarized civil society in Hong Kong. It examines how media organizations, journalists, and the audience responded to ongoing social, political, and technological changes as Hong Kong was governed by the paradigm of integration under liberal exceptionalism. Combining the authors’ close observations of the media scene with systematic empirical data, this book sheds light on the past, present, and possible future of the Hong Kong media. It shall be of interest to journalists, journalism and political communication researchers, and scholars of Asian politics. Chi Kit Chan is Associate Professor at the School of Communication, the Hang Seng University of Hong Kong. Gary Tang is Assistant Professor at the Department of Social Science, the Hang Seng University of Hong Kong. Francis L. F. Lee is Professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, Chinese University of Hong Kong, and an Elected Fellow of the International Communication Association.

Mass media --- Political aspects. --- Mass media Political aspects --- Political aspects --- Communication in politics --- Mass communication --- Media, Mass --- Media, The --- Communication --- Asia --- Mass media. --- Social sciences. --- Asian Politics. --- Media Sociology. --- Media Ethics. --- Society. --- Politics and government. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Moral and religious aspects