Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Reviews causes of poverty in rural areas and presents a policy framework for reducing rural poverty, including through land reform, public works programs, access to credit, physical and social infrastructure, subsidies, and transfer of technology. Identifies key elements for drafting a policy to reduce rural poverty.

Poverty --- Capacity --- Capital --- Education --- Education: General --- Government Policy --- Income economics --- Infrastructure --- Intangible Capital --- Investment --- Labor economics --- Labor Economics: General --- Labor --- Labour --- Macroeconomics --- Poverty & precarity --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Poverty reduction --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Saving and investment --- Social Services and Welfare --- Social welfare & social services --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Bangladesh

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Over the past three decades, public spending on infrastructure, as a share of GDP, has been on the decline worldwide. Although the link between infrastructure investment and economic growth is not yet fully understood, the quality of infrastructure clearly affects a country's productivity, competitiveness in export markets, and ability to attract foreign investment. This EI explores the following questions: Should countries increase public investment in infrastructure? If the answer is yes, how can they do so in a fiscally responsible manner? Are public-private partnerships a viable alternative?.

Infrastructure --- Public Finance --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Macroeconomics --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public investment spending --- Public debt --- Expenditure --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Public investments --- Saving and investment --- Debts, Public --- Expenditures, Public --- Brazil

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Over the past decade, rising oil prices have translated into high levels of public investment in most MENA and CCA oil exporters. This has prompted questions about the efficiency of public investment in generating growth and closing infrastructure gaps, as well as concerns about fiscal vulnerabilities. When public investment is inefficient, higher levels of spending may simply lead to larger budget deficits, without sufficiency increasing the quantity or quality of public infrastructure in support of economic growth. This paper examines the efficiency of public investment in the MENA and CCA oil exporters using several techniques, including a novel application of the efficiency frontier analysis, estimates of unit investment costs, and assessments of public investment processes. The analysis confirms that these oil exporters have substantial room to improve public investment efficiency. Reforms in the public financial and investment management systems are needed to achieve this objective.

Public investments --- Petroleum industry and trade --- Energy industries --- Oil industries --- Government investments --- Investments, Public --- Expenditures, Public --- Investments --- Capital budget --- Economic development projects --- Investment of public funds --- Economic aspects --- Finance --- E-books --- Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics --- Capacity --- Capital investments --- Capital spending --- Capital --- Environmental and Ecological Economics: General --- Environmental management --- Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development --- Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development --- Fiscal Policy --- Infrastructure --- Intangible Capital --- Investment --- Macroeconomics --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Natural Resources --- Natural resources --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Public finance & taxation --- Public Finance --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public investment spending --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Saving and investment --- United States