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Thomas Traherne has all too often been defined and studied as a solitary thinker, "out of his time", and not as a participant in the complex intellectual currents of the period. The essays collected here take issue with this reading of him, placing Traherne firmly in his historical context and situating his work within broader issues in seventeenth-century studies and the history of ideas; they draw on recently published textual discoveries alongside manuscripts which still have yet to be published. They address major themes in Traherne studies, including Traherne's interpretation of spirit and his understanding of matter, his attitude towards happiness and holiness, his response to solitude and society, and his Anglican identity. As a wholle, the volume aims to re-ignite discussion on settled readings of Traherne's work, reconsider issues in Traherne scholarship which have long lain dormant, and supplement our picture of the man and his writings through new discoveries and insights.
Elizabeth S. Dodd lectures in theology, ministry, imagination and culture at Sarum College in Salisbury; Cassandra Gorman is lecturer in English at Trinity College, Cambridge.
Contributors: Jacob Blevins, Warren Chernaik, Phoebe Dickerson, Elizabeth S. Dodd, Ana Elena González-Trevino, Cassandra Gorman, Carol Ann Johnston, Alison Kershaw, Kathryn Murphy
Traherne, Thomas, --- Faithful son of the Church of England, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Authors, English --- English authors --- Thomas Traherne. --- Traherne studies. --- author studies. --- famous philosophers. --- literary analysis. --- literature studies. --- philosophy. --- refutation. --- religion and classics. --- theology.
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Cathars have long been regarded as posing the most organised challenge to orthodox Catholicism in the medieval West, even as a "counter-Church" to orthodoxy in southern France and northern Italy. Their beliefs, understood to be inspired by Balkan dualism, are often seen as the most radical among medieval heresies. However, recent work has fiercely challenged this paradigm, arguing instead that "Catharism" was a construct of its persecutors, mis-named and mis-represented by generations of subsequent scholarship, and its supposedly radical views were a fantastical projection of the fears of orthodox commentators.
This volume brings together a wide range of views from some of the most distinguished international scholars in the field, in order to address the debate directly while also opening up new areas for research. Focussing on dualism and anti-materialist beliefs in southern France, Italy and the Balkans, it considers a number of crucial issues. These include: what constitutes popular belief; how (and to what extent) societies of the past were based on the persecution of dissidents; and whether heresy can be seen as an invention of orthodoxy. At the same time, the essays shed new light on some key aspects of the political, cultural, religious and economic relationships between the Balkans and more western regions of Europe in the Middle Ages.
Antonio Sennis isSenior Lecturer in Medieval History at University College London Contributors: John H. Arnold, Peter Biller, Caterina Bruschi, David d'Avray, Jörg Feuchter, Bernard Hamilton, Robert I. Moore, MarkGregory Pegg, Rebecca Rist, Lucy Sackville, Antonio Sennis, Claire Taylor, Julien Théry-Astruc, Yuri Stoyanov
Albigenses. --- Cathares --- Christian church history --- anno 500-1499 --- France --- Italy --- Balkan Peninsula --- Albigenses --- Albigensians --- Cathari --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Christian heresies --- History --- Balkan States --- Balkans --- Europe, Southeastern --- Southeastern Europe --- Catholocism. --- Christianity. --- Roman Catholic Church. --- economics and religion. --- ethnography. --- medieval church. --- medieval history. --- medieval studies. --- middle age Catholicism. --- religion and classics. --- religious studies.
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Thomas Becket - the archbishop of Canterbury cut down in his own cathedral just after Christmas 1170 - stands amongst the most renowned royal ministers, churchmen, and saints of the Middle Ages. He inspired the work of medieval writers and artists, and remains a compelling subject for historians today. Yet many of the political, religious, and cultural repercussions of his murder and subsequent canonisation remain to be explored in detail.
This book examines the development of the cult and the impact of the legacy of Saint Thomas within the Plantagenet orbit of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries - the "Empire" assembled by King Henry II, defended by his son King Richard the Lionheart, and lost by King John. Traditional textual and archival sources, such as miracle collections, charters, and royal and papal letters, are used in conjunction with the material culture inspired by the cult, to emphasise the wide-ranging impact of the murder and of the cult's emergence in the century following the martyrdom. From the archiepiscopal church at Canterbury, to writers and religious houses across the Plantagenet lands, to the courts of Henry II, his children, and the bishops of the Angevin world, individuals and communities adapted and responded to one of the most extraordinary religious phenomena of the age.
Dr Paul Webster is currently Lecturer in Medieval History and Project Manager of the Exploring the Past adult learners progression pathway at Cardiff University; Dr Marie-Pierre Gelin is a Teaching Fellow in the History Department at University College London.
Contributors: Colette Bowie, Elma Brenner, José Manuel Cerda, Anne J. Duggan, Marie-Pierre Gelin, Alyce A. Jordan, Michael Staunton, Paul Webster.
Christian saints --- Christian martyrs --- Bishops --- Thomas, --- Cult --- History --- Great Britain --- Archbishops --- Clergy --- Major orders --- Metropolitans --- Orders, Major --- Becket, Thomas à, --- Becket, Thomas, --- Thomas --- Cult. --- Martyrs --- Martyrdom --- Saints --- Canonization --- Chaplains, Bishops' --- Episcopacy --- Christianity --- Thomas Cantuariensis --- Thomas ep. Cantuariensis m. --- European history. --- Saint Thomas Becket. --- early modern history. --- medieval studies. --- midle ages. --- religion and classics literature. --- religious history. --- religious studies. --- saints.
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The literary career of Thomas Walsingham, a significant figure in late fourteenth-century classicist letters in England and an overlooked contemporary of Chaucer, has been neglected - which this bookremedies. Following the texts, rather than individuals or institutions, it demonstrates both authors' participation in a previously unrecognized discursive field that spans Latinate clerical prose and secular vernacular poetry, opening for reexamination the "idea" of public literature in the late Middle Ages and recalibrating the terms of the conversation about the advent of humanistic textual practice in England. Providing a connected and comparative reading of Walsingham's works, alongside those of Chaucer, and taking both historical and literary approaches, the book extends our understanding of Chaucer through the exploration of his relationship to the clerical constituencies of London, Oxford, and monasteries in the South-East, and inserts Walsingham into the modern study of the reception of the Latin classics among the vernacular authors of his period.
Sylvia Federico is Professor of English and member of the Classical and Medieval Studies Program at Bates College.
Latin literature, Medieval and modern --- History and criticism. --- Walsingham, Thomas, --- Chaucer, Geoffrey, --- Chaucer, Jeffrey, --- Chʻiao-sou, Chieh-fu-lei, --- Chieh-fu-lei Chʻiao-sou, --- Choser, Dzheffri, --- Choser, Zheoffreĭ, --- Cosvr, Jvoffrvi, --- Tishūsar, Zhiyūfrī, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Chaucer. --- England. --- English. --- Middle English. --- Old English. --- fourteenth century. --- medieval Europe. --- medieval literature. --- medieval studies. --- middle ages. --- primary source. --- religion and classics. --- religious studies.
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Religious reform and the rise of the territorial state were the central features of early modern German history. Reformation and state-building, however, had a much longer history, beginning in the later Middle Ages and continuing through the early modern period. In this insightful new study, Smith explores the key relationship between the rise of the territorial state and religious upheavals of the age, centering his investigation on the diocese of Bamberg in upper Franconia. During the Reformation, the diocese was split in half: the parishes in the domains of the Franconian Hohenzollerns became Lutheran; those under the secular jurisdiction of the bishops of Bamberg remained Catholic. Drawing from a broad range of archival sources, Smith offers a compelling look at the origins and course of Catholic and Protestant reform. He examines the major religious crises of the period - the Great Schism, the Conciliar Movement, the Hussite War, the Peasant's War, the Thirty Years' War, and the Witch Craze - comparing their impact on the two states and showing how events played out on the local, territorial, and imperial stages. Careful analysis of the sources reveals how religious beliefs shaped politics in the emerging territorial principalities, explaining both the similarities as well as the profound differences between Lutheran and Catholic conceptions of the state. William Bradford Smith is professor of history at Oglethorpe University.
Reformation --- Church and state --- Christianity and state --- Separation of church and state --- State and church --- State, The --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- Protestantism --- History --- Franconia (Germany) --- Franconia (Duchy) --- Franken (Germany) --- Church history. --- History. --- Politics and government. --- Catholic reformation. --- German history. --- Protestant reformation. --- church and state. --- diocese. --- medieval Germany. --- middle ages. --- political science. --- religion and classics. --- religion and politics. --- religious reformation. --- religious studies.
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Some of the most celebrated passages of Old English poetry are speeches: Beowulf and Unferth's verbal contest, Hrothgar's words of advice, Satan's laments, Juliana's words of defiance, etc. Yet DirectSpeech, as a stylistic device, has remained largely under-examined and under-theorized in studies of the corpus. As a consequence, many analyses are unduly influenced by anachronistic conceptions ofDirect Speech, leading to problematic interpretations, not least concerning irony and implicit characterisation.
This book uses linguistic theories to reassess the role of Direct Speech in Old English narrative poetry. Beowulf is given a great deal of attention, because it is a major poem and because it is the focus of much of the existing scholarship on this subject, but it is examined in a broader poetic context: the poem belongs to a wider tradition and thus needs to be understood in that context. The texts examined include several major Old English narrative poems, in particular the two Genesis, Christ and Satan, Andreas, Elene, Juliana and Guthlac A.
Elise Louviot is a Lecturer at the University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne (France) and a specialist of OldEnglish poetry. Her research interests include orality, tradition, formulas and the linguistic expression of subjectivity.
English poetry --- Narration (Rhetoric) --- Narrative (Rhetoric) --- Narrative writing --- Rhetoric --- Discourse analysis, Narrative --- Narratees (Rhetoric) --- History and criticism. --- Beowulf. --- Bjowulf --- 450-1100 --- Old English Language, Period of --- Middle English. --- Old English poetry. --- Old English. --- history of poetry. --- linguistic analysis. --- linguistic scholarship. --- literature studies. --- manuscripts. --- medieval history. --- medieval literature. --- narrative poetry. --- religion and classics. --- traditionalism.
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The 'Old English Martyrology' is one of the longest and most important prose texts written in Anglo-Saxon England; it also represents one of the most impressive examples of encyclopaedic writing from the European Middle Ages. Probably intended as a reference work, it was used and transmitted for over 200 years, providing its readers with information on native and foreign saints, time measurement, the seasons of the year, biblical events, and cosmology. Its lively and engaging vignettes illustrate the importance of miracle stories for the early medieval cult of saints. This new edition presents a revised text, with a facing-page, newly-prepared English translation; they are accompanied by a commentary based on a fresh comparison with some 250 Latin and Old English texts, the first published glossary for this text, and extensive bibliographical information and indices. Dr Christine Rauer is a Senior Lecturer in the School of English and the Institute of Mediaeval Studies at the University of St Andrews, Scotland.
Christian martyrs --- Martyrs --- Martyrdom --- Christianity --- Martyrologium (Anglo-Saxon) --- Martyrologium Saxonice --- Martyrology, Old English --- Old English Martyrology --- Altenglische Martyrologium --- Menologium (Anglo-Saxon) --- Old English metrical calendar --- Christian martyrs - Early works to 1800 --- Martyrologe anglais (vieil-) --- Anglo-Saxon. --- Biblical Events. --- Cosmology. --- English studies. --- Martyrology. --- Mediaeval Studies. --- Miracle Stories. --- Old English. --- Reference. --- Saints. --- early modern history. --- literature. --- mauscript. --- medieval history. --- medieval literature. --- middle ages. --- religion and classics. --- saints. --- sociology. --- translation.
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Based primarily on the exhaustive investigation by the Inquisition of Modena, 'The Scourge of Demons' examines this fascinating case in its historical context. The travails of Santa Chiara occurred at a time when Europe witnessed peaks in both witch-hunting and in the numbers of people reputedly possessed by demons. Female religious figures appeared particularly prone to demonic attacks, and Counter-Reformation Church authorities were especially interested in imposing stricter discipline on convents. Watt carefully considers how the nuns of Santa Chiara understood and experienced alleged possession and witchcraft, concluding that Santa Chiara's diabolical troubles and their denouement - involving the actions of nuns, confessors, inquisitorial authorities, and exorcists - were profoundly shaped by the unique confluence of religious, cultural, judicial, and intellectual trends that flourished in the 1630s. Jeffrey R. Watt is professor of history at the University of Mississippi.
Esoteric sciences --- Christian church history --- History of civilization --- History of Italy --- anno 1600-1699 --- Demoniac possession --- Witchcraft --- 248.222 --- 27 <45> "16" --- 291.33 --- 248.222 Vrijwillige relaties met de duivel. Satanisme. Hekserij. Toverij --- Vrijwillige relaties met de duivel. Satanisme. Hekserij. Toverij --- 291.33 Directe invloed op de goddelijke wil: hekserij; bezweringen; magie, toverij --- Directe invloed op de goddelijke wil: hekserij; bezweringen; magie, toverij --- Black art (Witchcraft) --- Sorcery --- Occultism --- Wicca --- Demonic possession --- Possession, Demoniac --- Demonology --- Spirit possession --- History --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Italië--17e eeuw. Periode 1600-1699 --- Monastero Santa Chiara (Carpi, Italy) --- Monastero S. Chiara (Carpi, Italy) --- Santa Chiara (Convent : Carpi, Italy) --- Carpi (Italy) --- Carpi --- Church history --- 1600s. --- Italian history. --- demons. --- history of Christianity in Italy. --- mass hysteria. --- psychosomatic. --- religion and classics. --- seventeenth century Italy. --- witchcraft. --- women in religion. --- women's studies.
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Recent scholarship on The Prince interprets the classic work in the context of Machiavelli's sixteenth-century Italy, but this scholarship neglects the source on which the moral and political world of the sixteenth century was based, the Christian Bible. In this study of The Prince, William Parsons plumbs Machiavelli's allusions to the Bible, along with his statements on the church,and shows that Machiavelli was a careful reader of the Bible and an astute observer of the church. Machiavelli's teaching in The Prince, Parsons contends, might be instructively compared with that of the church's teacher, Jesus Christ. Parsons undertakes what recent interpreters of The Prince have not done: contrast Machiavelli's advice with the teachings of Christ. The result is a new reading of The Prince, revealing in Machiavelli's political thought a systematic critique of the teachings of the New Testament and its model for human life, Christ. In this study of the one of greatest works on politics ever written, Parsons not only challenges the most recent interpretations of The Prince but also gives new understanding to the reading that made Machiavelli famous. William Parsons is associate professor of political science at Carroll College.
Christianisme et politique. --- Machiavel (1469-1527). --- Christianity and politics. --- Machiavelli, Niccolò, --- Jesus Christ --- In literature. --- Christianity --- Church and politics --- Politics and Christianity --- Politics and the church --- Political science --- Political aspects --- Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- عيسىٰ --- Machiavelli. --- The Prince. --- anthropology. --- early modern history. --- ethics. --- international relations. --- literature. --- medieval history. --- morality. --- philosophy. --- political science. --- religion and classics. --- religious studes. --- renaissance. --- sixteenth century. --- sociology.
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This book explores the changing aspirations, attitudes and identities of English Catholics in the late eighteenth century, a period which marked a critical moment of transition in their spiritual, political and intellectual culture. It is based on the experiences of the English Catholic baronet, Grand Tourist and politician Sir Thomas Gascoigne (1745-1810). Gascoigne was born on the Continent intoa devout Catholic family based in Yorkshire; however, following an unusual Continental upbringing and extensive series of Grand Tours to the courts of Catholic Europe, he would abjure his faith for aseat in Parliament. Throughout his life, he was an important advocate of agricultural reform, a considerable coal owner interested in mining engineering, as well as a keen developer of spa culture. By examining the experiences of Gascoigne and his milieu, this book explores English Catholic attitudes towards continental Catholicism, the influence of the European Enlightenment upon their educationand outlook, and how this affected their Christianity, their estates and their conception of national identity. It demonstrates how increased toleration entailed a gradual rejection amongst English Catholics of a pious separatism for a more ecumenical and, ultimately, Enlightened approach to religion. Although this risked the loss of English Catholics to Anglicanism, many - like Gascoigne - remained crypto-Catholic in sympathy. They adapted their faith to the Enlightenment and regarded it as a matter of personal conviction and private choice.
ALEXANDER LOCK is Curator of Modern Historical Manuscripts at the British Library.
Catholics --- Group identity --- History --- Gascoigne, Thomas. --- Catholic Church --- 27 <420> "17" --- 27 <420> "17" Histoire de l'Eglise--Engeland--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- 27 <420> "17" Kerkgeschiedenis--Engeland--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Histoire de l'Eglise--Engeland--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Engeland--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Gascoigne, Thomas --- Catholics - England - 18th century --- Group identity - England - History - 18th century. --- Gascoigne, Thomas, --- Collective identity --- Community identity --- Cultural identity --- Social identity --- Identity (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Collective memory --- Christians --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- Catholic church. --- English Catholicism. --- catholicism. --- christianity. --- eighteenth century England. --- eligious history. --- historians. --- modern historical manuscripts. --- modern studies. --- religion and classics. --- religious studies.
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