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Following Hegel's analysis of art's increasing difficulty to both engage and extricate itself from prosaic reality, Paul Fleming investigates the strategies employed by German literature from 1750 to 1850 for increasingly attuning itself to "idian life—common heroes, everyday life, non-extraordinary events—while also avoiding all notions of mediocrity. He focuses on three sites of this tension: the average audience (Lessing), the average artist (Goethe and Schiller), and the everyday, or average life (Grillparzer and Stifter). The book's title, Exemplarity and Mediocrity, describes both a disjunctive and a conjunctive relation. Read disjunctively, modern art must display the "exemplary originality" (Kant) that only genius can provide and is thus fundamentally opposed to mediocrity as that which does not stand out or lacks distinctiveness; in the conjunctive sense, modern art turns to non-exceptional life in order to transform it—without forsaking its commonness—thereby producing exemplary forms of mediocrity that both represent the non-exceptional and, insofar as they stand outside the group they represent, are something other than mediocre.

German literature --- Aesthetics in literature. --- Young Germany --- History and criticism. --- Aesthetics in literature --- History and criticism --- E-books

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Philosophical anthropology --- Theory of knowledge --- Literature --- Literature and philosophy --- Philosophy and literature --- Philosophy --- Theory

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'St. Matthew Passion' is Hans Blumenberg's sustained and devastating meditation on Jesus's anguished cry on the cross, 'My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?' Why did this abandonment happen, what does it mean within the logic of the Gospels, how have believers and nonbelievers understood it, and how does it live on in art? With rare philological acuity and vast historical learning, Blumenberg unfolds context upon context in which this cry has reverberated, from early Christian apologetics and heretics to 20th-century literature and philosophy. Blumenberg's guide through this unending story of divine abandonment is Johann Sebastian Bach's monumental Matthäuspassion, the parabolic mirror that bundled 1800 years of reflection on the fate of the crucified and allows us post-Christian listeners to feel the anguish of those who witnessed the events of the Passion.

Jesus Christ --- Bach, Johann Sebastian, --- Passion. --- Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc.