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Työurien vakaus ja laatu ovat merkittäviä yhteiskunnallisia ja talouspoliittisia kysymyksiä, sillä pohjoismaisen hyvinvointivaltion rahoitus perustuu työikäisten työssäkäyntiin sekä työstä, tuotannosta ja kulutuksesta kerättävään verotuloon. Tässä kokoomateoksessa tarkastellaan, millaisiksi työurat ovat viime vuosikymmeninä muotoutuneet viennin kannalta tärkeillä teollisuusaloilla. Tutkimustulokset perustuvat yritysten ja työntekijöiden kokonaisrekisteriaineistoon, yritystilastoihin ja teollisuustoimialojen asiantuntijoiden haastatteluihin. Työuria tarkastellaan teoksessa useista eri näkökulmista, joita ovat työllisyyden vakaus, työssäolo, työtulojen kehitys, liikkuvuus toimialojen ja toimipaikkojen välillä sekä uudelleenkouluttautuminen. Tulosten perusteella työurat eivät ole Suomessa keskimäärin heikentyneet eikä julkisuudessa usein esitetty käsitys työurien aiempaa suuremmasta epävakaudesta pidä paikkaansa. Kuitenkin naisten ja matalasti koulutettujen työurat ja palkkakehitys jäävät miehistä ja paremmin koulutetuista jälkeen eli työurien tasa-arvo ei ole edistynyt. Tutkimuksen muita keskeisiä johtopäätöksiä on, että aikuiskouluttautuminen eriytyy koulutustason mukaan ja että yritysten investoinnit aineettomaan pääomaan ennakoivat henkilöstölle myönteisiä työuratulemia. The stability and quality of work careers are major social and economic issues, as the funding of the Nordic welfare state is based on the employment of working-age people and the tax revenue collected from work, production and consumption. This edited volume examines how work careers have developed in specific industrial sectors and at different levels of education in recent decades.The research results are based on the linked employer-employee data of Statistics Finland, company statistics and interviews with industry experts. Careers are examined from several different perspectives, including career stability, employment status, income development, mobility between industries and places of work, and on-the-job training.Based on the results, careers have not weakened between cohorts on average in Finland. Instead of the often-expressed perception of greater job instability, there is high stability of employment combined with high mobility within the careers, owing to the high frequency of changing industries and jobs. However, the career development of women and the low-skilled lags behind that of men and the more highly educated, meaning that equality in earnings has not progressed. Other key findings of the study suggest that adult education differs according to the level of education, and that companies' investments in intangible capital anticipate positive career outcomes for employees.

Industrial relations, health & safety --- Business studies: general --- career --- industry --- industrial work --- structural change --- employment --- income from work --- know-how --- education --- gender --- investments --- Finland --- työura --- teollisuus --- toimialat --- teknologinen kehitys --- teollisuustyö --- vaikutukset --- työllisyysvaikutukset --- rakennemuutos --- työelämä --- muutos --- osaaminen --- teollisuustyöntekijät --- työtulot --- sukupuoli --- työssäoppiminen --- erikoisammattitutkinnot --- yritykset --- investoinnit --- Suomi --- Career changes. --- työura. --- teollisuus. --- toimialat. --- teknologinen kehitys. --- teollisuustyö. --- vaikutukset. --- työllisyysvaikutukset. --- pirstoutuminen. --- rakennemuutos. --- työelämä. --- muutos. --- osaaminen. --- teollisuustyöntekijät. --- työtulot. --- sukupuoli. --- työssäoppiminen. --- erikoisammattitutkinnot. --- yritykset. --- investoinnit. --- karriär. --- industri. --- branscher. --- teknologisk utveckling. --- industriarbete. --- effekter. --- sysselsättningseffekter. --- fragmentering. --- strukturomvandling. --- arbetsliv. --- förändring. --- kunnande. --- industriarbetare. --- arbetsinkomster. --- kön. --- inlärning i arbete. --- specialyrkesexamina. --- företag. --- investeringar. --- Socioeconomic Factors.

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Current periodicals --- Revue périodique --- Investissement --- 336.76 <493> <05> --- Tijdschrift --- tijdschriften --- BE / Belgium - België - Belgique --- Investering --- Periodicals --- investment --- ulaganje --- infheistíocht --- inwestycje --- naložba --- investeering --- investiții --- investiment --- beruházás --- Investition --- инвестиция --- investering --- investicija --- investice --- улагање --- инвестиција --- inversión --- investimento --- investim --- investointi --- investícia --- ieguldījumi --- επένδυση --- capital expenditure --- kapitāla ieguldījumu prasības --- investiranje --- infheistiú --- kapitálové investice --- necessidades de investimento --- investeringsnoodzaak --- Investitionsbedarf --- inversión de capitales --- kapitalo investicijų poreikis --- investeerimine --- necesidades de inversión --- kapitálové investičné požiadavky --- capital investment requirement --- kërkesë për investime kapitale --- Kapitalinvestition --- rischio di investimento --- necesitatea investițiilor de capital --- cheltuieli de capital --- tasso d'investimento --- beruházási igény --- shpenzime kapitale --- kapitali investeerimisnõue --- kapitálové výdavky --- befektetés --- investeringsbehov --- befektetési igény --- besoin d'investissement --- капитална инвестиција --- kapitālieguldījumu izdevumi --- επενδυτική ανάγκη --- investoinnit --- investiční výdaje --- investavimas --- propensione agli investimenti --- kapitaalinvestering --- fabbisogno d'investimento --- kapitalinvestering --- kapitalinės išlaidos --- επένδυση κεφαλαίων --- investimento de capitais --- investissement de capitaux --- perioodiline väljaanne --- periodická publikácia --- сериски публикации --- tidskrift --- периодично издание --- periodinis leidinys --- periodikum --- rivista periodica --- kausijulkaisu --- serial publication --- periodische Veröffentlichung --- publicații periodice --- περιοδική επιθεώρηση --- publicação periódica --- publicación seriada --- periodična publikacija --- periodika --- folyóirat --- publikim periodik --- periodisks izdevums --- wydawnictwo periodyczne --- tidsskrift --- периодично издање --- tijdschrift --- pubblikazzjoni perjodika --- periodicum --- periodiek --- revue périodique --- publicación periódica --- επιθεώρηση --- издание во продолженија --- периодична објава --- periodical publication --- serijska publikacija --- botim periodik --- сериско издание --- seriāls izdevums --- périodique --- periodico --- publikim në seri --- rivista mensile --- serijinis leidinys --- mensile --- pubblicazione periodica --- publicații seriale --- периодично списание --- periodisk tidskrift --- měsíčník --- perioodikaväljaanne --- revista --- series --- časopis --- periódico --- publicación en serie --- serie --- periodice --- periodical --- týdeník --- nepravé periodikum --- jadaväljaanne --- občasník --- Periodikum --- aikakauslehti --- serials --- периодична публикација --- фељтон --- περιοδικό --- Closed periodicals --- Beleggingen --- sraitheachán --- Revue périodique --- Tijdschriften --- Investeringen --- Geldwezen

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Arbitration agreements, Commercial --- Conflict of laws --- Investments, Foreign --- Clause compromissoire (Droit commercial) --- Arbitrage (Droit international privé) --- Investissements étrangers --- Arbitration and award --- Law and legislation --- Droit --- International commercial arbitration --- Natural resources --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Arbitrage (Droit international privé) --- Investissements étrangers --- National resources --- Resources, Natural --- Arbitration and award, International --- Commercial arbitration, International --- International arbitration and award --- Arbitration clauses, Commercial --- Commercial arbitration agreements --- Compromise (Arbitration agreement) --- Submission (Arbitration agreement) --- Economic aspects --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Arbitrage commercial international --- Investissements --- international commercial arbitration. --- investment. --- ulaganje --- infheistíocht --- inwestycje --- naložba --- investeering --- investiții --- investiment --- beruházás --- Investition --- инвестиция --- investering --- investicija --- investissement --- investice --- улагање --- инвестиција --- inversión --- investimento --- investim --- investointi --- investícia --- ieguldījumi --- επένδυση --- capital expenditure --- kapitāla ieguldījumu prasības --- investiranje --- infheistiú --- kapitálové investice --- necessidades de investimento --- investeringsnoodzaak --- Investitionsbedarf --- inversión de capitales --- kapitalo investicijų poreikis --- investeerimine --- necesidades de inversión --- kapitálové investičné požiadavky --- capital investment requirement --- kërkesë për investime kapitale --- Kapitalinvestition --- rischio di investimento --- necesitatea investițiilor de capital --- cheltuieli de capital --- tasso d'investimento --- beruházási igény --- shpenzime kapitale --- kapitali investeerimisnõue --- kapitálové výdavky --- befektetés --- investeringsbehov --- befektetési igény --- besoin d'investissement --- капитална инвестиција --- kapitālieguldījumu izdevumi --- επενδυτική ανάγκη --- investoinnit --- investiční výdaje --- investavimas --- propensione agli investimenti --- kapitaalinvestering --- fabbisogno d'investimento --- kapitalinvestering --- kapitalinės išlaidos --- επένδυση κεφαλαίων --- investimento de capitais --- investissement de capitaux --- starptautiskā tirdzniecības arbitrāža --- меѓународна трговска арбитража --- internationale Handelschiedsgerichtsbarkeit --- mednarodna trgovinska arbitraža --- διεθνής εμπορική διαιτησία --- arbitrazh tregtar ndërkombëtar --- arbitraj comercial internațional --- kansainvälinen kaupan välitysmenettely --- подсъдност на международен търговски съд --- rahvusvaheline kaubanduslik vahekohtumenetlus --- internationale arbitrage in handelsgeschillen --- međunarodna trgovačka arbitraža --- nemzetközi kereskedelmi választottbíráskodás --- arbitrage commercial international --- arbitragem comercial internacional --- arbitraje comercial internacional --- międzynarodowy arbitraż handlowy --- arbitrato commerciale internazionale --- international handelsvoldgift --- medzinárodná obchodná arbitráž --- mezinárodní obchodní arbitráž --- internationellt skiljedomsförfarande i handelstvister --- arbitraġġ kummerċjali internazzjonali --- међународна трговинска арбитража --- tarptautinis komercinis arbitražas --- mezinárodní obchodní smírčí řízení --- mezinárodní obchodní rozhodčí řízení --- eadráin tráchtála idirnáisiúnta

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Energy industries --- Dispute resolution (Law) --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Law and legislation --- Capital investments --- Capital investments. --- Law and legislation. --- Energy Charter Treaty --- Dispute resolution (Law). --- ADR (Dispute resolution) --- Alternative dispute resolution --- Appropriate dispute resolution --- Collaborative law --- Conflict resolution --- Dispute processing --- Dispute settlement --- Industries --- Power resources --- Justice, Administration of --- Mediation --- Neighborhood justice centers --- Third parties (Law) --- Charte européenne de l'énergie --- Arbitrage --- UE/CE Etats membres --- Politique énergétique --- Investissements industriels --- European Energy Charter. --- investment. --- industrial capital. --- energy policy. --- energetická politika --- energetikos politika --- politique énergétique --- energetska politika --- energiapoliitika --- energiapolitiikka --- енергийна политика --- politika tal-enerġija --- ενεργειακή πολιτική --- política energética --- Energiepolitik --- politica energetica --- energiebeleid --- energiapolitika --- energipolitik --- enerģētikas politika --- politică energetică --- politikë energjetike --- енергетска политика --- polityka energetyczna --- strategia energetica --- obiettivo energetico --- политика за енергетика --- politica energetica nazionale --- мерки за енергетска ефикасност --- atomprogram --- opzione energetica --- atompolitik --- politica dell'energia --- piano energetico --- енергетска стратегија --- sviluppo energetico --- industrikapital --- индустријски капитал --- kapital industrijali --- priemyselný kapitál --- βιομηχανικό κεφάλαιο --- capital industrial --- kapital industrial --- промишлен капитал --- industrieel kapitaal --- tööstuskapital --- průmyslový kapitál --- rūpniecības kapitāls --- kapitał przemysłowy --- industrijski kapital --- pramonės kapitalas --- capital industriel --- индустриски капитал --- ipari tőke --- capitale industriale --- Industriekapital --- tuotantoon sidottu pääoma --- ulaganje --- infheistíocht --- inwestycje --- naložba --- investeering --- investiții --- investiment --- beruházás --- Investition --- инвестиция --- investering --- investicija --- investissement --- investice --- улагање --- инвестиција --- inversión --- investimento --- investim --- investointi --- investícia --- ieguldījumi --- επένδυση --- capital expenditure --- kapitāla ieguldījumu prasības --- investiranje --- infheistiú --- kapitálové investice --- necessidades de investimento --- investeringsnoodzaak --- Investitionsbedarf --- inversión de capitales --- kapitalo investicijų poreikis --- investeerimine --- necesidades de inversión --- kapitálové investičné požiadavky --- capital investment requirement --- kërkesë për investime kapitale --- Kapitalinvestition --- rischio di investimento --- necesitatea investițiilor de capital --- cheltuieli de capital --- tasso d'investimento --- beruházási igény --- shpenzime kapitale --- kapitali investeerimisnõue --- kapitálové výdavky --- befektetés --- investeringsbehov --- befektetési igény --- besoin d'investissement --- капитална инвестиција --- kapitālieguldījumu izdevumi --- επενδυτική ανάγκη --- investoinnit --- investiční výdaje --- investavimas --- propensione agli investimenti --- kapitaalinvestering --- fabbisogno d'investimento --- kapitalinvestering --- kapitalinės išlaidos --- επένδυση κεφαλαίων --- investimento de capitais --- investissement de capitaux --- Europos energetikos chartija --- Ευρωπαϊκός Χάρτης Ενέργειας --- Det europæiske energicharter --- evropská energetická charta --- Europees Energiehandvest --- Carta europea dell'energia --- Karta Europiane e Energjisë --- Európai Energia Charta --- Европейска енергийна харта --- Evropska energetska listina --- Carta europeană a energiei --- Euroopa energiaharta --- Európska charta o energii --- Europeiska energistadgan --- Europäische Energiecharta --- Europejska Karta Energetyczna 1991 --- Европска повеља о енергији --- Carta Europea de la Energía --- Karta Ewropea dwar l-Enerġija --- Euroopan energiaperuskirja --- Eiropas Enerģētikas Harta --- Europska energetska povelja --- Европска енергетска повелба --- Carta Europeia da Energia --- charte européenne de l'énergie --- Europska povelja o energiji --- ECT

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"In The Interpretation and Application of the Most-Favored-Nation Clause in Investment Arbitration, Dr. Anqi Wang provides suggestions for MFN drafting in future international investment agreements (IIAs), as well as for MFN application by investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) tribunals in case of ambiguity. Dr. Wang conducts a systemic review of MFN clause in history and maps all the relevant ISDS cases. She argues that ISDS tribunals should interpret the MFN clause according to the treaty text on a case-by-case basis, and that tribunals should also consider state consent as the foundation for the jurisdiction of international adjudication, current IIA reform, and essential treaty interpretive principles. "--editor.

international law. --- investment. --- court of arbitration. --- international investment. --- investissement international --- tarptautinė investicija --- меѓународна инвестиција --- investiment internazzjonali --- medzinárodné investície --- investim ndërkombëtar --- kansainvälinen sijoitus --- international investering --- међународно улагање --- investimento internacional --- международни инвестиции --- internationell investering --- inwestycja międzynarodowa --- mednarodna naložba --- internationale investering --- starptautiskie ieguldījumi --- investimento internazionale --- infheistíocht idirnáisiúnta --- međunarodno ulaganje --- investiții internaționale --- nemzetközi beruházás --- internationale Investition --- mezinárodní investice --- inversión internacional --- διεθνής επένδυση --- rahvusvaheline investeering --- međunarodna investicija --- tarptautinis investavimas --- giurisdizione arbitrale --- választottbíróság --- арбитражен съд --- tribunal tal-arbitraġġ --- arbitražni sud --- arbitrážny súd --- cúirt eadrána --- välimiesoikeus --- Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit --- šķīrējtiesa --- jurisdicción arbitral --- arbitražo teismas --- curte de arbitraj --- jurisdição de arbitragem --- арбитражни суд --- vahekohus --- арбитражен суд --- skiljedomstol --- sądownictwo polubowne --- juridiction arbitrale --- scheidsrechtspraak --- arbitrážní soud --- razsodišče --- voldgiftsdomstol --- διαιτητικό δικαστήριο --- gjykatë arbitrazhi --- arbitration tribunal --- izbrani sud --- collegio arbitrale --- tribunale arbitrale --- Schiedsgericht --- арбитражи --- scheidsgerecht --- arbitraaž --- избрани судови --- арбитражен трибунал --- választottbírói testület --- arbitražno sudište --- arbitrážny tribunál --- gjykatë e posaçme arbitrazhi --- Tribunal de Arbitragem --- trečiųjų teismas --- tribunal arbitral --- ulaganje --- infheistíocht --- inwestycje --- naložba --- investeering --- investiții --- investiment --- beruházás --- Investition --- инвестиция --- investering --- investicija --- investissement --- investice --- улагање --- инвестиција --- inversión --- investimento --- investim --- investointi --- investícia --- ieguldījumi --- επένδυση --- capital expenditure --- kapitāla ieguldījumu prasības --- investiranje --- infheistiú --- kapitálové investice --- necessidades de investimento --- investeringsnoodzaak --- Investitionsbedarf --- inversión de capitales --- kapitalo investicijų poreikis --- investeerimine --- necesidades de inversión --- kapitálové investičné požiadavky --- capital investment requirement --- kërkesë për investime kapitale --- Kapitalinvestition --- rischio di investimento --- necesitatea investițiilor de capital --- cheltuieli de capital --- tasso d'investimento --- beruházási igény --- shpenzime kapitale --- kapitali investeerimisnõue --- kapitálové výdavky --- befektetés --- investeringsbehov --- befektetési igény --- besoin d'investissement --- капитална инвестиција --- kapitālieguldījumu izdevumi --- επενδυτική ανάγκη --- investoinnit --- investiční výdaje --- investavimas --- propensione agli investimenti --- kapitaalinvestering --- fabbisogno d'investimento --- kapitalinvestering --- kapitalinės išlaidos --- επένδυση κεφαλαίων --- investimento de capitais --- investissement de capitaux --- међународно право --- kansainvälinen oikeus --- nemzetközi jog --- droit international --- международно право --- internationaal recht --- rahvusvaheline õigus --- tarptautinė teisė --- direito internacional --- international ret --- διεθνές δίκαιο --- dritt internazzjonali --- internationales Recht --- меѓународно право --- međunarodno pravo --- internationell rätt --- diritto internazionale --- dlí idirnáisiúnta --- prawo międzynarodowe --- e drejtë ndërkombëtare --- Derecho internacional --- drept internațional --- medzinárodné právo --- mednarodno pravo --- starptautisko tiesību akti --- mezinárodní právo --- меѓународно процесно право --- меѓународна постапка --- internationale procedure --- меѓународни судови --- starptautiskās tiesības --- starptautisko tiesību normas --- procedura internazionale --- меѓународни договори --- internationales Prozessrecht --- internationales Prozeßrecht --- Favored nation clause. --- International commercial arbitration. --- Investments, Foreign (International law)