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Although the story of the biblical book Tobit is not very known, it has always been an inspiration for artists. This was already proved by authors such as Hanne Weskott (1974) and Elizabeth Philpot (2006), but there is no publication that focusses on the iconography of Tobit in miniature art. The goal of The iconography of the Book of Tobit in Western and Indian miniatures (1400-1600) is to research this niche within the time period between 1400 and 1600, using miniatures that are accessible online or in the literature on the topic. Episodes from the Book of Tobit were not only illustrated in the western art of illumination, but also in Indian miniature art. Although European book illuminators illustrated every episode of the book, the iconography of Tobias and the angel was the only theme that seems to have reached India. Both cultures depicted the iconography in miniature art, but the transition of it happened through the copper engravings and prints that the Jesuits took with them during their missions at the court of emperor Akbar (1556-1605). This thesis therefore exists of two parts in which prints take on the role as mediator. This disquisition deals with the various medieval book types in which and in which way the iconography of the Book of Tobit was depicted in them, but also researches how Mughals artists dealt with the western image of Tobias and the angel and how they blended it together with all kinds of Persian, Indian and other European iconographies in order to create hybrid images. Authors such as Amina Okada (1988) do not only describe miniatures with two figures, of which one is holding a fish, as Tobias and the angel. Miniatures with only one angel or human with a fish are also described as Tobias or Raphael. Gregory Minissale (2007) on the contrary thinks that angels with a fish are depictions of Jibrail (Gabriel) from the Qisas al-Anbiya (Stories of the Prophet). Because it is most likely that miniatures depicting an angel and a fish indeed derive from this Islamic story, only miniatures with two figures, of which one with a fish, are discussed in the thesis. The part that deals with the western art of illumination is dived in typological works, Bibles, Office books, other religious works and secular works. The second part about the Mughal miniatures is divided per miniature, because there are far less examples in this case.