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Настоящата публикация изследва каква е степента на въвеждане на действащите европейски стандарти в правната уредба на системата на затворите и изпълнението на наказанието лишаване от свобода в България, какво е прилагането им в практиката, каква е наказателната политика и стратегията на държавата по тези проблеми общо и в частност по отношение на наркозависимите лишени от свобода, както и какви са вижданията на работещите в пенитенциарната система и на организациите, осъществяващи мониторинг върху дейността на затворническите заведения.
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The report for a second consecutive year presents information about Bulgaria’s crime rate from an alternative source - victimization surveys - and attempts to make a systematic comparison of the crime level according to victim-reported crime and police crime data. The crime situation in Bulgaria is also compared to crime in a number of European countries. The findings of three national crime victims surveys, referred to throughout this report as National Crime Surveys (NCS), offer an opportunity to assess street crime in Bulgaria in the period 2000–2005. The first NCS 2002 and NCS 2004 examined only 11 categories of offenses against households and persons, while NCS 2005 also incorporates 11 categories of offenses against companies. The 11 categories of offenses included in the NCS correspond to about 80% of all police-registered crimes in Bulgaria. The report does not cover corruption, drug-related or organized crime offenses, as they are the subject of other CSD analyses. Toward the end of the 1990s and, particularly after the year 2000, as the prospect of EU membership became more likely, greater political stability and economic prosperity in Bulgaria led to a gradual decrease in crime. This trend, which was most perceptible in the period 2000–2005, was the result of several factors. Declining unemployment, rising incomes and economic growth provided alternatives to many individuals with criminal incomes. Demographic processes and emigration also contributed to the reduction in crime. Further strengthening of the judiciary and the law-enforcement systems, in an attempt to meet EU-set requirements, revived the criminal justice system, which in 2004 issued six times more sentences than it did in 1993. A comparison of the NCS 2005 with the European Union International Crime Survey (EUICS) shows that Bulgaria’s level of street crime has remained lower than the average level of EU countries. Whereas in 2004 the average EU prevalence rate for the eleven crime categories among citizens above 15 was 15.6%, the prevalence rate in Bulgaria was 12.9%. The dynamics of some types of crimes, however, calls for special attention.
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Настоящото издание е втората по ред публикация на Центъра за изследване на демокрацията, посветена на съдебната реформа във връзка с мястото и ролята на прокуратурата и следствието. Тя представя опита на държавите членки на Европейския съюз и на страните кандидатки по отношение на организацията и структурата на прокуратурата и разследващите органи. Сред авторите са представители на съда, прокуратурата и разследващите органи от Испания, Латвия, Литва, Полша, Румъния, Словакия, Словения, Унгария и Чехия, както и съдии, следователи, представители на законодателната и изпълнителната власт и неправителствени организации от България. Публикацията има за цел да продължи широкото публично и експертно обсъждане на различните варианти за реформа на съдебната власт в България, следвайки успешните модели, приложени в други страни.
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Courts --- Justice, Administration of. --- European Union countries.
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Political corruption --- Business enterprises --- Public administration --- Prevention. --- Corrupt practices --- Bulgaria --- Politics and government
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The annual academic forum of National and International Security Department this year is devoted to regional security and reforms in the European Union. Foreign academics and researchers from Poland, Macedonia, Serbia, Russia and other countries are taking part in this broad forum.Why have we chosen this topic?Today, in the first quarter of the 21st century, it appears that the world is on the verge of tolerance of risks and threats. The range of these threats is enormously broad - from the danger of wars between countries and coalitions, to violence among people within states. The world is in a period of devastated global equilibrium and a slowly developing new equilibrium. The temporal distance between these two states opened a place for the manifestation of chaos.In this increasingly difficult to predict world, the European Union has not been so far under such a criticism as the present since its creation. It comes from the ultimate right and the ultimate left, pass through the center and involve more and more ideologists and representatives, even the classical left and center-right political parties. But even a glimpse of their criticism does not show a way out of the crisis. It does not show how to preserve what is valuable in politics, economics and democracy that Europeans have undoubtedly enjoyed and continue to enjoy and how to transfer it into a future European Project.
Politics / Political Sciences --- Politics --- Social Sciences --- Education --- Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence --- Political Theory --- Civil Society --- Public Administration --- Sociology --- Economic policy --- Environmental and Energy policy --- International relations/trade --- Security and defense --- Politics and law --- Politics and religion --- Criminology --- Radical sociology --- Migration Studies --- Ethnic Minorities Studies --- Globalization --- EU-Legislation --- Geopolitics --- Europe --- History
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