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The agricultural community is face with the challenge of increasing food production by more than 70% to meet demand from the global population increase by the mid-21st century. Sustainable food production involves the sustained availability of resources, such as water and energy, to agriculture. The key challenges to sustainable food production are population increase, increasing demands for food, climate change, climate variability, and decreasing per capita land and water resources. To discuss more details on (a) the challenges for sustainable food production and (b) mitigation options available, a Special Issue on “Water Management for Sustainable Food Production” was assembled. This Special Issue focused on issues such as irrigation using brackish water, virtual water trade, allocation of water resources, consequences of excess precipitation on crop yields, strategies to increase water productivity, rainwater harvesting, irrigation water management, deficit irrigation, fertilization, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and irrigation water quality. The articles in the Special Issue cover several water-related issues across the U.S., Asia, Middle East, Africa, and Pakistan concerning sustainable food production. The articles in this Special Issue highlight the substantial impacts on agricultural production, water availability, and water quality in the face of increasing demands for food and energy.

AquaCrop model --- capillary rise --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- supplemental irrigation --- crop growth --- lettuce --- AquaCrop --- water saving --- water productivity --- deficit irrigation --- nitrogen productivity --- fertigation --- drip irrigation --- low-discharge --- arid regions --- Africa --- food security --- system of rice intensification --- water conservation --- climate variability --- water use efficiency --- multi-crop production --- pressure irrigation systems --- water costs --- corn --- soybeans --- maize --- crop-water production function --- West Africa --- spatiotemporal rainfall variability --- tied ridges --- scattered plots --- pearl millet --- yield loss --- crop uptake --- food quality --- geogenic --- emerging contaminants --- nanomaterials --- lysimeter --- canola --- water table --- root distribution --- evapotranspiration --- sustainable irrigation --- bibliometric analysis --- innovation and technology --- unconventional water resources --- delayed transplanting --- seedling age --- seedling density --- wet season --- grain sorghum --- precipitation --- rainfed --- multiple linear regression --- crop yield --- principal component analysis --- water allocation --- WEAP model --- scenario --- Awash River Basin --- sustainability --- agriculture --- virtual water trade --- blue --- green --- arid region --- brackish water --- sub surface drip irrigation (SDI) --- salinity --- sodicity --- olives trees --- excess precipitation --- irrigation water quality --- virtual water --- brackish groundwater --- rainwater harvesting --- socio-economic impacts

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Flood/drought, risk management, and policy: decision-making under uncertainty. Hydrometeorological extremes and their impact on human–environment systems. Regional and nonstationary frequency analysis of extreme events. Detection and prediction of hydrometeorological extremes with observational and model-based approaches. Vulnerability and impact assessment for adaptation to climate change.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- spatial downscaling --- MODIS chlorophyll-a --- sentinel-2A MSI --- multiple polynomial regression --- genetic programming --- rainfall variability --- Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) --- El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) --- intentional statistical simulation --- satellite-based precipitation --- hydrological modeling --- error propagation --- monsoon-climate watershed --- typhoon-induced rainfall --- prediction --- statistical model --- fuzzy C-means clustering --- China --- remote sensing --- integrated drought monitoring --- meteorological drought --- hydrological drought --- agricultural drought --- Bayesian principal component analysis (BPCA) --- statistical simulation --- extreme precipitation index --- PERSIANN-CDR --- KGE --- linear trend --- Huai River Basin --- Indian Ocean Dipole mode --- El Niño–Southern Oscillation --- singular spectrum analysis --- mutual information --- non-stationarity of seasonal precipitation

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The agricultural community is face with the challenge of increasing food production by more than 70% to meet demand from the global population increase by the mid-21st century. Sustainable food production involves the sustained availability of resources, such as water and energy, to agriculture. The key challenges to sustainable food production are population increase, increasing demands for food, climate change, climate variability, and decreasing per capita land and water resources. To discuss more details on (a) the challenges for sustainable food production and (b) mitigation options available, a Special Issue on “Water Management for Sustainable Food Production” was assembled. This Special Issue focused on issues such as irrigation using brackish water, virtual water trade, allocation of water resources, consequences of excess precipitation on crop yields, strategies to increase water productivity, rainwater harvesting, irrigation water management, deficit irrigation, fertilization, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and irrigation water quality. The articles in the Special Issue cover several water-related issues across the U.S., Asia, Middle East, Africa, and Pakistan concerning sustainable food production. The articles in this Special Issue highlight the substantial impacts on agricultural production, water availability, and water quality in the face of increasing demands for food and energy.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- AquaCrop model --- capillary rise --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- supplemental irrigation --- crop growth --- lettuce --- AquaCrop --- water saving --- water productivity --- deficit irrigation --- nitrogen productivity --- fertigation --- drip irrigation --- low-discharge --- arid regions --- Africa --- food security --- system of rice intensification --- water conservation --- climate variability --- water use efficiency --- multi-crop production --- pressure irrigation systems --- water costs --- corn --- soybeans --- maize --- crop-water production function --- West Africa --- spatiotemporal rainfall variability --- tied ridges --- scattered plots --- pearl millet --- yield loss --- crop uptake --- food quality --- geogenic --- emerging contaminants --- nanomaterials --- lysimeter --- canola --- water table --- root distribution --- evapotranspiration --- sustainable irrigation --- bibliometric analysis --- innovation and technology --- unconventional water resources --- delayed transplanting --- seedling age --- seedling density --- wet season --- grain sorghum --- precipitation --- rainfed --- multiple linear regression --- crop yield --- principal component analysis --- water allocation --- WEAP model --- scenario --- Awash River Basin --- sustainability --- agriculture --- virtual water trade --- blue --- green --- arid region --- brackish water --- sub surface drip irrigation (SDI) --- salinity --- sodicity --- olives trees --- excess precipitation --- irrigation water quality --- virtual water --- brackish groundwater --- rainwater harvesting --- socio-economic impacts

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This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific articles concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relationship between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and various methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. This Special Issue contributes to a better understanding of the causes of water quality deterioration, the mechanisms responsible for the functioning of ecosystems, including the decrease of biodiversity and the possibilities of improving their condition. Thus, it can be helpful for regaining the good ecological status of water bodies required by the Water Framework Directive.

Research & information: general --- biomanipulation --- chlorophyll-a --- hypolimnion aeration --- nutrients --- phosphorus inactivation --- invertebrates --- hydrological regime --- diversity --- water bodies --- water quality --- strontium isotopes --- springs --- meromictic lake --- eutrophication --- catchment --- nutrient load --- agriculture --- European Water Framework Directive --- shallow lake --- stratified lake --- functional groups of phytoplankton --- innovative method of restoration --- oxygenation near the bottom sediments --- phytoplankton biomass --- restoration treatment --- small lake --- sustainable restoration --- rotifers --- microcrustaceans --- aquatic vegetation --- small water bodies --- human-induced impact --- ecological assessment --- macroinvertebrates --- zooplankton --- anthropogenic impact --- stream ecology --- riverbed regulation --- soft water lake --- Lobelia dortmanna --- Littorella uniflora --- Isoëtes lacustris --- human impact --- cyanobacteria --- Daphnia --- harmful algal bloom mitigation --- phytoplankton --- reactive oxygen specie --- water level fluctuation --- multi-proxy approach --- Cladocera --- Chironomidae --- diatoms --- Northern Europe --- West Africa --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- riverbanks --- floodplain lakes --- Carabidae --- stenotopic species --- assemblage --- overgrown --- surface microlayer --- phytoneuston --- metals --- urban water body --- ciliate assemblages --- oxygen concentration --- ecological optimum --- lake --- freshwater habitats --- biodiversity --- aquatic plants --- plankton assemblages --- water cycle --- freshwater ecosystems restoration

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This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific articles concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relationship between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and various methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. This Special Issue contributes to a better understanding of the causes of water quality deterioration, the mechanisms responsible for the functioning of ecosystems, including the decrease of biodiversity and the possibilities of improving their condition. Thus, it can be helpful for regaining the good ecological status of water bodies required by the Water Framework Directive.

Research & information: general --- biomanipulation --- chlorophyll-a --- hypolimnion aeration --- nutrients --- phosphorus inactivation --- invertebrates --- hydrological regime --- diversity --- water bodies --- water quality --- strontium isotopes --- springs --- meromictic lake --- eutrophication --- catchment --- nutrient load --- agriculture --- European Water Framework Directive --- shallow lake --- stratified lake --- functional groups of phytoplankton --- innovative method of restoration --- oxygenation near the bottom sediments --- phytoplankton biomass --- restoration treatment --- small lake --- sustainable restoration --- rotifers --- microcrustaceans --- aquatic vegetation --- small water bodies --- human-induced impact --- ecological assessment --- macroinvertebrates --- zooplankton --- anthropogenic impact --- stream ecology --- riverbed regulation --- soft water lake --- Lobelia dortmanna --- Littorella uniflora --- Isoëtes lacustris --- human impact --- cyanobacteria --- Daphnia --- harmful algal bloom mitigation --- phytoplankton --- reactive oxygen specie --- water level fluctuation --- multi-proxy approach --- Cladocera --- Chironomidae --- diatoms --- Northern Europe --- West Africa --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- riverbanks --- floodplain lakes --- Carabidae --- stenotopic species --- assemblage --- overgrown --- surface microlayer --- phytoneuston --- metals --- urban water body --- ciliate assemblages --- oxygen concentration --- ecological optimum --- lake --- freshwater habitats --- biodiversity --- aquatic plants --- plankton assemblages --- water cycle --- freshwater ecosystems restoration --- biomanipulation --- chlorophyll-a --- hypolimnion aeration --- nutrients --- phosphorus inactivation --- invertebrates --- hydrological regime --- diversity --- water bodies --- water quality --- strontium isotopes --- springs --- meromictic lake --- eutrophication --- catchment --- nutrient load --- agriculture --- European Water Framework Directive --- shallow lake --- stratified lake --- functional groups of phytoplankton --- innovative method of restoration --- oxygenation near the bottom sediments --- phytoplankton biomass --- restoration treatment --- small lake --- sustainable restoration --- rotifers --- microcrustaceans --- aquatic vegetation --- small water bodies --- human-induced impact --- ecological assessment --- macroinvertebrates --- zooplankton --- anthropogenic impact --- stream ecology --- riverbed regulation --- soft water lake --- Lobelia dortmanna --- Littorella uniflora --- Isoëtes lacustris --- human impact --- cyanobacteria --- Daphnia --- harmful algal bloom mitigation --- phytoplankton --- reactive oxygen specie --- water level fluctuation --- multi-proxy approach --- Cladocera --- Chironomidae --- diatoms --- Northern Europe --- West Africa --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- riverbanks --- floodplain lakes --- Carabidae --- stenotopic species --- assemblage --- overgrown --- surface microlayer --- phytoneuston --- metals --- urban water body --- ciliate assemblages --- oxygen concentration --- ecological optimum --- lake --- freshwater habitats --- biodiversity --- aquatic plants --- plankton assemblages --- water cycle --- freshwater ecosystems restoration