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Photovoltaic power generation. --- National Photovoltaics Program (U.S.)

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Smart grid is a future extension of the current electricity network. It aims to increase the stability of the current network, and to avoid power surges and possible complete blackouts. Furthermore, the aim is to use renewable energy sources as good as possible and to give great power cunsomers a maximal flexibility. Under flexibility we mean the shift in time periods with high power consumption, so that they are enabled at times that much electrical power is available. Furthermore, the smart grid also will be enabled for the "save" of electrical energy.This thesis is a study of some heavy electrical loads within the Siemens site Huizingen such as a compressor, air conditioning and electric cars. This to estimate if its possible to integrate them into the smart grid. there is also a comprehensive test on electric vehicles done, in particular, it was tested whether it is possible to load with a variable power (the "mode 3" drawers). Smart grid is een toekomstige uitbreiding van het huidige elektriciteitsnetwerk. Het heeft als doel de stabiliteit van het huidige net te verhogen om zo spanningspieken en eventuele volledige black-outs te vermijden. Verder is het de bedoeling om zo optimaal mogelijk gebruik te maken van hernieuwbare energiebronnen en om grote verbruikers in het elektriciteitsnet een maximale flexibiliteit te geven. Onder flexibiliteit verstaan we het verschuiven in de tijd van periodes met hoog stroomverbruik, zodat ze worden ingeschakeld op momenten dat er veel elektrisch vermogen ter beschikking is. Verder zal het smart grid ook ingeschakeld worden voor het “opslaan” van elektrische energie.In dit eindwerk is een studie gemaakt van een aantal zware elektrische verbruikers binnen de site Siemens Huizingen zoals een compressor, airconditioning en elektrische wagens. Dit om hun potentiële kans in te schatten om hen te integreren in het smart grid. Naast het identificeren van de lasten is een uitgebreide test gedaan op elektrische voertuigen; in het bijzonder werd getest of het mogelijk is hen te laden met een variabel vermogen (het “mode 3”-laden).

Compressor. --- Elektriciteitstechnologie - electric technology. --- Elektrisch voertuig. --- Elektrische buffers. --- Elektrische energietechniek - power distribution. --- Energie - energy. --- Energieverdeling - power distribution. --- Flexibele lasten. --- Luchtdrukopslag. --- Mode 3 laden. --- Photovoltaics - photovoltaics. --- Smart grid.

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In recent years, metal halide perovskites have emerged as a rising star among semiconductor materials owing to their low cost, solution processability, and fascinating combination of material properties enabling a broad range of energy applications. Accompanied by the unprecedented success in the photovoltaic community, which has witnessed a certified power conversion efficiency of 23.7%, rapid advancement has also been achieved in the areas of light-emitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and solar-to-fuel energy conversion devices. Beyond the dominant format of polycrystalline perovskite thin films for solar cell applications, recent progress in metal halide perovskite crystals, ranging from nanocrystals to macroscopic single-crystals, has spurred a great deal of both scientific and industrial interest. Great research efforts have endeavored to develop new techniques for crystal growth and investigate the physical and chemical properties of the materials and explore their emerging applications. These exciting achievements call for a rationalization of the different forms of perovskite semiconductors beyond the widely used polycrystalline thin films. In the current Special Issue, “Metal Halide Perovskite Crystals: Growth Techniques, Properties and Emerging Applications”, we aim to provide a forum for the discussion and presentation of recent advances in the fields of research related to metal halide perovskite crystals.

lasers --- crystals --- metal halide perovskites --- optoelectronic devices --- light-emitting diodes --- semiconductors --- photovoltaics

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Photovoltaic power generation. --- Photovoltaic energy conversion --- Photovoltaics --- Direct energy conversion --- Solar energy --- Solar batteries

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Photovoltaic power generation. --- Photovoltaic energy conversion --- Photovoltaics --- Direct energy conversion --- Solar energy --- Solar batteries