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International borders have become deadly barriers of a proportion rivaled only by war or natural disaster. Yet despite the damage created by borders, most people can't - or don't want to - imagine a world without them. What alternatives do we have to prevent the deadly results of contemporary borders? In today's world, national citizenship determines a person's ability to migrate across borders. Migration Borders Freedom questions that premise. Recognizing the magnitude of deaths occurring at contemporary borders worldwide, the book problematizes the concept of the border and develops arguments for open borders and a world without borders. It explores alternative possibilities, ranging from the practical to the utopian, that link migration with ideas of community, citizenship, and belonging. The author calls into question the conventional political imagination that assumes migration and citizenship to be responsibilities of nation states, rather than cities. While the book draws on the theoretical work of thinkers such as Ernst Bloch, David Harvey, and Henry Lefebvre, it also presents international empirical examples of policies and practices on migration and claims of belonging. In this way, the book equips the reader with the practical and conceptual tools for political action, activist practice, and scholarly engagement to achieve greater justice for people who are on the move.

Boundaries --- Border crossing. --- Border security. --- Political aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Border control --- Border management --- Cross-border security --- National security --- Crossing borders --- International border crossing --- International travel --- Borders (Geography) --- Boundary lines --- Frontiers --- Geographical boundaries --- International boundaries --- Lines, Boundary --- Natural boundaries --- Perimeters (Boundaries) --- Political boundaries --- Borderlands --- Territory, National --- Security measures --- Science --- Earth Sciences --- Geography --- Social Science --- Human Geography

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Myanmar, the second biggest country in terms of area in mainland South East Asia, borders five neighboring countries: China, Thailand, India, Bangladesh, and Lao PDR. Myanmar's longest borders are with China (approximately 1,357 miles) and Thailand (approximately 1,314 miles), and it shares coastal waters with Malaysia and Singapore. Informal activities and informal moment of goods and people have been quite significant due to many factors. Although various policy measures have been developed to mitigate these informal activities, there has not been any study regarding the sources of these informal activities, their costs and benefits, impacts and consequences of the existence and non-existence of these activities, or how these activities could be mitigated without having significant negative economic and social impacts on the local people and the economy as the whole. This paper attempts to identify factors behind causes and effects of informal flows in goods and persons across the borders between Myanmar and its neighboring countries, especially China and Thailand, and to address related issues and possible policy implications. This paper is a result of various surveys and studies in many places in Myanmar, Lao PDR, Thailand, and China from 2005 to 2009 under several research projects.

Informal sector (Economics) --- Economics --- Border crossing --- Sociological aspects. --- Southeast Asia --- Emigration and immigration. --- Crossing borders --- International border crossing --- International travel --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Hidden economy --- Parallel economy --- Second economy --- Shadow economy --- Subterranean economy --- Underground economy --- Artisans --- Small business --- Asia, Southeast --- Asia, Southeastern --- South East Asia --- Southeastern Asia --- goodsnetworks --- golden triangle --- borders --- Upper Greater Mekong Subregion --- smuggling --- informal trade --- economy --- underground economy --- Vietnam --- parallel economy --- trafic --- trafficking

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When American occupiers broke up the Japanese empire in the wake of World War II, approximately 1.7 million people departed Japan for various parts of Northeast Asia. The mass exodus was spearheaded by Koreans, many of whom chartered small fishing vessels to ship them back quickly to their liberated homeland, while wartime devastation hampered the return of Okinawans to their archipelago. By the time the officially endorsed repatriation program was inaugurated, however, increasing numbers of people began escaping US military rule in southern Korea and the Ryukyu Islands by smuggling themselves into occupied Japan. How and why did these migrants move across borderlines newly drawn by American occupiers in the region? Their personal stories reveal what liberation and defeat meant to displaced peoples, and how the compounding challenges of their resettlement led to the expansion of smuggling networks. The consequent surge of unauthorized border-crossings spurred occupation authorities into forging exclusionary migration regulations. Through a comparative study of Korean and Okinawan experiences during the postwar occupation era, Matthew Augustine explores how their migrations shaped, and were in turn shaped by, American policies throughout the region. This is the first comprehensive study of the dynamic and often contentious relationship between migrations and border controls in US-occupied Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyus, examining the American interlude in Northeast Asia as a closely integrated, regional history. The extent of cooperation and coordination among American occupiers, as well as their competing jurisdictions and interests, determined the mixed outcome of using repatriation and deportation as expedient tools for dismantling the Japanese empire. The heightening Cold War and deepening collaboration between the occupiers and local authorities coproduced stringent migration laws, generating new problems of how to distinguish South Koreans from North Koreans and “Ryukyuans” from Japanese. In occupied Japan, fears of communist infiltration and subversion merged with deep-seated discrimination, transforming erstwhile colonial subjects into “aliens” and “illegal aliens.” This transregional history explains the process by which Northeast Asia and its respective populations were remade between the fall of the Japanese empire and the rise of American hegemony.

Border crossing --- Koreans --- Ryukyuans --- HISTORY / Asia / Japan. --- History --- Okinawans --- Ethnology --- Crossing borders --- International border crossing --- International travel --- Japan --- Korea --- Emigration and immigration --- al-Yābān --- Giappone --- Government of Japan --- Iapōnia --- I︠A︡ponii︠a︡ --- Japam --- Japani --- Japão --- Japon --- Japonia --- Japonsko --- Japonya --- Jih-pen --- Mư̄ang Yīpun --- Nihon --- Nihon-koku --- Nihonkoku --- Nippon --- Nippon-koku --- Nipponkoku --- Prathēt Yīpun --- Riben --- State of Japan --- Yābān --- Yapan --- Yīpun --- Zhāpān --- Япония --- اليابان --- يابان --- 日本 --- 日本国 --- Jepun --- Yapon --- Yapon Ulus --- I︠A︡pon --- Япон --- I︠A︡pon Uls --- Япон Улс

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In this groundbreaking work, Kamal Sadiq reveals that most of the world's undocumented immigrants are not migrating directly to the US, but to countries in the vast developing world, where they are able to obtain citizenship papers fairly easily. Sadiq introduces "documentary citizenship" to explain how paperwork--often falsely obtained--confers citizenship on undocumented immigrants. Across the globe, there are literally tens of millions of such undocumented immigrants who have assumed the guise of "citizens." Who, then, is really a citizen? And what does citizenship mean for most of the world's peoples? Rendered in vivid detail, Paper Citizens not only shows how undocumented immigrants acquire false papers, but also sheds light on the consequences this will have for global security in the post 9/11 world--adapted from Google Books

Illegal aliens --- Security, International. --- Border crossing. --- South Asia --- Southeast Asia --- Pakistan --- Emigration and immigration. --- Crossing borders --- International border crossing --- International travel --- Collective security --- International security --- International relations --- Disarmament --- International organization --- Peace --- Aliens --- Aliens, Illegal --- Illegal immigrants --- Illegal immigration --- Undocumented aliens --- Alien detention centers --- Human smuggling --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Dominion of Pakistan --- Bākistān --- Islamic Republic of Pakistan --- Islamskai︠a︡ Respublika Pakistan --- Islami Jamhuriya e Pakistan --- Pākistāna --- پاکِستان --- Islāmī Jumhūrī-ye Pākistān --- باكستان --- Paquistan --- Пакістан --- Ісламская Рэспубліка Пакістан --- Пакистан --- Ислямска република Пакистан --- Isli︠a︡mska republika Pakistan --- Islamische Republik Pakistan --- Eʼeʼaahjí Naakaii Dootłʼizhí Bikéyah --- Pakistani Islamivabariik --- Πακιστάν --- Ισλαμική Δημοκρατία του Πακιστάν --- Islamikē Dēmokratia tou Pakistan --- Jamhuryat Islami Pakistan --- State of Pakistan --- Islāmī Jumhūriyah Pākistān --- パキスタン --- Pakisutan --- West Pakistan (Pakistan) --- Asia, Southeast --- Asia, Southeastern --- South East Asia --- Southeastern Asia --- Asia, South --- Asia, Southern --- Indian Sub-continent --- Indian Subcontinent --- Southern Asia --- Orient --- Undocumented immigrants --- Enemy aliens --- Expatriates --- Foreign population --- Foreign residents --- Foreigners --- Non-citizens --- Noncitizens --- Resident aliens --- Unauthorized immigrants --- Unnaturalized foreign residents --- Persons --- Illegal immigration. --- Children of illegal aliens --- Illegal alien children --- Irregular migration --- Unauthorized immigration --- Undocumented immigration --- Women illegal aliens --- Emigration and immigration --- Noncitizen detention centers

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"With the end of apartheid rule and the on-going economic crisis in Zimbabwe, Francis Musoni observes that border crossing has become a way of life for many of those who live on both sides of the Limpopo River. This border has become one of the busiest inland ports in entry in the world and as border crossers wait for clearance, crime, violence, and illegal entries have become rampant. Musoni explores the many reasons for crossing a border, including searches for better paying jobs in South Africa and access to food and clothing at affordable prices, and sets these actions into a framework of illegality. He considers how countries have failed to secure their borders, why passports are denied to travelers, and how migration has become a phenomenon with a long history, especially in Africa. Musoni emphasizes cross-border travelers' active participation in the making of this history and how clandestine mobility has presented opportunity and creative possibilities for those who are willing to take the risk."--Provided by publisher.

Zimbabweans --- Border crossing --- Social conditions --- Zimbabwe --- South Africa --- Africa, South --- An tSiombáib --- Cimbabue --- Dēmokratia tēs Zimpampoue --- Government of Zimbabwe --- GOZ (Zimbabwe) --- Jinbabue --- Poblachd Shiombabue --- Repubblica dello Zimbabwe --- Republic of Zimbabwe --- República de Zimbabue --- Republika Zimbabve --- Simbabve --- Simbabwe --- Siombabue --- Yn Çhimbabwe --- Zimbabhue --- Zimbabua --- Zimbabue --- Zimbabvah --- Zimbabve --- Zimbabṿeh --- Zimbabves Republika --- Zīmbābvih --- Zimbabvo --- Zimbabweh --- Zimpampoue --- Ζιμπάμπουε --- Δημοκρατία της Ζιμπάμπουε --- Република Зимбабве --- Зимбабуе --- Зимбабве --- Зімбабве --- זימבבואה --- זימבבווה --- زيمبابوه --- ジンバブエ --- Southern Rhodesia --- Emigration and immigration --- History --- Boundaries. --- Crossing borders --- International border crossing --- International travel --- Rhodesians --- Ethnology --- #SBIB:39A6 --- #SBIB:39A73 --- Etniciteit / Migratiebeleid en -problemen --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Emigration and immigration. --- Border crossing. --- HISTORY / Africa / South / General. --- Social conditions. --- Zimbabwe. --- South Africa. --- Borders (Geography) --- Boundary lines --- Frontiers --- Geographical boundaries --- International boundaries --- Lines, Boundary --- Natural boundaries --- Perimeters (Boundaries) --- Political boundaries --- Borderlands --- Territory, National --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- África del Sur --- África do Sul --- Afrika Selatan --- Afrique du Sud --- Azania --- Dél-Afrika --- Dél-Afrikai Köztársaság --- Derom Afriḳah --- Dorem-Afriḳe --- Güney Afrika --- Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti --- iRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika --- iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika --- iRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika --- iRiphabliki yomZantsi Afrika --- I͡U.A.R. --- I͡UAR --- I͡Uzhno-Afrikanskai͡a Respublika --- I͡Uzhno-Afrikanskiĭ Soi͡uz --- Janūb Ifrīqiy --- Jihoafrická republika --- Juhoafrická republika --- Jumhūrīyat Janūb Ifrīqiy --- Južná Afrika --- Južnoafrički savez --- Minami Afurika Kyōwakoku --- Nan Fei --- Nan Fei Gongheguo --- Nanfei --- Nanfei Gongheguo --- Repabliki ya Afrika-Borwa --- Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa --- Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa --- Repubblica del Sud Africa --- Republic of South Africa --- República da África do Sul --- República de Sudáfrica --- Republiek van Suid-Afrika --- Republik Südafrika --- Republik Suedafrika --- Republika Południowej Afryki --- République Sud Africaine --- Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga --- Riphabul̳iki ya Afurika Tshipembe --- RSA --- Sud África --- Sudáfrica --- Südafrika --- Suid-Afrika --- Unie van Suid-Afrika --- Union of South Africa