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Hamilton (Ravalli County, Mont.) --- Stevensville (Mont.) --- Montana --- Stevensville, Mont. --- Hamilton, Mont. --- čłc̓lc̓lé (Mont.)
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L’objectif général de ce travail de fin d’études était d’améliorer la méthode de dosage de trace d’hormones naturelles (E1, E2 et E3) et synthétique (EE2). Cette méthode a été développée par Alex Glineur (2016). Cette méthode de dosage UPLC-MS/MS a tout d’abord été testée sur trois types d’échantillon d’eau soigneusement choisis (eaux de surface et eau souterraine). Les performances de la méthode ainsi que les voies d’amélioration ont été étudiées. L’ajout d’une étape SPE de clean-up ainsi que l’utilisation d’une phase stationnaire alternative (UPLC) ont été déterminés comme axes principaux d’amélioration de la méthode. L’étude ainsi que la résolution de la problématique importante de la suppression d’ionisation ont également constitué un point important de ce travail. En effet, ce phénomène est observé de manière récurrente sur des échantillons d’eau en MS (/MS) mode electrospray (ESI). L’ajout de la cartouche à caractéristiques polaires Florisil ainsi que l’utilisation de la colonne chromatographique Biphényl ont permis de supprimer drastiquement l’effet de suppression d’ionisation tout en garantissant des rendements acceptables. La séparation de l’éluat de la cartouche Florisil en deux fractions (E1+E2+EE2 et E3) s’est avérée essentielle pour associer rendement important et limitation remarquable de la suppression d’ionisation. La méthode présentée par Alex Glineur ne permettait pas encore d’identifier et quantifier l’17-α ethynylestradiol à la valeur de LOQ recommandée par la Commission Européenne dans des eaux (suspectées) d’être contaminées (proche de 0,1 ng/L). La confirmation même de la présence de cette molécule était impossible à de très faibles concentrations (proches de 0,1 ng/L). En effet, les ratios des qualifiers liés à des fragments très à très peu spécifiques étaient tous biens supérieurs à leur intervalle de confiance de valeurs. Des interférences présentes dans la matrice Sambre (matrice de référence) perturbaient l’analyse d’EE2 et la méthode améliorée a montré son efficacité en offrant des ratios corrects pour la majorité des qualifiers. Cette capacité à identifier et à quantifier EE2 naturellement présent à des valeurs autour du dixième de ng/L a été confirmée par l’analyse de la Haine (Hensies). La méthode finale présentée est capable de répondre aux récentes exigences de la Commission Européenne en termes de LOQ en ce qui concerne les trois estrogènes que cette dernière a ciblés (E1, E2 et EE2). La validation de cette méthode est l’ultime étape avant sa possible utilisation en routine.
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This volume provides a description of LC/MS applications that are currently being successfully used and of the instrumentation that is now commercially available or under development. Describes the application of LC/MS to the analysis of agricultural chemicals and their metabolites. Examines the influence LC/MS has had upon chemistry for the analysis of both highly polar metabolites and their precursors. Also looks at the impact of LC/MS methods on environmental analysis.
spectrometrie --- LC (liquidchromatography) --- pharmacology --- massaspectrometrie --- farmacologie --- landbouw --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- milieu --- Fysicochemical separation methods --- Liquid chromatography --- Mass spectrometry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Analytical Chemistry --- Congresses --- Congresses. --- LC (liquid chromatography)
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Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is widely used particularly for pharmaceutical and food analysis. While there are a number of books on the qualitative identification of chemical substances by TLC, the unique focus here is on quantitative analysis. The authors describe all steps of the analytical procedure, beginning with the basics and equipment for quantitative TLC followed by sample pretreatment and sample application, development and staining, scanning, and finally statistical and chemometric data evaluation and validation. An important feature is the coverage of effect-directed biological detection methods. Chapters are organized in a modular fashion facilitating the easy location of information about individual procedural steps.
Pharmacology. Therapy --- Food science and technology --- farmacologie --- voedingsleer --- LC (liquid chromatography) --- chromatografie --- DLC (dunnelaagchromatografie)
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Pharmacology. Therapy --- Food science and technology --- farmacologie --- voedingsleer --- LC (liquid chromatography) --- chromatografie --- DLC (dunnelaagchromatografie)
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This book focuses on an “outside the box” notion by utilizing the powerful applications of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in the interface of chemistry and biology. In personalized medicine, developing small molecules targeting a specific genomic sequence is an attractive goal. N-methylpyrrole (P)–N-methylimidazole (I) polyamides (PIPs) are a class of small molecule that can bind to the DNA minor groove. First, a cost-effective NGS (ion torrent platform)-based Bind-n-Seq was developed to identify the binding specificity of PIP conjugates in a randomized DNA library. Their biological influences rely primarily on selective DNA binding affinity, so it is important to analyze their genome-wide binding preferences. However, it is demanding to enrich specifically the small-molecule-bound DNA without chemical cross-linking or covalent binding in chromatinized genomes. Herein is described a method that was developed using high-throughput sequencing to map the differential binding sites and relative enriched regions of non-cross-linked SAHA-PIPs throughout the complex human genome. SAHA-PIPs binding motifs were identified and the genome-level mapping of SAHA-PIPs-enriched regions provided evidence for the differential activation of the gene network. A method using high-throughput sequencing to map the binding sites and relative enriched regions of alkylating PIP throughout the human genome was also developed. The genome-level mapping of alkylating the PIP-enriched region and the binding sites on the human genome identifies significant genomic targets of breast cancer. It is anticipated that this pioneering low-cost, high through-put investigation at the sequence-specific level will be helpful in understanding the binding specificity of various DNA-binding small molecules, which in turn will be beneficial for the development of small-molecule-based drugs targeting a genome-level sequence. .
Organic chemistry --- Molecular biology --- Biotechnology --- affiniteitschromatografie --- organische chemie --- biotechnologie --- gentherapie --- LC (liquid chromatography) --- moleculaire biologie
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This book focuses on innovative experimental and computational approaches for charting interaction networks in bacterial species. The first part of the volume consists of nine chapters, focusing on biochemical and genetics and genomics approaches including yeast two hybrid, metagenomics, affinity purification in combination with mass spectrometry, chromatin-immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing, large-scale synthetic genetic screens, and quantitative-based mass spectrometry strategies for mapping the bacterial physical, functional, substrate, and regulatory interaction networks needed for interpreting biological networks, inferring gene function, enzyme discovery, and identifying new drug targets. The second part comprises five chapters, covering the network of participants for protein folding and complex enzyme maturation. It also covers the structural approaches required to understand bacterial intramembrane proteolysis and the structure and function of bacterial proteins involved in surface polysaccharides, outer membrane, and envelope assembly. This volume concludes with a focus on computational and comparative genomics approaches, especially network-based methods for predicting physical or functional interactions, and integrative analytical approaches for generating more reliable information on bacterial gene function. This book provides foundational knowledge in the understanding of prokaryotic systems biology by illuminating how bacterial genes f unction within the framework of global cellular processes. The book will enable the microbiology community to create substantive resources for addressing many pending unanswered questions, and facilitate the development of new technologies that can be applied to other bacterial species lacking experimental data.
Genetics --- Histology. Cytology --- Biology --- Biotechnology --- affiniteitschromatografie --- proteomics --- biologie --- bacteriologie --- LC (liquid chromatography) --- proteïnen
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Contracting out --- Letting of contracts --- Evaluation. --- Government policy --- LC Engineers, Inc.
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Abstract Titanium is the fourth most abundant structural metal in the world. It is known to have a high strength, light weight, good formability and high corrosion resistance. Due to these properties, Titanium and its alloys are used in many industries, such as aerospace and automobile. Note that due to its high price, one can find Ti6Al4V in demanding applications. This master thesis defines quantitatively predicting of the microstructure of a titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V, worked with laser cladding process. The main goal is to define the proper phase transformation conditions that lead to reliable phase predictions. Outcomes are checked from the results obtained by two experimental observations in laser cladding process for the Ti6Al4V. Both studies obtained qualitative results according to the phases that formed the microstructure of the alloy and the hardness value of three different points located in the deposits. As a first reference, H.S. Tran used Constant Track Length building strategy. The second study has been made by MMS team at University of Liège, but it has not been published yet. They used a Decrease Track Length building strategy. The initial experimental work was done by H.Paydas . This master thesis is based on the implementation of a Fortran code that defines the phase transformations of Ti6Al4V. Inside the code, the thermal conditions and the equations with their parameters are defined. The project was based on Crespo’s model that calculates the phase transformation kinetics of this titanium alloy. After applying the same model, some differences have been made in order to achieve the desired results according to the improvement works done by H.S Tran and MMS team. This document presents a flow work starting with the basic theoretical background about Additive Manufacturing, Titanium and its alloys. After, Ti6Al4V is presented: its chemical composition, the different phases that can describe its microstructure and the equations that define the transformations from one phase to the other. The parameters and conditions defining those equations are determined and compared with previous literature, concretely with Crespo. Finally the results and conclusions are presented. Keywords: Laser Cladding (LC), Ti6Al4V, microstructure, thermal history, Fortran.
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