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To better understand the ancient Nabataean capital of Petra, it is important to consider its rural surroundings as well. The city's unfavorable geostrategic location makes this already clear: Situated in a deep valley and flanked by high mountain ranges, Petra's urban development was only possible through a well-structured organization of its surrounding landscape. This study presents a first comprehensive archaeological and culture-historical characterization of the Petraean hinterland and researches overall strategies of the spatial organization of the city's rural environs. Based on an extensive set of archaeological survey data from the Petra region, this study explores a variety of archaeological site types and features diachronically. While the main chronological focus is clearly set on the Nabataean and Roman periods, it also considers the preceding Iron Age and Hellenistic periods, as well as the subsequent Byzantine period. The aim is to examine rural settlement patterns and subsistence strategies, aspects of rural water management, the extensive infrastructural network, the funerary and religious landscape, the military disposition, as well as the industrial potential of rural Petra. Following a unique landscape archaeological approach, this study provides a differentiated analysis of the various archaeological sites and features for a broad, regional understanding of the Petraean hinterland and offers new insights into the socio-political and administrative, military, economic and infrastructural development of Terra Petraea through time. Um die antike Nabatäerhauptstadt, Petra, besser verstehen zu können, muss man auch das Umland der Stadt in Betracht ziehen. Allein die geostrategisch ungünstige Lage Petras macht dies schon deutlich: In einem tiefen Tal gelegen und umgeben von steilen Gebirgsketten, war die Entwicklung der Stadt nur durch eine gut funktionierende Organisation der umliegenden Landschaft möglich. Diese Arbeit untersucht diesen Aspekt näher und legt eine erste, umfassende archäologische und kulturhistorische Charakterisierung des Umlandes von Petra vor und erforscht allgemeine Strategien zur räumlichen Organisation des peträischen Hinterlandes. Sie stützt sich dabei auf extensive archäologische Surveydaten aus der Petra-Region und untersucht eine Vielzahl von archäologischen Fundstellen und Gattungen diachron. Der chronologische Schwerpunkt liegt eindeutig auf der nabatäischen und römischen Periode. Es werden aber auch die vorangehende eisenzeitliche und hellenistische Periode sowie die nachfolgende byzantinische Zeit berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, ländliche Siedlungsmuster und Subsistenzstrategien, Aspekte des ländlichen Wassermanagements, das infrastrukturelle Netzwerk, die funeräre und religiöse Landschaft, die militärische Disposition sowie das industrielle Potential des peträischen Umlandes zu untersuchen. Mit einem bisher einzigartigen landschaftsarchäologischen Ansatz, bietet diese Arbeit eine differenzierte Analyse der archäologischen Daten, um ein breites Verständnis der räumlichen Organisation des peträischen Hinterlandes zu ermäglichen. Es sollen dabei neue Erkenntnisse in die sozio-politische und administrative, militärische, wirtschaftliche und infrastrukturelle Entwicklung der Terra Petraea im Laufe der Zeit geboten werden.

E-books --- Archaeology --- Petra --- Nabatäer --- Landschaftsarchäologie --- Hinterland --- Jordanien

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Since the publication of the first edition, substantial changes have occurred in the political landscape of Jordan and the Middle East. King Abdullah II has cemented his rule amidst an onslaught of threats which have faced his kingdom since he succeeded his father in 1999. The Syrian civil war has fundamentally shifted the political context of its neighbouring countries, with Jordan experiencing a huge population explosion as people moved across the border from Syria. This second edition of Robins' accessible and succinct survey of Jordanian political history is an account of a century of events within a country whose fortunes are closely identified with its heads of state. Beginning in the early 1920s in the Mandate years, and now benefiting from new material on the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood, attempts at democratisation, the collapse of the economy, the Jordan Spring and refugee crisis, this new edition featuring original research brings Jordan's political history into the twenty-first century.

Jordan --- Giordania --- Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan --- Hashimite Kingdom of the Jordan --- Jordania --- Jordanien --- Mamlaka al-Urduniya al-Hashemiyah --- Mamlakah al-Urdunīyah al-Hāshimīyah --- Urdun --- Urdunn --- Yarden --- Transjordan --- History

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Poverty --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Jordan --- Social policy. --- Economic policy. --- Yarden --- Jordanien --- Giordania --- Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan --- Mamlakah al-Urdunīyah al-Hāshimīyah --- Urdun --- Hashimite Kingdom of the Jordan --- Jordania --- Mamlaka al-Urduniya al-Hashemiyah --- Urdunn --- Transjordan

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Jordan in Transition offers a cogent and compelling analysis of the country's domestic and international politics. Ryan argues that there have been four dramatic transitions in Jordan's recent past: ambitious economic restructuring, efforts toward political liberalization, realignments in foreign relations (culminating in the 1994 peace agreement with Israel), and the succession of King Abdullah II. Exploring these transitions, and how each in turn affects the others, he provides a major contribution to our understanding of this pivotal country in the Middle East.

Jordan --- Jordanie --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions économiques --- Conditions économiques --- Yarden --- Jordanien --- Giordania --- Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan --- Mamlakah al-Urdunīyah al-Hāshimīyah --- Urdun --- Hashimite Kingdom of the Jordan --- Jordania --- Mamlaka al-Urduniya al-Hashemiyah --- Urdunn --- Transjordan --- Jordan - Politics and government - 1952-1999 --- Jordan - Politics and government - 1999 --- -Jordan - Economic conditions - 20th century

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This atlas aims to provide the reader with key pointers for a spatial analysis of the social, economic and political dynamics at work in Jordan, an exemplary country of the Middle East complexities. Being a product of seven years of scientific cooperation between Ifpo, the Royal Jordanian Geographic Center and the University of Jordan, it includes the contributions of 48 European, Jordanian and International researchers. A long historical part followed by sections on demography, economy, social disparities, urban challenges and major town and country planning, sheds light on the formation of Jordanian territories over time.Jordan has always been looked on as an exception in the Middle East due to the political stability that has prevailed since the country’s Independence in 1946, despite the challenge of integrating several waves of Palestinian, Iraqi and - more recently - Syrian refugees. Thanks to this stability and the peace accord signed with Israel in 1994, Jordan is one of the first countries in the world for development aid per capita.

Geography --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Atlases & Maps --- Atlases. --- Jordan --- History. --- Geographic atlases --- Geographical atlases --- World atlases --- World geographic atlases --- Cartographic materials --- Reference books --- Yarden --- Jordanien --- Giordania --- Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan --- Mamlakah al-Urdunīyah al-Hāshimīyah --- Urdun --- Hashimite Kingdom of the Jordan --- Jordania --- Mamlaka al-Urduniya al-Hashemiyah --- Urdunn --- Transjordan --- development --- geography --- territory